Abstract: A composition comprising an enzyme exhibiting laccase activity and an enzyme enhancing agent, also referred to as a mediator, is disclosed. A process for oxidizing a substrate that comprises treating the substrate with a composition comprising an enzyme exhibiting laccase activity and an enzyme enhancing agent is disclosed. The process when used on lignin-containing material bleaches the lignin-containing material. A process for enhancing the activity of an enzyme exhibiting laccase activity that comprises adding an enzyme enhancing agent to the enzyme is also disclosed.

Abstract: Novel polysaccharides comprising one or more oxime linkages are provided. Methods for their preparation include the polycondensation of saccharides bearing oxime-forming substituents. In some embodiments, polymerization is conducted in the presence of galactose oxidase. The resulting oxime-linked polysaccharides have desirable properties and are useful in numerous applications including paper manufacturing and drug delivery vehicles.

Abstract: A process of oxidizing a substrate is disclosed. The process comprising the step of treating the substrate with an oxidizing enzyme, a mediator that enhances the oxidative activity of the enzyme, and a chain transfer agent. In one example, the substrate is a lignin-containing material and the process results in bleaching of the lignin-containing material. Examples of some useful enzymes are laccase, catechol oxidase, monophenol monooxygenase, and bilirubin oxidase. A composition comprising an oxidative enzyme, a mediator that enhances the oxidative activity of the enzyme, and a chain transfer agent is also disclosed.

Abstract: Product of esterified polysaccharides and the process of making such product. The process can be enzymatic where an enzyme is used as a catalyst for the reaction. The process can also be chemical where no enzyme is used. Novel products are obtained through lipase-catalyzed &bgr;-lactone ring opening alcoholysis of ketene dimers and the process of making such compositions containing products.

Abstract: Methods for inhibiting the depositions of organic contaminants from pulp in pulp and papermaking systems are disclosed. Whey proteins are added to the pulp or applied to deposition prone surfaces of a papermaking system.

Abstract: Methods for inhibiting the depositions of organic contaminants from pulp in pulp and papermaking systems are disclosed. A combination of a protein and a cationic polymer is added to the pulp or applied to deposition prone surfaces of a papermaking system.

Abstract: A hydrophobically esterified starch, is disclosed, having the general formula: 1

Abstract: Esterified polysaccharides and the process of making such products are disclosed. The process can be enzymatic where an enzyme is used as a catalyst for the reaction. The process can also be chemical where no enzyme is used. Novel Products are obtained through lipase-catalyzed &bgr;-lactone ring opening alcoholysis of ketene dimers and the process of making such compositions containing products.

Abstract: Methods for inhibiting the depositions of organic contaminants from pulp in pulp and papermaking systems are disclosed. A combination of a protein and a cationic polymer is added to the pulp or applied to deposition prone surfaces of a papermaking system.

Abstract: Methods for inhibiting the depositions of organic contaminants from pulp in pulp and papermaking systems are disclosed. Whey proteins are added to the pulp or applied to deposition prone surfaces of a papermaking system.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for machining hard materials using the machining fluids containing long chain alcohol in which the machining fluid is applied to a machining tool and then lubricates the machining of the workpiece by the machining tool and protects the machining tool during machining. The method is particularly useful when used with machining tools having a Mohs hardness of at least 9 and is most particularly useful when used with diamond machining tools.

Abstract: The promoter of the EPCR gene has been isolated from both murine (SEQ. ID No. 1) and human (SEQ. ID No. 2) genomic libraries. The promoter includes a region (nucleotides 3130 to 3350 of SEQ. ID No. 1 which affects selective gene expression in endothelial cells), and a region (nucleotides 2270 to 2840 of SEQ. ID No. 1) which affects selective gene expression in large vessel endothelial cells, as compared to expression in all endothelial cells. The EPCR promoter contains a thrombin responsive element, CCCACCCC (SEQ. ID No. 3), (murine, nucleotides 3007 to 3014 SEQ. ID No. 1 and human, nucleotides 2722 to 2729 SEQ. ID No. 2). The EPCR also contains a serum response element (nucleotides 2990 to 3061 of SEQ. ID No. 1). The regulatory sequences present in the EPCR promoter can be used for thrombin or serum controlled recombinant gene expression specific to either all endothelial cells or primarily endothelial cells of large vessels.

Abstract: Amine modified pectins wherein the amine is a water soluble amine, amino acid, etc. and process to catalyze the reaction of water soluble polymers having alkoxyester and carboxylic acid functionality, such as polysaccharides, with a primary or secondary amine in the presence of a protease and water.

Abstract: Novel acetogenins isolated from Asimina triloba and Goniothalamus giganteus of the family Annonaceae and derivatives of those and other acetogenins are described. Bioactive cyclic formaldehyde acetal derivatives are prepared from Annonaceous acetogenins having 1,2-, 1,4- or 1,5-diols. A non-adjacent bis-tetrahydrofuran (THF) acetogenin is prepared from an unsaturated mono-THF acetogenin earlier isolated from Goniothalamus giganteus. The substantially pure acetogenins and acetogenin derivatives of the invention exhibit cytotoxicity to human solid tumor cell lines equipotent to adriamycin or orders of magnitude more potent than adriamycin, and they exhibit effective pesticidal activities.

Abstract: For titanium and titanium alloys in tribological applications under bound lubrication conditions, there are employed epoxy coatings adhered to the surface of the titanium or titanium alloy by a titanium oxide primer layer. The anti-wear properties of the epoxy coating can be improved by incorporation of an anti-wear filler such as diamond powder. These coatings improve the friction coefficient and anti-wear properties of the titanium and titanium alloys.

Abstract: Novel acetogenins isolated from Asimina triloba and Goniothalamus giganteus of the family Annonaceae and derivatives of those and other acetogenins are described. Bioactive cyclic formaldehyde acetal derivatives are prepared from Annonaceous acetogenins having 1,2-, 1,4- or 1,5-diols. A non-adjacent bis-tetrahydrofuran(THF) acetogenin is prepared from an unsaturated mono-THF acetogenin earlier isolated from Goniothalamus giganteus. The substantially pure acetogenins and acetogenin derivatives of the invention exhibit cytotoxicity to human solid tumor cell lines equipotent to adriamycin or orders of magnitude more potent than adriamycin, and they exhibit effective pesticidal activities.