Abstract: Multicore optical fibers with low bend loss, low cross-talk, and large mode field diameters In some embodiments a circular multicore optical fiber includes a glass matrix; at least 3 cores arranged within the glass matrix, wherein any two cores have a core center to core center spacing of less than 29 microns; and a plurality of trench layers positioned between a corresponding core and the glass matrix, each trench layer having an outer radius of less than or equal to 14 microns and a trench volume of greater than 50% ? micron2; wherein the optical fiber has a mode field diameter of greater than about 8.2 microns at 1310 nm, and wherein the optical fiber has an outer diameter of less than about 130 microns.

Abstract: An optical fiber sensor with high sensitivity and high spatial resolution is described. The optical fiber sensor includes a multicore fiber having cores configured to permit crosstalk between cores. Crosstalk corresponds to transfer of an optical signal from a core to another core and is used as a mechanism for sensing the external environment surrounding the multicore optical fiber. The degree of crosstalk depends on the relative refractive index profile of the cores and surrounding cladding, as well as on the spacing between cores. The external environment surrounding the multicore optical fiber and changes therein influence crosstalk between cores to permit sensing. The relative refractive index profiles of the cores are also configured to provide a group delay difference for optical signals propagating in different cores. The group delay difference facilitates the position of an external perturbation along the length of the multicore optical fiber.

Abstract: A rollable optical fiber ribbon utilizing low attenuation, bend insensitive fibers and cables incorporating such rollable ribbons are provided. The optical fibers are supported by a ribbon body, and the ribbon body is formed from a flexible material such that the optical fibers are reversibly movable from an unrolled position to a rolled position. The optical fibers have a large mode filed diameter, such as ?9 microns at 1310 nm facilitating low attenuation splicing/connectorization. The optical fibers are also highly bend insensitive, such as having a macrobend loss of ?0.5 dB/turn at 1550 nm for a mandrel diameter of 15 mm.

Abstract: An anti-resonant hollow core optical fiber preform that includes an outer cladding, a plurality of structural tubes, and a central support tube. The outer cladding has a length, a central longitudinal axis, and a hollow interior. The plurality of structural tubes are disposed within the hollow interior of the outer cladding, the plurality of structural tubes each having a length that extends the length of the outer cladding. And the central support tube is disposed within the hollow interior of the outer cladding such that the plurality of structural tubes are disposed radially outward of the central support tube, the central support tube having a length that extends along the central longitudinal axis of the outer cladding. Furthermore, the length of the central support tube is less than the length of the outer cladding.

Abstract: A quantum communication system that includes a multiphoton entanglement generator, a plurality of photon detector units, and a plurality of optical fiber links. The plurality of photon detector units include a first photon detector unit and a second photon detector unit. The multiphoton entanglement generator is structurally configured to output more than two entangled photons. The plurality of optical fiber links comprise a first optical fiber link optically coupled to the multiphoton entanglement generator and disposed between the multiphoton entanglement generator and the first photon detector unit. The plurality of optical fiber links comprise a second optical fiber link optically coupled to the multiphoton entanglement generator and disposed between the multiphoton entanglement generator and the second photon detector unit. Further, at least one of the plurality of optical fiber links has a core, a cladding, and a scattering region having a plurality of scattering structures.

Abstract: A method for forming an optical glass preform from a soot preform is provided. The method includes forming a soot preform, placing the soot preform in a furnace, and applying a vacuum through a centerline hole of the soot preform.

Abstract: A process for forming glass planar waveguide structure includes producing or obtaining a fusion drawn glass laminate (10) comprising a core glass layer (10) and a first clad glass layer (14) and a second clad glass layer (16) then removing or thinning portions of at least the second glass clad layer (16) leaving remaining or thicker portions of the second glass clad layer (16), the remaining or thicker portions corresponding to a planar waveguide pattern and resulting in a glass planar waveguide structure.

Abstract: An article includes an optical transforming layer and a guide region positioned inside and adjacent to at least a portion of a perimeter of the optical transforming layer. The guide region comprises an inlet end positioned adjacent to a first surface of the optical transforming layer and an outlet end positioned adjacent a second surface of the optical transforming layer. The guide region propagates light from the inlet end to the outlet end such that the light is directed from the first surface to the second surface. The guide region includes a phase-separated glass comprising a continuous network phase and a discontinuous phase. A relative difference in index of refraction between the continuous network phase and the discontinuous phase is greater than or equal to 0.3%. The discontinuous phase comprises elongated shaped regions aligned along a common axis and having an aspect ratio greater than or equal to 10:1.

Abstract: An optical fiber can include a core comprising silica co-doped with nitrogen and chlorine and an outer cladding surrounding the core. In some aspects, the core can be characterized by an annealing temperature of less than or equal to about 1150° C. and/or the core can include a relative refractive index ?core in a range of from about 0.15% to about 0.45%.

Abstract: A rollable optical fiber ribbon utilizing low attenuation, bend insensitive fibers and cables incorporating such rollable ribbons are provided. The optical fibers are supported by a ribbon body, and the ribbon body is formed from a flexible material such that the optical fibers are reversibly movable from an unrolled position to a rolled position. The optical fibers have a large mode filed diameter, such as ?9 microns at 1310 nm facilitating low attenuation splicing/connectorization. The optical fibers are also highly bend insensitive, such as having a macrobend loss of ?0.5 dB/turn at 1550 nm for a mandrel diameter of 15 mm.

