Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a non-transitory storage medium for storing program code and a method of executing an artificial intelligence (AI) pipeline non-fungible token (NFT). The program code is executed by a hardware processor to mint a blockchain-based NFT including ownership information of the AI pipeline, request an execution of the program code performing a predetermined function in an event node executing the AI pipeline according to a request of execution of an NFT owner, connect to at least one worker node to execute a target AI pipeline of the NFT, receive an execution result value of the worker node to record a proof-of-work for the execution result value in the event node, and collect the execution result value of the worker node on which the proof-of-work is performed is performed to change a blockchain state.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for configuring a bandwidth for supporting a broadband carrier in a communication system. An operation method of a base station comprises the steps of: configuring a first bandwidth part and a second bandwidth part for a terminal; configuring a reserved resource for the first bandwidth part in a resource area in which the first bandwidth part and the second bandwidth part overlap; and performing an operation of transmitting or receiving a second data channel, which is scheduled to the second bandwidth part, together with the terminal by using the reserved resource. Therefore, the performance of the communication system can be improved.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for transmitting or receiving a control channel in a communication system. A method for transmitting control information by a base station includes: configuring a control resource set including a plurality of REGs; interleaving, on a frequency axis, the plurality of REGs included in the control resource set; configuring an REG pool including at least two interleaved REGs; configuring at least one CCE in the REG pool; and transmitting control information through a search space configured by the at least one CCE. Therefore, the present invention can improve performance of a communication system.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting or receiving a control channel in a communication system. A method for transmitting control information by a base station includes: configuring a control resource set including a plurality of REGs; interleaving, on a frequency axis, the plurality of REGs included in the control resource set; configuring an REG pool including at least two interleaved REGs; configuring at least one CCE in the REG pool; and transmitting control information through a search space configured by the at least one CCE. Therefore, the present invention improves performance of a communication system.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for configuring a bandwidth for supporting a broadband carrier in a communication system. An operation method of a base station comprises the steps of: configuring a first bandwidth part and a second bandwidth part for a terminal; configuring a reserved resource for the first bandwidth part in a resource area in which the first bandwidth part and the second bandwidth part overlap; and performing an operation of transmitting or receiving a second data channel, which is scheduled to the second bandwidth part, together with the terminal by using the reserved resource. Therefore, the performance of the communication system can be improved.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a positive electrode for a lithium secondary battery includes: (S1) forming a positive electrode active material layer by applying a positive electrode slurry composition comprising lithium iron phosphate and a binder onto a current collector and drying it; (S2) rolling a positive electrode active material layer N times (N is an integer greater than or equal to 2). In the rolling step during the first rolling, the rate of change in thickness of a positive electrode active material layer according to Equation 1 below is 5% to 15%, and during subsequent rolling, the rate of change in thickness of a positive electrode active material layer according to Equation 1 below is 3.5% or less.

Abstract: According to various embodiments, an electronic device for classifying a road surface using a sound signal and a road surface classification method using the same are disclosed. In addition, a device and method for managing a road surface through road surface classification are disclosed. Meanwhile, a method for installing an infrastructure for implementing a road surface classification method is disclosed. Other various embodiments are possible.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for estimating a road surface type by using an ultrasonic signal and, more particularly, to a method for estimating a road surface type by using an artificial neural network model machine-learned with respect to a reflected ultrasonic signal and an apparatus for performing same. According to the present invention, provided are a method and apparatus for providing highly accurate road surface information at low cost, by machine-learning both characteristics of an ultrasonic signal reflected from a road surface and a road surface state, establishing a model between the two, and then estimating the type of the road surface by utilizing the model. In particular, even a road surface where thin ice, that is, black ice, is formed, which was not detectable in the conventional method for estimating a road-surface friction coefficient, may be accurately estimated, thereby contributing to safer driving.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a positive electrode for a lithium secondary battery includes: a step of preparing a positive electrode in which a positive electrode active material layer including a lithium iron phosphate formed on a current collector; and a step of adsorbing an organic solvent to the positive electrode active material layer, the organic solvent including one or more of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), acetone, ethanol, propylene carbonate, ethylmethyl carbonate, ethylene carbonate, and dimethyl carbonate.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for beam failure recovery in a communication system. The method for beam failure recovery includes the steps of: searching for a plurality of candidate beams when a beam failure is detected; transmitting a beam failure recovery request signal to a base station by using beam #1 of the plurality of candidate beams; receiving a beam failure recovery response signal in response to the beam failure recovery request signal via beam #1 from the base station; and transmitting an SR requesting a resource for transmission of multi-beam setting information to the base station, wherein the multi-beam setting information includes indexes of one or more beams excluding beam #1 of the plurality of candidate beams. Therefore, performance of the communication system can be improved.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for configuring a bandwidth for supporting a broadband carrier in a communication system. An operation method of a base station comprises the steps of: configuring a first bandwidth part and a second bandwidth part for a terminal; configuring a reserved resource for the first bandwidth part in a resource area in which the first bandwidth part and the second bandwidth part overlap; and performing an operation of transmitting or receiving a second data channel, which is scheduled to the second bandwidth part, together with the terminal by using the reserved resource. Therefore, the performance of the communication system can be improved.

