Abstract: The present invention belongs to the field of aviation compressor control, and relates to an aviation compressor active stabilization control method based on disturbance observation and compensation. Modeling errors and external disturbances of models used in design of a controller are observed, and sub-controllers are individually designed for state variables of interest to compensate for the disturbances, thus to simultaneously solve the problems of rotating stall and surge of an aviation compressor in a variety of complex situations.