Abstract: An ionized material sample collection device according to the present invention includes one or a plurality of container's main bodies that each has a surrounding wall and a bottom wall and has a sample entrance in an upper portion of the surrounding wall, a sample impact target that is formed in the bottom portion of each of the container's main bodies, and one or more ionized material collection zones that are formed on at least one of the inner surfaces and the bottom surface of the surrounding wall of each of the container's main bodies. It is preferable that a plurality of the ionized material collection zones be formed on the inner surfaces of the surrounding wall and each of the plurality of ionized material collection zones be an ionized material collection zone which has an affinity for a different element.

Abstract: An ionized material sample collection device according to the present invention includes one or a plurality of container's main bodies that each has a surrounding wall and a bottom wall and has a sample entrance in an upper portion of the surrounding wall, a sample impact target that is formed in the bottom portion of each of the container's main bodies, and one or more ionized material collection zones that are formed on at least one of the inner surfaces and the bottom surface of the surrounding wall of each of the container's main bodies. It is preferable that a plurality of the ionized material collection zones be formed on the inner surfaces of the surrounding wall and each of the plurality of ionized material collection zones be an ionized material collection zone which has an affinity for a different element.

Abstract: There are provided: a solid polymer power generation or electrolysis method that does not require injection of energy from the outside and maintenance of a high temperature, and is capable of converting carbon dioxide to a useful hydrocarbon while producing energy, controlling the production amounts of the hydrocarbons or the like and a ratio sorted by kind of the hydrocarbons, improving utilization efficiency of a product, and simplifying equipment for separation and recovery; and a system for implementing the solid polymer power generation or electrolysis method. Carbon dioxide is supplied to the side of one electrode 111 of a reactor 110 having a membrane electrode assembly 113, hydrogen is supplied to the side of the other electrode 112, and the amounts of the hydrocarbons produced per unit time and the ratio sorted by kind of the hydrocarbons are changed by controlling a power generation voltage of the reactor 110.

Abstract: There are provided: a solid polymer power generation or electrolysis method that does not require injection of energy from the outside and maintenance of a high temperature, and is capable of converting carbon dioxide to a useful hydrocarbon while producing energy, controlling the production amounts of the hydrocarbons or the like and a ratio sorted by kind of the hydrocarbons, improving utilization efficiency of a product, and simplifying equipment for separation and recovery; and a system for implementing the solid polymer power generation or electrolysis method. Carbon dioxide is supplied to the side of one electrode 111 of a reactor 110 having a membrane electrode assembly 113, hydrogen is supplied to the side of the other electrode 112, and the amounts of the hydrocarbons produced per unit time and the ratio sorted by kind of the hydrocarbons are changed by controlling a power generation voltage of the reactor 110.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor including: an electrically conductive substrate; and at least a photoconductive layer thereon, wherein the photoconductive layer contains a diazapentadiene derivative represented by general formula (1): where “X” represents general formula (a), (b) or (c); “R1” and “R2” each represent substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or aromatic hydrocarbon group, and may be the same or different; “R1” and “R2” may be joined together via “Y” to form a ring; “Y” represents single bond, oxygen atom, —CH2CH2—, or —CH?CH—, where “R3” represents substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, aromatic hydrocarbon group, alkoxy group, alkoxycarbonyl group, or halogen group; “R4” represents substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aromatic hydrocarbon group; “n” represents integer ranging from 0 to 4; and when “n” is integer of 2 to 4, “R3” may be the same or different.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor including: an electrically conductive substrate; and at least a photoconductive layer thereon, wherein the photoconductive layer contains a diazapentadiene derivative represented by general formula (1): where “X” represents general formula (a), (b) or (c); “R1” and “R2” each represent substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or aromatic hydrocarbon group, and may be the same or different; “R1” and “R2” may be joined together via “Y” to form a ring; “Y” represents single bond, oxygen atom, —CH2CH2—, or —CH?CH—, where “R3” represents substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, aromatic hydrocarbon group, alkoxy group, alkoxycarbonyl group, or halogen group; “R4” represents substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aromatic hydrocarbon group; “n” represents integer ranging from 0 to 4; and when “n” is integer of 2 to 4, “R3” may be the same or different.

