Abstract: A plastic lens array including the following members which are formed integrally as one block by a plastic material; a lens array body member; a plurality of object convex lenses into which the light from an object is made incident, the object convex lenses being arranged side by side in one row along one side of the lens array body member; a plurality of image convex lenses corresponding to the object convex lenses, and being arranged side by side in a row along an opposite side of the lens array body member; a plurality of image inverting portions corresponding to the object convex lenses, each of the image inverting portions having a pair of roof surfaces which are substantially normal to each other to invert the image of an object; a first reflecting surface arranged at the backs of the object convex lenses, for totally reflecting the incident light of an object through the object convex lenses with an angle exceeding a critical angle and for guiding the reflected light of the object to a roof surface in

Abstract: A crossover construction of a thermal-head is which the thermal-head comprises: a substrate of insulating material; a plurality of heat elements disposed side by side in one row on said substrate; a plurality of lower thin film conductor patterns each of which connects to each of said heat elements and extends in direction X; an insulating layer disposed over said lower conductors; a plurality of upper conductor patterns disposed in parallel in another direction Y on said insulating layer so as to form a crossover on said substrate, said upper and lower conductors being selectively connected together through openings of said insulating layer, wherein said insulating layer and said upper conductors comprise printed and cured paste of insulating material and conductive material, respectively, each paste being of the low temperature curing type which can be cured at a temperature low enough not to affect the resistance of said thin film lower conductors, and a metallic layer of low resistance is coated on each o

Abstract: A tantalum film capacitor has an .alpha.-tantalum as a lower electrode, a chemical conversion layer of .alpha.-tantalum as a dielectric and an upper electrode, an improvement involving forming a highly nitrogen-doped tantalum film between the .alpha.-tantalum and a substrate, and also, another improvement involving forming a transitional thin tantalum layer between said highly nitrogen-doped tantalum film and said .alpha.-tantalum. The nitrogen concentration of the highly nitrogen-doped tantalum film is from 14 to 30 atomic %. The electrical properties, especially leakage current, are improved over those of the prior art. A disadvantage of the conventional .alpha.-tantalum thin film capacitor, that is the necessity of using an expensive partial glazed Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 substrate, is eliminated, and a non-glazed Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 substrate can be used in the present invention.