Abstract: A fuel vapor processing apparatus may include a canister, a closing valve provided in a vapor passage connecting the canister and the fuel tank, an actuator coupled to the movable valve member, and a control device coupled to the actuator. The control device may perform a learning control, in which a valve opening start position is learned based on a stroke distance of the movable valve member, which is given at the time when an internal pressure of the fuel tank is reduced by a predetermined pressure value while the moving distance of the movable valve member is changed such that (a) the movable valve member moves from the reference position to a learning start position at a first speed in a valve opening direction and (b) the movable valve member moves further from the learning start position at a second speed in the valve opening direction.

Abstract: A fuel vapor processing apparatus may include a canister capable of adsorbing fuel vapor produced in a fuel tank, a closing valve provided in a vapor passage connecting the canister and the fuel tank, a purge passage connecting the canister and an intake passage of an engine, and a control device. The closing valve may include a movable valve member movable along a linear path and an actuator coupled to the movable valve member. The control device may be coupled to the actuator and may be configured to control the actuator such that the position of the movable valve member along the linear path changes according to a deviation of an actual tank internal pressure of the fuel tank from a target tank internal pressure.

Abstract: A failure detecting device for a fuel vapor processing system may include a leakage determination device configured to determine leakage of fuel vapor from a target region of the fuel vapor processing system. The leakage determination device may include a canister closed valve provided in an atmospheric passage connected between a canister and an atmosphere. The canister closed valve may switch between an open position and a closed upon receiving a supply of electric power, and may maintain the open position or the closed position when no electric power is received.

Abstract: In a method of controlling a brake system, a basic control to operate an electric vacuum pump is performed when a booster internal pressure, i.e., an actual pressure of a negative pressure chamber of a brake booster, is larger than a target booster internal pressure, i.e., a target pressure in the negative pressure chamber. The electric vacuum pump is not operated under a predetermined condition even when the booster internal pressure is larger than the target booster internal pressure.

Abstract: A fuel supply apparatus includes a fuel pump having an electrically driven motor. A controller is connected to the motor of the first fuel pump and is capable of determining an estimated pressure based on a value of current supplied to the motor and a rotational speed of the motor. The controller controls the motor so that the estimated pressure becomes relatively equal to a target pressure.

Abstract: An EGR apparatus includes an EGR passage to allow part of exhaust gas discharged from a combustion chamber to flow as EGR gas into an intake passage and recirculate back to the combustion chamber, and an EGR valve to regulate the EGR gas in the EGR passage. A control unit is arranged to calculate a target opening degree of the EGR valve according to an operating condition after start-up of an engine and a warm-up state of the engine comes to an operation start state of the EGR valve, and correct the calculated target opening degree according to the warm-up state to control the EGR valve based on the corrected target opening degree during a period from when the EGR valve comes to the operation start state to when warm-up of the EGR valve is completed.

Abstract: An EGR apparatus includes an EGR passage to allow part of exhaust gas discharged from a combustion chamber to flow in an intake passage and recirculate back to the combustion chamber and an EGR valve to regulate EGR gas in the EGR passage. The EGR valve includes a valve seat, a valve element, and a step motor. An ECU calculates a target correction value corresponding to an operating condition of an engine, cuts off energization to the step motor in order to hold the EGR valve at a predetermined opening degree during operation thereof, and then restarts energization to the step motor, calculates an energization cutoff correction value corresponding to an elapsed time from energization cutoff, and corrects the target correction value by the calculated energization cutoff correction value in order to control the EGR valve to the target opening degree.

Abstract: A fuel supplier for a motor vehicle, having a fuel tank and an internal combustion engine, includes a fuel pump pumping fuel from the fuel tank to the internal combustion engine, a motor driving the fuel pump, and a control unit carrying out feedback control of duty ratio of voltage applied to the motor such that the actual fuel pressure comes close to a target fuel pressure. The control unit increases a low limit value of the duty ratio in accordance with the change of an accelerator open ratio in an opening direction.

Abstract: An EGR apparatus for an engine includes an EGR passage, an EGR valve, an accelerator sensor, and an ECU. The ECU compares a change amount (accelerator operating speed) per unit of time of an accelerator opening degree to a predetermined first determination value. When it is determined that a request for deceleration operation or acceleration operation is made to an engine, the ECU issues a fully closing command to the EGR valve. When it is determined that the deceleration or acceleration operation request is continued, the ECU continues to issue the fully closing command. When the deceleration or acceleration operation request is removed and the accelerator opening degree is larger or smaller than a predetermined second determination value, the ECU releases the fully closing command.

Abstract: A fuel supply apparatus includes a fuel pump having an electrically driven motor. A controller is connected to the motor of the first fuel pump and is capable of determining an estimated pressure based on a value of current supplied to the motor and a rotational speed of the motor. The controller controls the motor so that the estimated pressure becomes relatively equal to a target pressure.

Abstract: A pump unit includes a pump, a motor configured to drive the pump, a control device communicating with the motor and a pressure detection device configured to detect a pressure of a fluid discharged from the pump. The control device is configured to control the motor, so that a pressure detected by the pressure detection device becomes relatively equal to a target pressure. The control device is further configured to determine an estimated pressure of the fluid discharged from the pump. The control device determines whether or not an abnormality occurs based at least one of the following: a detected pressure, a difference between the target pressure and the detected pressure and/or a difference between the detected pressure and the estimated pressure.

