Abstract: A vehicle steering apparatus is configured to apply, to a steered wheel of a vehicle, a driving force for canceling a toe change amount caused by a road irregularity. The vehicle steering apparatus includes a road reaction force detector configured to detect a road reaction force received by a tire of the steered wheel, a toe adjustment actuator coupled to the steered wheel, and a controller configured to control a driving force of the toe adjustment actuator. The controller includes a toe change amount setter configured to set the toe change amount based on the road reaction force detected by the road reaction force detector, an operation amount calculator configured to calculate an actuator operation amount for canceling the toe change amount set by the toe change amount setter, and a driver configured to drive the toe adjustment actuator by the actuator operation amount calculated by the operation amount calculator.

Abstract: A front-rear wheel driving force distribution device includes a center differential and a limited slip differential. The limited slip differential includes a first clutch, a second clutch, a first piston, a second piston, and a one-way clutch provided between the first clutch and a rear propeller shaft. If the second clutch is engaged by the second piston, the propeller shaft on the rear side rotates at increased speed as compared with a case where the first clutch is engaged by the first piston. The one-way clutch couples the first clutch and the rear propeller shaft if a number of rotations of the first clutch is same as or higher than a number of rotations of the rear propeller shaft, and idles if the number of rotations of the first clutch is lower than the number of rotations of the rear propeller shaft.

Abstract: A cylinder block including a block with two parts, a cylinder liner portion defining an inner wall of a water jacket and a cylinder block body defining an outer wall of the water jacket. The water jacket, which extends around the cylinders, is defined between the cylinder liner portion and the cylinder block body. A cylinder connector includes rectangular partition walls arranged in the direction cylinder liners are aligned. Each partition wall partitions adjacent cylinder lines and extends vertically downward from the bottom of the cylinder connector.

Abstract: A cylinder block includes an inner block member having a cylinder liner portion and an outer block member having a cylinder outer wall portion. With the inner and outer block members assembled together, a water jacket is defined between the outer and inner circumferential surface. A first sealing surface of the cylinder liner portion is opposed to a second sealing surface of the cylinder outer wall portion below the water jacket, and a liquid gasket is provided between the first and second sealing surfaces. A continuous projection is provided on the first sealing surface. When the cylinder liner portion is inserted into the space defined by the cylinder outer wall portion, the projection prevents the gasket from being displaced to a trailing side on the cylinder liner portion with respect to the inserting direction. As a result, the clearance between the block members is sealed reliably.

Abstract: A cylinder block including a block with two parts, a cylinder liner portion defining an inner wall of a water jacket and a cylinder block body defining an outer wall of the water jacket. The water jacket, which extends around the cylinders, is defined between the cylinder liner portion and the cylinder block body. A cylinder connector includes rectangular partition walls arranged in the direction cylinder liners are aligned. Each partition wall partitions adjacent cylinder lines and extends vertically downward from the bottom of the cylinder connector.

Abstract: A cylinder block includes an inner block member having a cylinder liner portion and an outer block member having a cylinder outer wall portion. With the inner and outer block members assembled together, a water jacket is defined between the outer and inner circumferential surface. A first sealing surface of the cylinder liner portion is opposed to a second sealing surface of the cylinder outer wall portion below the water jacket, and a liquid gasket is provided between the first and second sealing surfaces. A continuous projection is provided on the first sealing surface. When the cylinder liner portion is inserted into the space defined by the cylinder outer wall portion, the projection prevents the gasket from being displaced to a trailing side on the cylinder liner portion with respect to the inserting direction. As a result, the clearance between the block members is sealed reliably.

Abstract: In a system comprising input/output devices, a memory and a control processor, direct memory access information (memory address and data) from an input/output device to the processor is stored temporarily and then a direct memory access request is transmitted to the processor. The processor bus holding time at direct memory access is reduced, and the processing speed of the processor is improved.

Abstract: In order to enable an expansion of a packet switched network and a constitution change thereof to be readily achieved in a multistage switched network constitution, in a packet switched network including a packet data terminal, a packet switching equipment, a PBX, a multiplexer, an LAN, a voice communication apparatus such as a telephone set, and a facsimile or in a linkage between switching modules in a packet switching apparatus, the basic switching modules called configuration units connected to the network are interconnected to each other to form a hierarchic tree structure of which the number of hierarchic levels can be selected depending on a size of the packet switched network. Furthermore, in order to increase the reliability of the packet data transfer in the multi-stage switched network configuration, there are disposed a plurality of connecting lines between bit switches and upper-level configuration units so as to establish a redundant configuration.