Abstract: A near-infrared absorbing glass is provided and includes 10% to 40% by weight of phosphorus and 5% to 35% by weight of iron, where a molar ratio of phosphorus to iron (P/Fe) of the near-infrared absorbing glass is between 1.75 and 5, and the near-infrared absorbing glass has an average transmittance of less than 10% to light with wavelengths ranging from 930 nm to 950 nm. A near-infrared cut-off filter including the near-infrared absorbing glass is also provided.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a golf club head having an embedded heterogeneous material includes preparing a shell mold having a cavity and a functional member embedded into the shell mold via an embedded portion, filling the cavity with a metal liquid to completely dip the non-embedded portion of the functional member in the metal liquid; breaking the shell mold to obtain a cast product, separating the golf club head cast member from the cast product to obtain a semi-finished golf club head having a casting material and a heterogeneous material, and pressing the casting material of the semi-finished golf club head to securely engage the casting material with the heterogeneous material. The functional member includes a non-embedded portion connected to the embedded portion and located in the cavity. The cast product includes a golf club head cast member.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing solar cell includes providing a semiconductor substrate. A coating layer is then formed on a plurality of sides. Subsequently, an anti-reflective layer is formed on the layer. Finally at least one first electrode and at least one second electrode are formed. The first and second electrodes respectively and electrically connect to the second conductive amorphous substrate and the semiconductor substrate. The potential induced degradation is greatly reduced.

Abstract: The present invention provides a casting and pressing method for manufacturing a golf club head having an embedded heterogeneous material to enhance the engagement between a cast material and the heterogeneous material.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting light-induced degradation of a photovoltaic device includes steps of: a) subjecting the photovoltaic device to an illumination treatment using a light having a wavelength not less than 300 nm to heat the photovoltaic device in the absence of ambient light; and b) maintaining the temperature of the photovoltaic device above an annealing temperature of the photovoltaic device for at least 0.5 minute. An apparatus for inhibiting light-induced degradation of a photovoltaic device is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides a photovoltaic device and method of manufacturing the same. The photovoltaic device of the invention includes a semiconductor structure assembly and a protection layer. The semiconductor structure assembly has a plurality of side surfaces, and includes a p-n junction, an n-p junction, a p-i-n junction, an n-i-p junction, a tandem junction or a multi-junction. In particular, the protection layer is formed to overlay the sides of the semiconductor structure assembly. Thereby, the protection layer can effectively inhibit the potential-induced degradation effect of the photovoltaic device of the invention.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing solar cell includes providing a semiconductor substrate. A coating layer is then formed on a plurality of sides. Subsequently, an anti-reflective layer is formed on the layer. Finally at least one first electrode and at least one second electrode are formed. The first and second electrodes respectively and electrically connect to the second conductive amorphous substrate and the semiconductor substrate. The potential induced degradation is greatly reduced.