Abstract: A semiconductor package structure includes a conductive pad formed over a substrate. The semiconductor package structure also includes a passivation layer formed over the conductive pad. The semiconductor package structure further includes a first via structure formed through the passivation layer and in contact with the conductive pad. The semiconductor package structure also includes a first encapsulating material surrounding the first via structure. The semiconductor package structure further includes a redistribution layer structure formed over the first via structure. The first via structure has a lateral extending portion embedded in the first encapsulating material near a top surface of the first via structure, and the lateral extending portion has a width increasing in a direction toward the redistribution layer structure.

Abstract: An optical element driving system is provided. The optical element driving system includes an optical element driving mechanism and a control assembly. The optical element driving mechanism includes a movable portion, a fixed portion, and a driving assembly. The movable portion is used for connecting to an optical element. The movable portion is movable relative to the fixed portion. The movable portion is in an accommodating space in the fixed portion. The driving assembly is used for driving the movable portion to move relative to the fixed portion. The control assembly provides a driving signal to the driving assembly to control the driving assembly. The driving assembly includes a first driving element, and the material of the first driving element includes shape memory alloy.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a contact structure includes the following steps. An opening is formed in a dielectric layer. A conductive material layer is formed within the opening and on the dielectric layer, wherein the conductive material layer includes a bottom section having a first thickness and a top section having a second thickness, the second thickness is greater than the first thickness. A first treatment is performed on the conductive material layer to form a first oxide layer on the bottom section and on the top section of the conductive material layer. A second treatment is performed to remove at least portions of the first oxide layer and at least portions of the conductive material layer, wherein after performing the second treatment, the bottom section and the top section of the conductive material layer have substantially equal thickness.

Abstract: A semiconductor structure includes a first transistor having a first source/drain (S/D) feature and a first gate; a second transistor having a second S/D feature and a second gate; a multi-layer interconnection disposed over the first and the second transistors; a signal interconnection under the first and the second transistors; and a power rail under the signal interconnection and electrically isolated from the signal interconnection, wherein the signal interconnection electrically connects one of the first S/D feature and the first gate to one of the second S/D feature and the second gate.

Abstract: Methods for chemical mechanical polishing (CMP), and methods for forming an interconnect structure of a semiconductor device are provided. The methods include performing CMP on a surface of a dielectric structure with a CMP slurry to remove a portion of a metal layer formed in the dielectric structure and having at least a first layer exposed through the surface. In some examples, the CMP slurry that includes an abrasive, an oxidizing agent, and a compound configured to reduce aggregation of the abrasive on the surface of the dielectric structure. In some examples, the compound has positively charged ions that interact with the abrasive to reduce aggregation of the abrasive on a dielectric material. In some examples, the CMP slurry includes potassium hydroxide. In some examples, the compound includes an ammonium salt.

Abstract: A method for performing a data exchanging process to exchange data includes the following steps: establishing a data operating unit, transferring an encryption key to a first terminal, receiving first data encrypted according to the encryption key from the first terminal, combining first subset data of the first data and second subset data of second data encrypted according to the encryption key in the data operating unit to form result data wherein the first subset data and the second subset data respectively have a common identifier, delivering the result data to the first terminal and terminating the data operating unit. Besides, a non-transitory computer-readable medium and a system to perform the method are disclosed.

Abstract: A memory structure including a substrate, charge storage layers, and a gate is provided. The charge storage layers are located on the substrate. The gate is located on the substrate on one side of the charge storage layers. The gate extends along a first direction. The gate has a protruding portion protruding along a second direction. The second direction intersects the first direction. The protruding portion is located between two adjacent charge storage layers arranged along the first direction.

Abstract: A lighting device includes a driver, a first light string, a second light string, a constant current controller and a pulse width modulation controller. The driver is configured to provide a DC driving current to a shunt node. The first light string is electrically coupled between the shunt node and a ground terminal, and the first light string is driven by a first pulsating direct current. The second light string and the constant current controller are electrically coupled in series between the shunt node and the ground terminal. The pulse width modulation controller is configured to provide a pulse signal to the constant current controller, and the constant current controller controls a pulse frequency of a second pulsating direct current supplied for the second light string according to the pulse signal.

Abstract: A lighting device includes a light board and a light dimmer circuit. The light board includes multiple first light emitting elements and second light emitting elements. The first light emitting elements are disposed in a first area of the light board. The second light emitting elements are disposed in a second area of the light board. The light dimmer circuit is configured to drive the second light emitting elements to generate flickering lights from the second area of the light board, and is configured to drive the first light emitting elements to generate non-flickering lights from the first area of the light board.

Abstract: A method for performing a data exchanging process to exchange data includes the following steps: establishing a data operating unit, transferring an encryption key to a first terminal, receiving first data encrypted according to the encryption key from the first terminal, combining first subset data of the first data and second subset data of second data encrypted according to the encryption key in the data operating unit to form result data wherein the first subset data and the second subset data respectively have a common identifier, delivering the result data to the first terminal and terminating the data operating unit. Besides, a non-transitory computer-readable medium and a system to perform the method are disclosed.

Abstract: A lighting device includes a board, first light emitting elements and second light emitting elements. The first light emitting elements emit lights in a first spectral range. The second light emitting elements emit lights in a second spectral range. The second spectral range is narrow than the first spectral range. The first light emitting elements are disposed in at least one first area of the board, and the second light emitting elements are disposed in second areas of the board. The at least one first area and the second areas are alternatively arranged on the board.

Abstract: A method for tracking a moving human target and a device, the target tracking device comprises radar unit and camera unit. The method first obtains first positional information of a target through the radar unit, then obtains a display area image comprising the target through the camera unit based on the first positional information. Upon determining the target as human, the method determines whether an initial position of face of the target is centered within the display area image. If not centered, compensation is continuously applied to the radar unit from calculations on information as to orientations and distances from the radar unit and the camera unit, the radar unit and the camera unit being controlled to conduct face tracking of the moving target.

Abstract: A lighting device includes a light board and a light dimmer circuit. The light board includes multiple first light emitting elements and second light emitting elements. The first light emitting elements are disposed in a first area of the light board. The second light emitting elements are disposed in a second area of the light board. The light dimmer circuit is configured to drive the second light emitting elements to generate flickering lights from the second area of the light board, and is configured to drive the first light emitting elements to generate non-flickering lights from the first area of the light board.

Abstract: An Ethernet physical-layer circuit corresponding to a first port is connected to a first link partner device through the first port and a first Ethernet cable. The Ethernet physical-layer circuit and other physical-layer circuits all employ an output oscillation signal of a crystal oscillator to respectively generate clock waveforms, and they are configured in a master mode when the crosstalk noise is converged and compensated.