Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions of phthalocyanine compounds with a structure according to Formula (I) are described. Phthalocyanines are photosensitizer compounds having a phthalocyanine ring system that can be used for photodynamic therapy. Different phthalocyanines and phthalocyanine salts are shown to have useful characteristics such as water solubility, oil solubility, or tunable photostability. Formulations of phthalocyanines and phthalocyanine salts that can be used for topical and systemic administration are described.

Abstract: A retaining apparatus for a data storage device includes a base board, a bracket, and a tray. The bracket is mounted to the base board. A receiving space is defined between the base board and the bracket. The tray is received in the receiving space. The tray includes a pair of mounting members. Each of the pair of mounting members includes a spring and an arm. The spring resiliently abuts against the bracket towards a first direction. The arm resiliently abuts against the bracket towards a second direction. The first direction is substantially perpendicular to the second direction.

Abstract: A method for controlling rotation speed of a vertical axis windmill by using rotating centrifugal force of blades comprises the steps of a. forming the rotor blades; b. rotation of the rotor blades; and c. lift control. A device for controlling rotation speed of the vertical axis windmill comprises a plate mounted on each of the rotor blades, then an elastic lift control device provides an elasticity to press the plate against the rotor blades, and the centrifugal force produced by the rotation of the vertical axis windmill counteracts the elasticity, so as to create an automatically adjustable, passively controlled and durable windmill.

Abstract: This disclosure provides for compositions and methods to increase the innate immunity of soybean plants.

Abstract: An image processing method combining compression and watermark techniques is provided. In the method, a block is taken as a unit, and two ordered dither arrays mutually conjugate are used to code an original image, so as to insert information of a watermark into the original image during the coding process. Accordingly, the method generates a compressed image gives consideration to the compression ratio, the image quality and the data safety. On the other hand, the method also provides a procedure to extract the watermark from the compressed image, in order to verify whether the compressed image has been modified illegally.

Abstract: A halftone image generation method used in a system including an image input module and a halftoning processing module for generating a halftone image is disclosed. First, an original image is received by the image input module and a dot diffusion process is performed to the original image to generate the halftone image using a first class matrix with a first size and a corresponding first diffused weighting matrix with a first diffused area size, wherein the first class matrix indicates a processing order of the dot diffusion process and the first class matrix with the first size, the first diffused area size and the corresponding first diffused weighting matrix with the first diffused area size are optimized results determined in advance by the halftoning processing module according to class matrixes of different sizes and diffused areas of different sizes.

Abstract: A mounting apparatus includes a bracket, a cage and a cushion. The bracket includes a mounting plate and two limiting plates located on the mounting plate. The cage is secured to the mounting plate and surrounds the two limiting plates. The cage includes a restricting piece. The two limiting plates are adapted to receive a data storage device. A plurality of cushions are interposed between the two limiting plates and the data storage device, in such manner that the data storage device is held captive in the cage but is protected from external jolts or physical shocks.

Abstract: An image data processing system includes an image input module, a bit map generation module and an encoding module. The image input module receives an image and secret information and obtains at least one gray-level image according to image. The bit map generation module generates a bit map image according to gray-level image and generates an ordered dithering block truncation coding (ODBTC) image according to bit map image and gray-level image. The encoding module generates an encoded gray-level image according to bit map image and secret information, wherein the encoding module divides gray-level image into image blocks, finds candidate blocks with close black and white pixel numbers among the image blocks, selects high frequency blocks belong to the high frequency region of the image from candidate blocks, and randomly embeds secret information into high frequency blocks to generate encoded gray-level image with secret information embedded therein.

Abstract: A fan assembly includes a bracket, a fan and a cage. The bracket includes a ventilation plate. The fan is received in the bracket and secured to the ventilation plate. The cage is received in the bracket and secured to the fan. The cage defines an opening and includes a plurality of pieces rotatably received in the opening. The plurality of pieces cover the opening. The cage further includes a plurality of limiting pieces extending from an inner surface of the opening. The pressure of moving air from the fan is capable of rotating the plurality of pieces, but any over-rotation of the plurality of pieces is prevented by the plurality of limiting pieces.

Abstract: A system for hiding secret data in halftone images is disclosed. The system includes an image input module, a halftoning processing module and an image output module. The image input module reads an original image data and a secret image data. The halftoning processing module is coupled to the image input module and receives the original image data and the secret image data, performs a first error diffusion process to the original image to generate a first halftone image and performs a second error diffusion process to the original image data and the secret image data to generate a second halftone image. The image output image module is coupled to the halftoning processing module and outputs the first halftone image and the second halftone image, wherein the second error diffusion process comprises adding or subtracting a variable noise strength to or from each pixel of the secret image.

