Abstract: A lithium-ion battery cell is preconditioned using an initial, one-time process of cell formation at an elevated temperature, or after cell formation, charge/discharge cycling for a predetermined number of cycles within a specified period of time at an elevated temperature prior to being placed in service. The process may be performed as part of manufacturing during cell formation after electrolyte filling and pre-charging. Alternatively, the pre-conditioning process may be performed after assembly of finished cells within a multi-cell battery, either before or after installation of the battery in a product, but before the battery is subjected to harsh conditions, such as fast charging and/or discharging at low temperature. An electrified vehicle may include an electric machine powered by a multi-cell lithium-ion battery preconditioned according to the initial, one-time process.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a parallel inversion method and system for a ground-based transient electromagnetic (TEM) method. The method includes acquiring observed TEM response data; dividing an inversion domain into unstructured tetrahedral grids and set a conductivity value, and constructing an initial inversion model and a regularized objective function; calculating the product of the sensitivity matrix and vector of the model parameters; converting the objective function into a least-squares problem by using the Gauss-Newton method, obtaining the model update direction, and using line search to obtain the optimal model update step length to update the inversion model; performing 3D TEM forward modeling based on the vector finite element method, and obtaining the predicted TEM response data; using the normalized error to evaluate the fit between the predicted TEM response data and the observed TEM response data; if the normalized fit difference reaches a preset threshold, the inversion method is terminated.

Abstract: Battery charging systems and methods are disclosed for influencing battery cell cycle life by varying a compression force applied to the battery cells during charging events. An exemplary battery charging system may include a battery array, a compression device configured to apply a compression force to the battery array during a charging event, and a control module.

Abstract: A method of producing a lithium-ion battery includes filling at least one cell of the battery with an electrolyte followed directly with a first step of sealing the at least one cell and a second step of applying pulsating compression to the at least one cell during formation charging, the pulsating compression comprising alternating a first time period of applying a first compression force F1 greater than zero and a second time period of applying a second compression force F2, wherein F1 > F2, and the formation charging includes a first charge of the battery.

Abstract: A method of producing a lithium-ion battery includes filling at least one cell of the battery with an electrolyte followed directly with a first step of sealing the at least one cell and a second step of applying pulsating compression to the at least one cell during formation charging, the pulsating compression comprising alternating a first time period of applying a first compression force F1 greater than zero and a second time period of applying a second compression force F2, wherein F1>F2, and the formation charging includes a first charge of the battery.

Abstract: A method for charging a traction battery of an electric vehicle includes, in response to a request to charge a traction battery, initially discharging the traction battery, for a first duration of time, according to a discharge stage having a constant power; subsequently charging the traction battery, for a second duration of time, according to a charge stage having a constant current; and repeating the discharge stage and the charge stage in sequence until the battery is charged.

Abstract: A method of producing a lithium-ion battery includes filling at least one cell of the battery with an electrolyte followed directly with a first step of sealing the at least one cell and a second step of applying pulsating compression to the at least one cell during formation charging, the pulsating compression comprising alternating a first time period of applying a first compression force F1 greater than zero and a second time period of applying a second compression force F2, wherein F1>F2, and the formation charging includes a first charge of the battery.

Abstract: A method for charging a traction battery of an electric vehicle includes, in response to a request to charge a traction battery, initially discharging the traction battery, for a first duration of time, according to a discharge stage having a constant power; subsequently charging the traction battery, for a second duration of time, according to a charge stage having a constant current; and repeating the discharge stage and the charge stage in sequence until the battery is charged.

Abstract: This disclosure describes exemplary charging systems and methods for fast charging energy storage devices (e.g., battery cells of battery packs). An exemplary charging system may be configured to control charging of a charging circuit by employing repetitive intermittent discharge pulses. The control system may be configured to command the charging circuit to apply a discharge pulse current to the battery cell for a first time period, apply a charging current to the battery cell for a second time period that is significantly longer than the first time period, and then repetitively alternate between applying the discharge pulse current and the charging current until the battery cell reaches a predefined maximum voltage.

Abstract: The invention provides an application of a nano RNAi preparation in PVY prevention and control, belongs to the field of genetic engineering and application thereof, and can solve the problem of the nano RNAi preparation in PVY virus prevention and control. The RNAi preparation is prepared from dsRNA and chitosan nano materials, wherein the dsRNA is prepared from three gene capsid proteins CP, auxiliary components-protease HC-Pro and genome connexin VPg, and the dsRNA plays a key role in replication, proliferation and movement of PVY virus in plants. The nano RNAi preparation provided by the invention is used for virus prevention and control of PVY, so that the stability of dsRNA is stronger, the effect is longer, a good virus prevention and control effect can be achieved, and the nano RNAi preparation has a good application prospect in the field of PVY virus prevention and control.

Abstract: This disclosure describes exemplary charging systems and methods for fast charging energy storage devices (e.g., battery cells of battery packs). An exemplary charging system may be configured to control charging of a charging circuit by employing repetitive intermittent discharge pulses. The control system may be configured to command the charging circuit to apply a discharge pulse current to the battery cell for a first time period, apply a charging current to the battery cell for a second time period that is significantly longer than the first time period, and then repetitively alternate between applying the discharge pulse current and the charging current until the battery cell reaches a predefined maximum voltage.

Abstract: An electrolyte solution for a lithium sulfur battery contains a lithium oxalatoborate compound in a 0.05-2 M solution in conventional lithium sulfur battery electrolyte solvents, optionally with other lithium compounds. Examples of solvents include dimethoxyethane (DME), dioxolane, and triethyleneglycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME). Electrochemical cells contain a lithium anode, a sulfur-containing cathode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte containing the lithium oxalatoborate compound. Lithium sulfur batteries contain a casing enclosing a plurality of the cells.

Abstract: An electrolyte solution for a lithium sulfur battery contains a lithium oxalatoborate compound in a 0.05-2 M solution in conventional lithium sulfur battery electrolyte solvents, optionally with other lithium compounds. Examples of solvents include dimethoxyethane (DME), dioxolane, and triethyleneglycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME). Electrochemical cells contain a lithium anode, a sulfur-containing cathode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte containing the lithium oxalatoborate compound. Lithium sulfur batteries contain a casing enclosing a plurality of the cells.