Abstract: Provided are memristors and neuromorphic devices including the memristors. A memristor includes a lower electrode and an upper electrode that are apart from each other and first and second two-dimensional material layers that are arranged between the lower electrode and the upper electrode and stacked without a chemical bond therebetween.

Abstract: An electronic device and method are disclosed herein. The electronic device includes a display, a printed circuit board (PCB) disposed below the display and having a first surface facing the display, a biometric sensor disposed on the first surface of the PCB and configured to measure a biometric signal related to a heartbeat, a pressure sensor disposed below the display and configured to generate a pressure signal based on measuring a pressure applied to the display, a processor. The processor implements the method, including measuring, by the biometric sensor, the biometric signal, measuring, by the pressure sensor, the pressure applied to the display, calculating biometric information related to a heartbeat by interlinking the biometric signal and the pressure signal, and outputting the calculated biometric information to the display.

Abstract: An electronic device may include: a housing; a display configured to be viewed through a first portion of the housing; a photoplethysmogram sensor exposed through a second portion of the housing and configured to measure a biometric signal from a body part of a user while being in contact with the body part of the user; a fastening structure connected to the housing and configured to be attached to the body part of the user; a wireless communication circuit; a processor provided inside the housing and operatively connected to the display, the photoplethysmogram sensor, and the wireless communication circuit; and a memory operatively connected to the processor. The memory stores instructions, when executed, to allow the processor to: receive data from the photoplethysmogram sensor; determine a first parameter; determine a distance between the body part of the user and the fastening structure; and provide user guidance information on the display.

Abstract: Provided is an electronic device including a housing; a battery; a user interface; a photoplethysmogram (PPG) sensor including a light receiving module exposed through a portion of the housing, at least one light emitting diode (LED), and at least one photodiode; a processor operatively connected to the battery, the user interface, and the PPG sensor; and a memory. According to an embodiment, the memory stores instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to determine whether the PPG sensor is facing a surface of an external object having a reference color, determine whether to perform a test of the PPG sensor based on whether the PPG sensor is facing the surface, receive data from the PPG sensor by operating the PPG sensor in response to determining to perform the test, and perform calibration of the PPG sensor based on at least a portion of the received data. Other embodiments are possible.

Abstract: A wearable electronic device is disclosed, including a housing including a front plate and a rear plate, three or more rear-side electrodes disposed on the rear plate, a biometric signal processing circuit disposed within the housing, and a processor disposed within the housing and operatively connected to the biometric signal processing circuit. The processor is configured to: based on first information, execute an electrode combining operation by setting at least one rear-side electrode as a first electrode set, and setting at least one other rear-side electrode as a second electrode set, determine whether to execute a recombination operation of the three or more rear-side electrodes based on second information, and detect biometric information using the first electrode set and the second electrode set.

Abstract: An electronic device and method are disclosed herein. The electronic device includes a display, a printed circuit board (PCB) disposed below the display and having a first surface facing the display, a biometric sensor disposed on the first surface of the PCB and configured to measure a biometric signal related to a heartbeat, a pressure sensor disposed below the display and configured to generate a pressure signal based on measuring a pressure applied to the display, a processor. The processor implements the method, including measuring, by the biometric sensor, the biometric signal, measuring, by the pressure sensor, the pressure applied to the display, calculating biometric information related to a heartbeat by interlinking the biometric signal and the pressure signal, and outputting the calculated biometric information to the display.

Abstract: Provided is an electronic device including a housing; a battery; a user interface; a photoplethysmogram (PPG) sensor including a light receiving module exposed through a portion of the housing, at least one light emitting diode (LED), and at least one photodiode; a processor operatively connected to the battery, the user interface, and the PPG sensor; and a memory. According to an embodiment, the memory stores instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to determine whether the PPG sensor is facing a surface of an external object having a reference color, determine whether to perform a test of the PPG sensor based on whether the PPG sensor is facing the surface, receive data from the PPG sensor by operating the PPG sensor in response to determining to perform the test, and perform calibration of the PPG sensor based on at least a portion of the received data. Other embodiments are possible.

Abstract: An electronic device may include: a housing; a display configured to be viewed through a first portion of the housing; a photoplethysmogram sensor exposed through a second portion of the housing and configured to measure a biometric signal from a body part of a user while being in contact with the body part of the user; a fastening structure connected to the housing and configured to be attached to the body part of the user; a wireless communication circuit; a processor provided inside the housing and operatively connected to the display, the photoplethysmogram sensor, and the wireless communication circuit; and a memory operatively connected to the processor. The memory stores instructions, when executed, to allow the processor to: receive data from the photoplethysmogram sensor; determine a first parameter; determine a distance between the body part of the user and the fastening structure; and provide user guidance information on the display.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a housing, light emitting diodes (LEDs) of a first number, photodetectors of a second number, and a control circuit operatively connected to the LEDs and the photodetectors. The control circuit is configured to cause the LEDs of a third number to emit light sequentially or simultaneously and to cause the photodetectors of a fourth number to detect light from the LEDs of the third number. The third number is 1 or 2. The fourth number is one of an integer that is not less than 2 and is not greater than the second number.

Abstract: An electronic device for obtaining biological information and a method therefor are provided. The electronic device includes a biometric sensor module including a light emitting module including a first light emitting element having a first attribute and a second light emitting element having a second attribute and light receiving modules disposed adjacent to the light emitting modules, and at least one processor. The at least one processor is configured to determine a distance between the biometric sensor module and an external object based on at least reflected light reflected by collision with the external object among light output from the light emitting module, select at least one of the first light emitting element or the second light emitting element based on the distance, and obtain biometric information about the external object using the selected light emitting element.