Abstract: To improve a sharpness and quality of images. An image processing apparatus includes: a drawing process unit for analyzing drawing information in print data; a color spatial conversion unit for transforming color information; a smoothing correction unit for outline-correcting the print data; a gradation processing unit for processing a gradation of the print data; and an output unit for performing a predetermined process based on text image data output from the smoothing correction unit and image data output from the gradation processing unit to output print image information to the outside, and the color spatial conversion unit separately sets intensity values, and the output unit outputs the text image data provided from the smoothing correction unit by priority over a text image data provided from the gray scale processing unit, according to an analysis of drawing information.

Abstract: In a control method for image data including binary image data and multilevel image data, line information is attached to line print data for each of lines forming the image data and then the line information and the line print data are stored for each line in a memory. The line information is used to determine whether a data block included in the line print data is one of a binary image data block and a multilevel image data block. The binary image data block and the multilevel image data block for each line are processed according to the line information so as to produce a printed image of the image data.

Abstract: To provide a practical and economical process for producing trioxane from an aqueous formaldehyde solution in the presence of a solid acid catalyst, which permits a stable operation for a long period of time.A process for producing trioxane from an aqueous formaldehyde solution by using a production apparatus comprising two functional steps, i.e. the first functional step of conducting mainly the removal of metallic impurities from the aqueous formaldehyde solution with a substance having an ion-exchanging function and the second functional step of conducting mainly the synthesis of trioxane from the aqueous formaldehyde solution, from which metallic impurities have been removed, with a solid acid catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention provides a delay clock generator where a plurality of stable delay clocks can be generated and digitizing is easy. The delay clock generator comprises first to nth (n: integer not less than 2) delay circuits (11 to 1n) connected in cascade connection for delaying the basic clock (KO) in sequence, a phase comparator (21) for comparing phase of a delay clock from the nth delay circuit (1n) with that of the basic clock, and a delay control circuit (31) for generating a delay control value to make the phase of the delay clock from the nth delay circuit synchronize with that of the basic clock based on a phase comparison result, and for controlling delay amounts of the first to nth delay circuits respectively by the delay control value.

Abstract: An optical switching device for dividing an optical input which was wavelength-multiplexed into a plurality of optical outputs by wavelengths is disclosed. The device comprises a first filtering circuit and a second filtering circuit. The first filtering circuit has a plurality of interference filters disposed in line on an optical path of the optical input. The interference filters have different edge wavelengths each other so as to reflect a component with a predetermined wavelength of the optical input and to transmit the remaining components of the optical input. The second filtering circuit has a plurality of interference filters disposed on respective optical paths of reflected rays of the first filtering circuit. The interference filters of the second filtering circuit have different edge wavelengths each other so as to remove components with unnecessary wavelengths from the reflected ray and extract optical outputs.

Abstract: An improved method for producing a microbial polyester comprising 3-hydroxybutyrate monomer units is disclosed, in which a strain belonging to the genus Alcaligenes is cultured in a liquid medium containing a carbon source selected from specific long chain fatty acids and derivatives thereof. The produced microbial polyester is useful in plastics and polymers which are free from environmental pollution problems, and in implanting materials and drug carriers, recovery of which is not necessary.

Abstract: A fine-particle measuring apparatus designed to measure fine particles attached to the surface of a substrate of a semiconductor device set in a processing unit for formation of films, etching, cleaning, etc. and fine particles suspended in the space above the substrate surface by the use of scattering of a laser beam caused by these fine particles.

Abstract: A fine-particle measuring apparatus designed to measure fine particles attached to the surface of a substrate for a semiconductor device set in a processing unit for formation of films, etching, cleaning, etc. and fine particles suspended in the space above the substrate surface by the use of scattering of a laser beam caused by these fine particles. The measuring apparatus comprises a laser beam scanning mechanism for irradiating a measuring space with a laser beam the angular position of which is minutely modulated at a predetermined frequency, a photodetector which receives light scattered by a fine particle and converts the received light into an electrical signal, and a signal processor which extracts from the electrical signal output by the photodetector a signal component whose frequency is the same as or double that of a modulating signal for the minute scanning with the laser beam and which has a constant phase difference in terms of time with respect to the modulating signal.

Abstract: A polyester having a high quality is produced by stirring its polycondensation reaction mixture in such a way that the stirring rate is reduced continuously in a stepwise manner corresponding to an increase in the melt viscosity as the reaction proceeds so that the stirring load is substantially constant after the viscosity of the reaction system has reached an arbitary value between 20 and 800 P until the completion of the reaction.

Abstract: A composite porous material comprising a particulate inorganic porous material and, contained in the pores of the material, an organic resin having a micro-void. The composite porous material has a surface area larger than that of the inorganic porous material. The composite porous material has a high dimensional stability comparable to that of an inorganic porous material while exhibiting a high separating and adsorbing capacity comparable to that of the conventional ion exchange resin or chelate resin. Therefore, it can advantageously be used as an adsorbent for various compounds or ions as well as a packing material for gas or liquid chromatography.

Abstract: An intake device for an engine including the first intake valve located at the downstream end of the first intake passage that is connected to the primary carburetor. A second intake valve is located at the downstream end of the second intake passage that is connected to the secondary carburetor in a cylinder. Both intake passages are connected to each other through a pathway situated in the middle of said intake passages. A check valve located in said pathway allows flow from the first intake passage to the second intake passage. In accordance with a second embodiment, the primary and secondary carburetors are configured so that operation of the secondary carburetor is a function of negative pressure in the primary system to remain closed under minimal load conditions.