Abstract: A method for receiving a PDCCH by a terminal in a mobile communication system may comprise the steps of: receiving a first PDCCH including first DCI from a base station through a first PDCCH search space; and receiving a second PDCCH including second DCI from the base station through a second PDCCH search space, wherein the first DCI and second DCI are for scheduling the same PDSCH for the same TB or TBs associated with the same HARQ process, are for scheduling different PDSCHs for the same TB or TBs associated with the same HARQ process, or are for scheduling different PDSCHs for different TBs or TBs associated with different HARQ processes. In addition, the first DCI and second DCI may be received from the base station within a time window.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for configuring a bandwidth for supporting a broadband carrier in a communication system. An operation method of a base station comprises the steps of: configuring a first bandwidth part and a second bandwidth part for a terminal; configuring a reserved resource for the first bandwidth part in a resource area in which the first bandwidth part and the second bandwidth part overlap; and performing an operation of transmitting or receiving a second data channel, which is scheduled to the second bandwidth part, together with the terminal by using the reserved resource. Therefore, the performance of the communication system can be improved.

Abstract: An operation method of a CP may comprise: requesting a status report from each of terminals and receiving the status report; determining switching from basic transmission mode to cell-free massive MIMO transmission mode for at least part of the terminals based on the status reports; instructing the at least part of the terminals and at least one AN to perform cell-free massive MIMO transmission for the at least part of the terminals to configure cell-free massive MIMO transmission mode; determining analog beam(s) and/or digital precoder(s) to be applied by the at least one AN to the at least part of the terminals based on channel qualities between the at least part of the terminals and the at least one AN; and allowing the at least one AN to perform cell-free massive MIMO transmission to the at least part of the terminals using the analog beam(s) and/or digital precoder(s).

Abstract: A method for receiving a PDCCH by a terminal in a mobile communication system may comprise the steps of: receiving a first PDCCH including first DCI from a base station through a first PDCCH search space; and receiving a second PDCCH including second DCI from the base station through a second PDCCH search space, wherein the first DCI and second DCI are for scheduling the same PDSCH for the same TB or TBs associated with the same HARQ process, are for scheduling different PDSCHs for the same TB or TBs associated with the same HARQ process, or are for scheduling different PDSCHs for different TBs or TBs associated with different HARQ processes. In addition, the first DCI and second DCI may be received from the base station within a time window.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a non-transitory storage medium for storing program code and a method of executing an artificial intelligence (AI) pipeline non-fungible token (NFT). The program code is executed by a hardware processor to mint a blockchain-based NFT including ownership information of the AI pipeline, request an execution of the program code performing a predetermined function in an event node executing the AI pipeline according to a request of execution of an NFT owner, connect to at least one worker node to execute a target AI pipeline of the NFT, receive an execution result value of the worker node to record a proof-of-work for the execution result value in the event node, and collect the execution result value of the worker node on which the proof-of-work is performed is performed to change a blockchain state.

Abstract: A positive electrode slurry composition includes a positive electrode active material, a dispersant, a conductive material, a binder, and a solvent, wherein the positive electrode active material includes lithium iron phosphate, and the dispersant has a weight-average molecular weight of 10,000 g/mol to 150,000 g/mol.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for beam failure recovery in a communication system. The method for beam failure recovery includes the steps of: searching for a plurality of candidate beams when a beam failure is detected; transmitting a beam failure recovery request signal to a base station by using beam #1 of the plurality of candidate beams; receiving a beam failure recovery response signal in response to the beam failure recovery request signal via beam #1 from the base station; and transmitting an SR requesting a resource for transmission of multi-beam setting information to the base station, wherein the multi-beam setting information includes indexes of one or more beams excluding beam #1 of the plurality of candidate beams. Therefore, performance of the communication system can be improved.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for beam failure recovery in a communication system. The method for beam failure recovery includes the steps of: searching for a plurality of candidate beams when a beam failure is detected; transmitting a beam failure recovery request signal to a base station by using beam #1 of the plurality of candidate beams; receiving a beam failure recovery response signal in response to the beam failure recovery request signal via beam #1 from the base station; and transmitting an SR requesting a resource for transmission of multi-beam setting information to the base station, where the multi-beam setting information includes indexes of one or more beams excluding beam #1 of the plurality of candidate beams.

Abstract: A printing method performed by an image forming apparatus is provided. The image forming apparatus receives job information of content, and generates payment amount information based on the job information of the content. The image forming apparatus receives payment method information from a user, and generates billing information by using the payment amount information and the payment method information. The image forming apparatus transmits the billing information to a payment system.