Abstract: An electronic throttle control apparatus includes: a motor; a throttle valve which is driven by the motor to open and close; a throttle sensor for detecting an actual opening angle of the throttle valve. This electronic throttle control apparatus is arranged to control an opening angle of the throttle valve by driving the motor so that the actual opening angle detected by the throttle sensor becomes a target opening angle, the apparatus further includes a fully closing stopper, and an abutting determination unit for determining whether the throttle valve abuts against the fully closing stopper. The abutting determination unit is arranged to determine whether the throttle valve abuts against the fully closing stopper based on a determination condition preset with respect to each one of a plurality of duty ratio ranges.

Abstract: An electronic throttle control apparatus includes: a motor; a throttle valve which is driven by the motor to open and close; a throttle sensor for detecting an actual opening angle of the throttle valve. This electronic throttle control apparatus is arranged to control an opening angle of the throttle valve by driving the motor so that the actual opening angle detected by the throttle sensor becomes a target opening angle, the apparatus further includes a fully closing stopper, and an abutting determination unit for determining whether the throttle valve abuts against the fully closing stopper. The abutting determination unit is arranged to determine whether the throttle valve abuts against the fully closing stopper based on a determination condition preset with respect to each one of a plurality of duty ratio ranges.

Abstract: A dynamic bandwidth assignment system includes a network unit for carrying out cell slot assignment, and a network termination for transmitting cells to the network unit by means of cell slots assigned by the network unit. When the number of consecutive valid cells the network unit receives from the network terminations exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the network unit increases the number of the cell slots to be assigned to the network termination. The system can solve a problem of a conventional system in that it is unavoidable that a cell transfer delay and a bursting tendency of cells are statistically increased.

Abstract: A dynamic bandwidth assignment system includes a network unit for carrying out cell slot assignment, and a network termination for transmitting cells to the network unit by means of cell slots assigned by the network unit. When the number of consecutive valid cells the network unit receives from the network terminations exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the network unit increases the number of the cell slots to be assigned to the network termination. The system can solve a problem of a conventional system in that it is unavoidable that a cell transfer delay and a bursting tendency of cells are statistically increased.

Abstract: Slave stations (20-1-20-3) detect whether the buffer resident quantity in a buffer (25) is equal to or larger than a predetermined threshold. Each slave station comprises a buffer resident detection section (26) for notifying the detected results to a PT changing section (24). The PT changing section (24) changes the PT's in the ATM headers of the ATM cells which have been read out from the buffer (25) when there is a notification from the buffer resident detection section (26) that the buffer quantities are equal to or larger than the predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A slot allocation among child station devices is determined in a communication control device, and slot allocation information is sent as a downward signal to the child station devices. In each child station device, upwards packets are inserted into slots of an upward signal according to the slot allocation information, and the upward signal is sent from the child station devices to the communication control device. In the communication control device, it is checked whether or not upward packets exist in slots of the upward signal. Also, one child station device relating to slots of the upward signal currently received is identified according to a preset delay time for each child station device and a current time, the number of slots allowed for the identified child station device is detected according to the slot allocation information.

Abstract: A dynamic bandwidth assignment system includes a network unit for carrying out cell slot assignment, and a network termination for transmitting cells to the network unit by means of cell slots assigned by the network unit. When the number of consecutive valid cells the network unit receives from the network terminations exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the network unit increases the number of the cell slots to be assigned to the network termination. The system can solve a problem of a conventional system in that it is unavoidable that a cell transfer delay and a bursting tendency of cells are statistically increased.

Abstract: A method of anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge including the steps of subjecting surplus sludge to preliminary heat treatment at 60.degree. C. or higher, dewatering the surplus sludge to make dewatered sludge of 10 to 25% by weight, mixing the dewatered sludge with digested sludge which is taken out from a methane fermentation vessel of dewatered sludge, and supplying the resulting mixture to the methane fermentation vessel of dewatered sludge while discarding digested sludge whose amount is equal to that of the dewatered sludge supplied. According to the method, the sewage sludge containing a large quantity of surplus sludge is subjected to preliminary heat treatment, and then the heat-treated sludge is dewatered to permit a nitrogenous component to be transferred to eliminated water whereby the nitrogenous component in the dewatered sludge can be reduced. The resulting dewatered sludge can stably undergo methane fermentation even at a high concentration of 10 to 25% by weight.

Abstract: Disclosed is liquid filling apparatus for a high-temperature and high-pressure vessel. The apparatus comprises a high-temperature and high-pressure vessel, a closed liquid storage tank disposed at a level higher than that at which liquid is supplied to the high-temperature and high-pressure vessel, a liquid-filling flow passage for supplying liquid from the closed liquid storage tank into the high-temperature and high-pressure vessel, a pressure-feed flow passage for supplying a pressure from the high-temperature and high-pressure vessel to the closed liquid storage tank, valves equipped on the liquid-filling flow passage and the pressure-feed flow passage respectively, and a liquid-filling liquid source adapted to communicate with the interior of the closed liquid storage tank via a valve, whereby the environmental surroundings of the closed liquid storage tank are lower in temperature than the interior of the high-temperature and high-pressure vessel.