Abstract: An optical disc apparatus for recording and/or reproducing with respect to an optical disc, comprises a light source for emitting a laser beam; an object lens for focusing the laser beam toward the optical disc; a supporting device which supports the object lens; a sled portion which holds this supporting device; a transporting means for moving the sled portion in the radial direction of the optical disc; a center point servo control means for detecting the movement of the object lens and moving the supporting device so that the object lens is maintained at a predetermined position; a tracking servo control means for generating a tracking error signal and moving the supporting device, so that the object lens is held on the desired track of the optical disc; a frequency detecting means for detecting the frequency of the tracking error signal; and a servo control selecting means for selectively selecting the center point servo control means or the tracking servo control means based on the frequency.

Abstract: When writing user data D, the user data D is stored in a register 46, and using both the user data D and the sector information (ID) of the user data D, an error correction code ECC is generated by an ECC generation algorithm Ar. A stored information Rw made up of the user data D and the generated ECC is written on a disk. In the reading, the user data Dr of a read record Rr is temporarily stored in the register 46, and an ECC check algorithm is executed. This ECC check is executed for combined data of the user data Dr and its position information. When any error is found in the position information portion in the combined data, the user data is determined that the read user data is wrongly addressed. When an error is found in the user data Dr portion, the user data is corrected by ECC and the corrected user data is output.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium is disclosed, which has a magnetic layer containing a hexagonal ferrite powder dispersed in a resin binder, the magnetic layer being formed on a nonmagnetic supporting substrate, wherein the hexagonal ferrite powder is a compound represented by the following chemical formulaAO.2 (M.sup.1 0).Fe.sub.16-x M.sup.2.sub.x 0.sub.24where A is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ba, Sr, Ca, and Pb; M.sup.1 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Zn, Ni and Co; M.sup.2 is one combination selected from the group consisting of a combination of two elements of Co and Ti, a combination of two elements of Ti and Zn, and a combination of three elements of Co, Ti and Zn; and x designates a number in the range from 0.6 to 3.0, the hexagonal ferrite powder having an average diameter/thickness ratio in the range from 2.0 to 5.

Abstract: A construction element that contains a shape memory element which changes shape in response to a change in the temperature of the memory element. The temperature is varied by a fluid which flows through channels adjacent to the shape memory element. The fluid typically flows through an inner channel of the memory element and an outer element formed by the element and an outer elastic pipe. A plurality of shape memory elements can be coupled together to create a robotic arm or an endoscopic instrument. The arm or endoscope can change shape by varying the temperature of the fluid. The fluid temperature and the corresponding shape of the arm/endoscope can be controlled by a computer.

Abstract: An optical disc playback apparatus for playing back information such as music recorded on a compact disc (CD) and/or information such as data recorded on compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM) comprises: device for reading the information from the CD or the CD-ROM; device for decoding the CD-ROM data from the reading device; device for processing TOC information from the reading device; memory for storing CD TOC information when the CD is played back, and data to be used for decoding the information recorded on the CD-ROM when the CD-ROM is played back; and device for changing over between using the memory for storing the TOC information or using the memory as a data decoder for the CD-ROM.

Abstract: An optical disk player is provided which includes a disk driving unit for driving an optical disk, a traverse count circuit for counting the number of recording tracks on the optical disk traversed by an optical pickup, an angle detection circuit for detecting the rotational angle through which the optical disk is rotated, and a stop control unit supplied with a count output from the traverse counting unit and a detection output from the angle detection unit. The stop control unit checks to see if the count value by the traverse count unit during rotation by a predetermined angle of the optical disk by the disk driving unit reaches a predetermined number of tracks corresponding to an allowable offset. The stop control unit halts the driving of the optical disk if the count value reaches the aforementioned predetermined number of tracks.

Abstract: A recording and/or reproducing apparatus for from an optical disk includes a tracking error signal forming device for forming a tracking error signal by taking the difference of detection output signals from at least a pair of light beam detectors provided in an optical pickup having an actuator for shifting an objective lens in a focusing direction or in a tracking direction. Also provided is, a tracking servo device for moving the objective lens in the tracking direction on the basis of the output signal from the tracking error signal forming device to effect a tracking servo, a period detection device for detecting whether the period of a tracking servo indicating a relative movement between a track on an optical disk and a light beam from the optical disk is not more than a predetermined value, and a d.c.

Abstract: A video disc apparatus including a disc rotating device for rotating an optical video disc at a constant linear velocity, a tracking servo device for causing an optical pickup to tack a recording track on the optical video disc, and a translating device for translating the optical pickup along the radius of the optical pickup. It is detected by a detection device if the rotational frequency of the optical video disc by the disc rotating device is within a frequency range in the vicinity of the resonance frequency of the optical pickup. Depending on a detection output of the detection device the operation of an access controlling device is switched so that, in the frequency range in the vicinity of the resonance frequency of the optical pickup, a track jump control is performed for shifting the optical pickup towards the target track position on on the optical video disc with the tracking servo device in the energized state.