Abstract: A blind wavelet-based watermarking method is provided to extract one or more embedded watermarks form one or more high subbands of a watermarked image generated by 1-level or 2 level wavelet transform. One or more least-mean-square (LMS) filters are trained to predict the data sets in the high subbands of an original image by converting a low subband of the watermarked image. Therefore, the one or more embedded watermarks could be extracted by comparing the predicted data sets in the high subbands with data sets in corresponding subbands of the watermarked image.

Abstract: An image compression method and a device thereof are provided. In the image compression method, a block image having a plurality of pixels is received. In the block image, an adjusted value of a first pixel is compared with a threshold value, and the adjusted value of the first pixel is accordingly quantized as a first parameter value or a second parameter value so as to obtain a quantized value of the first pixel. Next, an error value between the adjusted value of the first pixel and the quantized value of the first pixel is distributed to at least one second pixel adjacent to the first pixel according to an error diffusion kernel. The first pixel and the second pixel are respectively one of the above pixels. Therefore, the quality of the compressed image is improved and the influence of the blocking effect is reduced.

Abstract: A keypad assembly, comprising: a main body made of metal, the main body defining a plurality of slots and the slots enclosing a plurality of pressing buttons thereon, each pressing button defining at least one symbol slot, the main body having a contact surface and a operating surface; and a light-transmissive filling member, the filling member defining a plurality of protruding strips and the protruding strips enclosing a plurality of button areas thereon, each button area having at least one symbol block protruding therefrom, the filling member bonding to the contact surface with the protruding strips and the symbol blocks respectively engaging in the corresponding slots and the symbol slots. A method for making the present keypad assembly is also described.

Abstract: A digital halftoning method and a method for constructing a class tiling map are disclosed. The present invention utilizes to arrange class matrixes in a staggering form such that adjacent class matrixes exist a staggering shift. Also, the class tiling map is constructed in this way. Then, a dot diffusion procedure is performed to an original image with the class tiling map so as to generate a halftone image corresponding to the original image. The present invention is capable of solving the problem of a periodic appearance caused by traditional dot diffusion.

Abstract: The present invention provides a carbazole derivative of formula (I) for an organic electroluminescent device: wherein Y represents a heteroatom selected from N, O, P, S, or a bicyclic or tricyclic heterocyclic ring; and Ar1 and Ar2 each independently represent an alkyl or aryl substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon, or an alkyl or aryl substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.

Abstract: Techniques for inferring particle dynamics from certain data include determining multiple models for motion of particles in a biological sample. Each model includes a corresponding set of one or more parameters. Measured data is obtained based on measurements at one or more voxels of an imaging system sensitive to motion of particles in the biological sample; and, determining noise correlation of the measured data. Based at least in part on the noise correlation, a marginal likelihood is determined of the measured data given each model of the multiple models. A relative probability for each model is determined based on the marginal likelihood. Based at least in part on the relative probability for each model, a value is determined for at least one parameter of the set of one or more parameters corresponding to a selected model of the multiple models.

Abstract: A new class of photoactivatable dyes provides the ability to study cell-cell communication in live animals non-invasively with high spatiotemporal resolution. The compositions are made up of a macromolecule, a caging group, and a coumarin dye. Upon photolysis, the coumarin dye is released from the macromolecule caging group complex and is freely diffusible in cells and between cells. The compositions are retained in cells very well, having no observable side effects, no susceptibility to metabolism, and the ability to generate bright fluorescence signals after photolysis. Because of their high loading capacity and long cellular retention, they can be selectively uncaged in specific cells.

Abstract: An object detection method and an apparatus thereof are provided. In the object detection method, a plurality of images in an image sequence is sequentially received. When a current image is received, a latest background image is established by referring to the current image and the M images previous to the current image, so as to update one of N background images, wherein M and N are positive integers. Next, color models of the current image and the background images are analyzed to determine whether a pixel in the current image belongs to a foreground object. Accordingly, the accuracy in object detection is increased by instantly updating the background images.

Abstract: A mutual optimization method for class matrix and diffusion weighting used in a halftone image processing technique and a mutual optimization system thereof are provided. In the method, a mutual optimization of a plurality of diffusion weightings and a class matrix used in a dot diffusion process is performed based on a concept of simulated annealing in order to avoid converging to local solution, so as to ensure an image quality of a halftone image generated by the dot diffusion process. Besides, since the mutual optimization method is for a hexagonal class matrix, a block effect appearing in the halftone image can be significantly reduced.