Abstract: According to embodiments, a method of making a microstructured glass article includes bundling M bare optical fibers in a fiber bundle, wherein M is an integer greater than 100. Thereafter, the fiber bundle may be inserted in a cavity of a soot preform. The soot preform may have a density of less than or equal to 1.5 g/cm3 and comprise silica-based glass soot. The soot preform and inserted fiber bundle may then be consolidated to form a microstructured glass article preform. The microstructured glass article preform may then be drawn into the microstructured glass article comprising M core elements embedded in a cladding matrix.

Abstract: A multicore optical fiber includes two or more cores, a common interior cladding surrounding the two or more cores, and a common exterior cladding surrounding the common interior cladding. The common exterior cladding has a lower relative refractive index than the common interior cladding and reduces tunneling losses from the cores. The reduced tunneling loss allows placement of cores closer to the edge of the fiber, thus providing multicore optical fibers having higher core count for a given fiber diameter. Separation between cores is controlled to minimize crosstalk.

Abstract: The glass-based THz optical waveguides (10) disclosed herein are used to guide optical signals having a THz frequency in the range from 0.1 THz to (10) THz and include a core (20) surrounded by a cladding (30). The core has a diameter D1 in the range from (30) ?m to 10 mm and is made of fused silica glass having a refractive index n1. The cladding is made of either a polymer or a glass or glass soot and has a refractive index n2<n1 and an outer diameter D2 in the range from 100 ?m to 12 mm. The THz optical waveguides can be formed using processes that are extensions of either fiber, ceramic and soot-based technologies. In an example, the THz waveguides have a dielectric loss Df<0.005 at 100 GHz.

Abstract: A double-sided vibrating speaker includes a magnet member, a first vibration member and a second vibration member. The magnet member has a main magnetic unit, a first magnetic unit and a second magnetic unit, the main magnetic unit has a main magnetic plate and two side magnetic plates, the main magnetic plate has air vents, each the side magnetic plate is provided on two sides of the main magnetic plate, the main magnetic unit forms an H-shape. The first vibration member is disposed on one surface of the magnet member, the second vibration member is disposed on another surface of the magnet member.

Abstract: The disclosure provides optical fibers that exhibit low macrobend loss at 1550 nm at bend diameters between 10 mm and 40 mm. The relative refractive index profile of the fibers includes a trench cladding region with small depth, large width and a trench volume configured to minimize macrobend loss at large and small bend diameters. The optical fiber includes an outer cladding region that surrounds and is directly adjacent to the trench cladding region and an optional offset cladding region between the trench cladding region and the core region. In some embodiments, the trench cladding region has a relative refractive index that decreases monotonically from the inner radius to the outer radius. The monotonic decrease in relative refractive index may have a constant slope. The low macrobend loss at large and small diameters makes the optical fibers well suited for space-constrained deployment environments, such as data centers.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of an illuminator for disinfecting a surface. The surface defines a first plane. The illuminator includes a line emitter configured to emit light in a continuous line along at least a portion of at least one edge of the surface. The light has a peak wavelength in a range of 100 nm to 400 nm. The illuminator also includes a curved reflector surface and an exit aperture defining a second plane transverse to the first plane. The line emitter is positioned between the curved reflector surface and the exit aperture, and the curved reflector surface is configured to redirect the light from the line emitter through the exit aperture across the surface.

Abstract: A quantum communications system includes a quantum key generation system having a photonic quantum bit generator, a low loss dispersion limiting fiber having a length L, for example greater than 200 km, and a photon detector unit and a communications network having a signal generator, a signal channel, and a signal receiver. The low loss dispersion limiting fiber extends between and optically couples the photonic quantum bit generator and the photon detector unit. Further, the low loss dispersion limiting fiber is structurally configured to limit dispersion at an absolute dispersion rate of about 9 ps/(nm)km or less, and preferably 0.5 ps/(nm)km or less, and induce attenuation at an attenuation rate of about 0.175 dB/km or less such that the quantum key bit information of a plurality of photons output by the one or more photonic quantum bit generators is receivable at the photon detector unit at a bit rate of at least 10 Gbit/sec.

Abstract: A rollable optical fiber ribbon utilizing low attenuation, bend insensitive fibers and cables incorporating such rollable ribbons are provided. The optical fibers are supported by a ribbon body, and the ribbon body is formed from a flexible material such that the optical fibers are reversibly movable from an unrolled position to a rolled position. The optical fibers have a large mode filed diameter, such as ?9 microns at 1310 nm facilitating low attenuation splicing/connectorization. The optical fibers are also highly bend insensitive, such as having a macrobend loss of ?0.5 dB/turn at 1550 nm for a mandrel diameter of 15 mm.

Abstract: A multicore optical fiber includes two or more cores, a common interior cladding surrounding the two or more cores, and a common exterior cladding surrounding the common interior cladding. The common exterior cladding has a lower relative refractive index than the common interior cladding and reduces tunneling losses from the cores. The reduced tunneling loss allows placement of cores closer to the edge of the fiber, thus providing multicore optical fibers having higher core count for a given fiber diameter. Separation between cores is controlled to minimize crosstalk.

Abstract: The THz waveguides disclosed herein are used to transmit signals having a THz frequency in the range from 0.1 THz to 10 THz and include an alumina core surrounded by an optional cladding. The core may have a diameter (D1) in the range from 10 ?m to 500 ?m and may be comprised of a ceramic ribbon having a dielectric constant (Dk). The optional cladding may have a dielectric constant (Dk) less than the core. The THz waveguides can be formed using a continuous firing process and nano-perforation technology that enables access to a wide form factor range. In one example, rectangular waveguides, or ribbons, may be fabricated in the 10 ?m to 200 ?m thick range at widths in the range from sub-millimeters to several meters and lengths in the range from millimeters to several hundred meters.