Abstract: A semiconductor device and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate, active devices and transparent conductive patterns. The active devices are formed on the semiconductor substrate. The transparent conductive patterns are formed over the active devices and electrically connected to the active devices. The transparent conductive patterns are made of a metal oxide material. The metal oxide material has a first crystalline phase with a prefer growth plane rich in oxygen vacancy, and has a second crystalline phase with a prefer growth plane poor in oxygen vacancy.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is provided. The semiconductor device includes a substrate having a surface. The semiconductor device includes a conductive pad over a portion of the surface. The conductive pad has a curved top surface, and a width of the conductive pad increases toward the substrate. The semiconductor device includes a device over the conductive pad. The semiconductor device includes a solder layer between the device and the conductive pad. The solder layer covers the curved top surface of the conductive pad, and the conductive pad extends into the solder layer.

Abstract: A micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) includes a circuit substrate comprising electronic circuitry, a support substrate having a recess, a bonding layer disposed between the circuit substrate and the support substrate, through holes passing through the circuit substrate to the recess, a first conductive layer disposed on a front side of the circuit substrate, and a second conductive layer disposed on an inner wall of the recess. The first conductive layer extends into the through holes and the second conductive layer extends into the through holes and coupled to the first conductive layer.

Abstract: A household appliances control system includes an information server comprising a main database, a line detection module, and a wireless module; device servers comprising a device database, a device detection module, a control module, and a wireless module and connected to the information server wirelessly or by wire; a control setting device connected to each of the device servers wirelessly or by wire; a wall mounted control connected to each of the device servers wirelessly or by wire; a voice control connected to each of the device servers wirelessly or by wire; a remote control connected to each of the device servers wirelessly; sensors connected to each of the device servers wirelessly or by wire; and household appliances connected to each of the device servers wirelessly or by wire. A household appliances control method is also provided.

Abstract: A control method for an electric power transmission line based network including network sections each having a monitor and at least one device group, each device group having at least one input device and at least one output device, each input or output device having a set switch comprising transmitting a packet from one device to another device of the same device group over the network section containing the device group wherein the set switch of the device may set itself to belong to one device group, all devices have a right of controlling the network with different priorities, the packet transmission is performed after the device transmitting the packet having controlled the network if the priority thereof is the highest among the activated devices, and the remaining devices in the same network section may read the packet.

Abstract: An electric power transmission system for communications includes on/off switches; high-voltage power assemblies; groups of high-voltage devices each being powered by the high-voltage power assembly; a carrier waves communications network comprising a transformer and filter, a filter, and a carrier waves coupling device interconnecting the transformer and filter and the filter, wherein the transformer and filter includes a low-voltage power assembly for communications and the filter includes a high-voltage power assembly for communications; and low and high-voltage devices. Data can be communicated between the low-voltage devices, between the high-voltage devices, or between the low-voltage device and the high-voltage device by transmitting carrier waves over the AC power.

Abstract: A household appliances control system includes an information server comprising a main database, a line detection module, and a wireless module; device servers comprising a device database, a device detection module, a control module, and a wireless module and connected to the information server wirelessly or by wire; a control setting device connected to each of the device servers wirelessly or by wire; a wall mounted control connected to each of the device servers wirelessly or by wire; a voice control connected to each of the device servers wirelessly or by wire; a remote control connected to each of the device servers wirelessly; sensors connected to each of the device servers wirelessly or by wire; and household appliances connected to each of the device servers wirelessly or by wire. A household appliances control method is also provided.

Abstract: A remote control for consumer electronic device in one embodiment includes a passive RFID tag so as to be powered by its own rechargeable battery in operation, and a Zigbee arrangement so as to be aligned with future trend with respect to wireless transmission.

Abstract: An electric power transmission system for communications includes on/off switches; high-voltage power assemblies; groups of high-voltage devices each being powered by the high-voltage power assembly; a carrier waves communications network comprising a transformer and filter, a filter, and a carrier waves coupling device interconnecting the transformer and filter and the filter, wherein the transformer and filter includes a low-voltage power assembly for communications and the filter includes a high-voltage power assembly for communications; and low and high-voltage devices. Data can be communicated between the low-voltage devices, between the high-voltage devices, or between the low-voltage device and the high-voltage device by transmitting carrier waves over the AC power.

Abstract: A fixture for testing the strength of a resistance spot weld connecting two test strips comprises two identical clamping frames, each having releasable clamps for gripping and holding one of the test strips. A pull bar is mounted on each clamping frame in any one of several selected angular positions. The pull bars are aligned with one another and then grasped by a pulling mechanism to apply a separating force on the two strips. The arrangement is such that the line of the separating force passes through the weld.