Abstract: The magnetic recording medium has superposed on at least one surface of a non-magnetic support member a magnetic layer possessing a surface shape such that the space-average wavelength (2.alpha.a) is in the range of 15 .mu.m to 30 .mu.m and the surface-average roughness (sRa) in the range of 0.008 .mu.m to 0.025 .mu.m. The magnetic recording medium combines highly satisfactory property of media and magnetic interface with high durability and high reproducing output.

Abstract: A paper shredder is provided not only with cutters for cutting paper, a driver for driving the cutters and a power source for the driver, but also with a service power outlet from which power can be supplied to an external electrical equipment such as a vacuum cleaner. A door is provided to cover the outlet such that the driver can be operated only while the door is closed and cannot be switched on if the door stays open.

Abstract: A shredder for feeding documents from a document loading portion to a document shredding portion so as to shred the documents by the document shredding portion, in which the document loading portion is constituted by a plurality of document loading apertures such that a total quantity of the documents capable of being fed from the document loading apertures to the document shredding portion is so set as to be not more than a shredding capability of the document shredding portion.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a magnetic recording medium has a step of mechanically pulverizing and mixing a composition of a binder consisting of a solid resin and a magnetic powder so as to form a mixed powder. The method allows mass-production of magnetic recording media having excellent outputs and S/N ratios.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium in which a hexagonal crystalline system ferromagnetic powder having a specific surface area of 25 to 50 m.sup.2 /g is dispersed in a resinous binder is suitable for high-density recording which is low in noise and is excellent in orientation properties.

Abstract: There is disclosed a magnetic recording medium wherein a magnetic powder is uniformly dispersed in a curable substance of a binder resin material comprising a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate series resin and/or a polyurethane series resin, at least one of which having a B value in a following apparent viscosity equation:log .eta.a=Bx+log [.eta.]wherein .eta.a is an apparent viscosity (cP) at a temperature of 25.degree. C., x is a resin concentration (wt %(), [.eta.] is a limiting viscosity (cP) at a temperature of 25.degree. C. and B is a constant, of 10 or less, which is measured by dissolving the resin in a mixed solvent of equal weights of methyl ethyl ketone toluene and cyclohexanone; and the B value of the mixed binder resin being 11 or less.The magnetic recording medium of the present invention is the high density recording medium having the great rectangular ratio and excellent in the noise properties.

Abstract: A powder for a magnetic recording medium comprising a plurality of magnetic particles and a coating covering the surfaces of the magnetic particles. The coating is a residue resulting from the thermal decomposition of an organic material. The powder is manufactured by applying one or more organic materials to the surfaces of a plurality of magnetic particles by dispersing the magnetic particles in a solution containing the organic material. The magnetic particles, having the organic material as a coating, are separated from the solution, and the magnetic particles are heated to a temperature at which the organic material decomposes.

Abstract: Disclosed is a magnetic recording medium which comprises; a substrate; a first magnetic layer applied on the surface of the substrate and having an easy axis of magnetization in the in-plane direction of the substrate; and a second magnetic layer applied on the surface of the first magnetic layer, formed of ferrite series powder represented by the formula;AO.n(Fe.sub.1-m M.sub.m).sub.2 O.sub.3(wherein A is at least one metallic element selected from the group consisting of Ba, Sr, Pb and Ca; M is at least one substituent component selected from the group consisting of Co, Ti, Ni, Mn, Cu, Zn, In, Ge and Nb; m is 0.08 to 0.2; and n is 5.4 to 6.0), and having an easy axis of magnetization in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate; said first magnetic layer having a surface resistivity of 1.times.10.sup.2 to 1.times.10.sup.8 .OMEGA.. In another embodiment, a conductive layer having a surface resistivity of 1.times.10.sup.7 .OMEGA.

Abstract: Temperature sensing device which has a temperature sensing part including a microchip thermistor in the form not greater than a very small thin piece having a volume of 2 mm.sup.3 as a temperature sensing element. The temperature sensing part is connected to an external circuit to which a temperature sense signal is to be transmitted, by lead wires, and the microchip thermistor is connected to the lead wires through fine lead wires having a wire diameter not greater than 0.5 mm.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of producing composite piezoelectric materials exhibiting a high flexibility and a high piezoelectric effect, comprising the steps of treating an inorganic dielectric material powder with a latex-containing dispersion so as to coat the surfaces of the powder particles with the rubber particles in a manner to provide encapsulated powder particles, kneading the encapsulated powder particles, shaping the kneaded mass, and polarizing the shaped mass.