Abstract: An imaging module or a camera module includes a lens assembly and an image sensor. Molding compound such as epoxy molding compound (EMC) is disposed around the image sensor to shield ambient light from becoming incident onto the image sensor.

Abstract: A lens assembly includes a plurality of optical elements. A stop of the lens assembly is positioned in front of a second optical element in the plurality of optical elements.

Abstract: A method of generating surface plasmon resonance using excitation light directed at a thin metal film by a micromirror is described. A method that uses excitation light directed at a thin metal film by a micromirror scanner device is also described. A surface plasmon resonance imager is described comprising a micromirror that directs light to the surface of a thin metal film. Another method is described, comprising: a) directing light toward a thin metal film using a micromirror and b) detecting dynamic chemical events at or near the surface of the thin metal film. The dynamic events may be, for example, a fluidic change or a binding event.

Abstract: A system and method provides for chemical and/or biochemical analysis using a microarray interrogated by a resonantly scanned beam of light.

Abstract: The confocal imaging system and method involve the imaging of a specimen under observation by projecting a light pattern of illumination spots simultaneously on the specimen. This is accomplished by a pattern array unit which transforms light from a light source into a desired pattern of illumination spots, and reflects or rejects light outside the pattern. Light detected from the specimen is confined to a pattern conforming to the pattern of the illumination spots by the same pattern array unit which rejects light beyond the pattern, and rejected light from the pattern array unit is transmitted back to the light source. Image signals are created from the received light and stored, and the stored image signals are combined to form a complete image frame.

Abstract: A five step method is used to produce an optical wave. The first step is to pick the desired far field pattern of the diffractive optical wave. The second step entails transforming the desired far field pattern to the desired source using a fast fourier transform (FFT). In the third step we use the formula exp[j.phi..sub.i (.sigma..sub.i)]=A.sub.i exp(j.phi..sub.i) to find the standard deviation .sigma..sub.i for each pixel i that produces the desired/average amplitude. Next, we use a pseudo-random number generator to select phases .phi..sub.i from distributions of standard deviation .sigma..sub.i for each pixel. Finally, we check the solution with the FFT and our analyses of performance.