Abstract: Provided are anti-infection effects of a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2B1 (hnRNPA2B1) and use thereof. In particular, provided are use of hnRNPA2B1, a nucleic acid molecule encoding the protein, and an accelerator thereof or an inhibitor thereof in the preparation of a product for preventing and/or treating infectious diseases and/or diseases and/or conditions associated with infection, and a corresponding pharmaceutical composition or kit thereof. The present disclosure can be used for preventing and inhibiting infections (such as virus infections) and diagnosing and treating autoimmune diseases related to self-nucleic acids, and has wide application prospects.