Abstract: A post-activation type dry image forming material comprising (I) a silver salt component reducible to free silver upon light exposure and including silver iodide; (II) a redox reactive composition capable of making a visual change by a redox reaction of said composition, said reaction being initiated by heating in the presence of free silver; (III) an oxidizing agent for free silver which has an oxidizing capacity for free silver but is rendered photosensitive by heating and which, upon light exposure after said heating, is suppressed with respect to the oxidizing capacity for free silver and capable of catalytically promoting the redox reaction of said composition; and (IV) a photoreactive oxidizing agent, upon light exposure, capable of returning the reduced oxidizing agent for free silver to the original state.

Abstract: A novel heat-activatable and heat-developable dry image forming material comprising (a) a silver salt of long chain fatty acid with at least 16 carbon atoms, (b) a reducing agent for silver ions, (c) a silver halide component including silver iodide or a silver halide-forming component including silver iodide-forming compound, (d) an oxidizing agent for free silver, (e) a photoreactive halogeno oxidizing agent, (f) a binder, and (g) a specific spectral sensitizing dye has been found to have improved spectral sensitivity as well as excellent storage stability.

Abstract: A process for preparing a silver salt of an organic carboxylic acid comprising reacting an alkali metal salt of the organic carboxylic acid with a water-soluble silver salt, and wherein there is used as the reaction solvent a mixture consisting of at least one water-soluble or partially water-soluble C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 alcohol and water and having a mixing volume ratio of 1/5 to 5/1. The silver salt of the organic carboxylic acid prepared in high yield according to the process of the present invention is in uniformly finely divided form of high purity and suitable for use in photographic materials.

Abstract: A novel dry image forming material comprising (a) a non-photosensitive organic silver salt oxidizing agent, (b) a reducing agent for silver ions, (c) a photosensitive silver halide or a photosensitive silver halide-forming component capable of forming a photosensitive silver halide by the reaction thereof with said organic silver salt oxidizing agent, and (d) a substituted 3-pyrazolin-5-one. The dry image forming material has improved sensitivity and storage stability of the raw image forming material and can form thereon an excellent black tone image.

Abstract: A heat developable photosensitive material comprising:(a) an organic silver salt oxidizing agent;(b) a halogen molecule or an organic haloamide compound;(c) a reducing agent for silver ion; and(d) a nitrogen-containing organic base whose pKa of the conjugate acid ranges from 0.5 to 10.0 and the nitrogen-containing organic base having, in its molecule, no acidic proton or a nitrogen-containing organic base whose pKa of its conjugate acid ranges from 0.5 to 10.0 and the nitrogen-containing organic base having, in its molecule, an acidic proton whose pKa is more than 12.

Abstract: Compounds represented by formula (I) ##STR1## wherein one of Z.sub.1 ', Z.sub.2 ', Z.sub.3 ' and Z.sub.4 ' represents R, another one of Z.sub.1 ', Z.sub.2 ', Z.sub.3 ' and Z.sub.4 ' represents Z, and the remaining two moieties of Z.sub.1 ', Z.sub.2 ', Z.sub.3 ' and Z.sub.4 ' represents a hydrogen atom and/or a protective group, one of R and Z represents A.sub.1 and the other represents A.sub.2, A.sub.1 being an acyl group having 14 to 22 carbon atoms which does not contain a carboxylic group and A.sub.2 being an acyl group having 2 to 14 carbon atoms and having one carboxyl group, X represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom (hereinafter referred to as Compound Ia); a 2,2'-anhydro product of Compound Ia wherein Z.sub.2 ' represents a hydrogen atom (hereinafter referred to as Compound Ib); an arabinosylation product of Compound Ia (hereinafter referred to as Compound Ic); a deamination product of Compound Ia (hereinafter referred to as Compound Id); a 2'-deoxy product of Compound Id wherein Z.sub.

Abstract: A nucleotide derivative represented by the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents an acyl group having 14 - 22 carbon atoms and having an aliphatic acyl moiety; X represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 - 4 carbon atoms, or a trifluoromethyl group; and at least one, but not all, of Y.sub.1, Y.sub.2, and Y.sub.3 represents a phosphate, a pyrophosphate, a triphosphate, or a salt thereof, the balance of Y.sub.1, Y.sub.2 and Y.sub.3 representing a hydroxyl group; or in case of ribosyl, Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.3, or Y.sub.2 and Y.sub.3 represent, at the same time, the aforesaid phosphate, pyrophosphate, triphosphate or salt thereof and the remaining group of Y.sub.1, Y.sub.2 or Y.sub.3 represents a hydroxyl group; or in case of arabinosyl, Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.2, or Y.sub.2 and Y.sub.3 represent, at the same time, the aforesaid phosphate, pyrophosphate, triphosphate or salt therof and the remaining group of Y.sub.1, Y.sub.2 or Y.sub.3 represents a hydroxyl group.

Abstract: N.sup.4 -Acyl-1-.beta.-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine-5'-esters represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents an acyl group having 3 to 28 carbon atoms and R.sup.2 represents an XCH.sub.2, XCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 or CH.sub.3 CHX group, wherein X represents a halogen atom, a (CH.sub.3).sub.2 N or (C.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.2 N group.

Abstract: An N.sup.4 -acyl-1-.beta.-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine having the following formula ##SPC1##Wherein R is an aliphatic acyl group having 3 to 35 carbon atoms. The compounds of this invention are useful as a cancer chemotherapeutic agent for controlling tumors, e.g., in mice, an insecticide, and a fungicidal surface active agent.