Abstract: A membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) 1 has a solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2. The membrane 2 has ion-conductive domains 3 and non-ion-conductive domains 4 and an electrode catalyst 5. The electrode catalyst 5 is present selectively on surface sites of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 which corresponds to the ion-conductive domains 3 rather than surface sites of the membrane 2 which corresponds to the non-ion-conductive domains 4. A spray liquid containing the electrode catalyst and a solvent is applied onto a surface of the membrane 2 by electrostatic spray deposition to selectively adhere the electrode catalyst 5 on the surface sites of the membrane 2 which corresponds to the ion-conductive domains 3. The membrane 2 is preferably subjected to a hydrophilization treatment before being sprayed with the spray liquid.

Abstract: An electrocatalyst for ethanol oxidization includes an elemental mixture containing platinum and ruthenium and at least one element, wherein the foregoing at least one element is selected from the group of tungsten, tin, molybdenum, copper, gold, manganese, and vanadium.

Abstract: An electrocatalyst for ethanol oxidization includes an elemental mixture containing platinum and ruthenium and at least one element, wherein the foregoing at least one element is selected from the group of tungsten, tin, molybdenum, copper, gold, manganese, and vanadium.

Abstract: A membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) 1 has a solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2. The membrane 2 has ion-conductive domains 3 and non-ion-conductive domains 4 and an electrode catalyst 5. The electrode catalyst 5 is present selectively on surface sites of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 which corresponds to the ion-conductive domains 3 rather than surface sites of the membrane 2 which corresponds to the non-ion-conductive domains 4. A spray liquid containing the electrode catalyst and a solvent is applied onto a surface of the membrane 2 by electrostatic spray deposition to selectively adhere the electrode catalyst 5 on the surface sites of the membrane 2 which corresponds to the ion-conductive domains 3. The membrane 2 is preferably subjected to a hydrophilization treatment before being sprayed with the spray liquid.

Abstract: An orthodontic model has a single block body made of catalyzing acrylic resin with a pair of prism boxes inversely positioned and interconnected by a pair of posterior walls with a window, the prism boxes have covers of the same shape and are provided with perimetral depressions for fitting to the boxes and to reach a welding of edges of each dental arch or the model, and a method of its production is proposed.

Abstract: An orthodontic model has a single block body made of catalyzing acrylic resin with a pair of prism boxes inversely positioned and interconnected by a pair of posterior walls with a window, the prism boxes have covers of the same shape and are provided with perimetral depressions for fitting to the boxes and to reach a welding of edges of each dental arch or the model, and a method of its production is proposed.

Abstract: A process for generating power includes (1) generating power from a fuel cell including a fuel electrode, an air electrode and an electrolyte membrane sandwiched therebetween wherein the fuel electrode is made of an alloy including platinum, and a fuel is a liquid including a secondary alcohol, by directly feeding the fuel to the fuel electrode; (2) contacting the air electrode in the fuel cell with an oxidizable material and applying a current from an external electric source between the fuel electrode as negative and the, air electrode as positive, after step (1); and (3) generating power from the fuel cell after step (2).

Abstract: An image display medium including a pair of electroconductive layers, at least one of which is light-transmissive and which are opposed each other to form a cell; and a dispersion contained in the cell, wherein the dispersion includes a colored particulate material having at least one of an acidic group and a basic group; a hydrocarbon solvent; a resin soluble in the hydrocarbon solvent and having at least one of a basic group and an acidic group; and a compound having a nonionic polar group, and wherein when the particulate material has an acidic group, the resin has a basic group, and when the particulate material has a basic group, the resin has an acidic group.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor including an electroconductive substrate and a photoreceptive layer, which is formed overlying the substrate, wherein the photoreceptive layer includes a charge carrier generation layer including a charge carrier generation material and a charge carrier transport layer including a charge carrier transport material, and wherein when an electric field of from 2.5×105 V/cm to 5.5×105 V/cm is applied to the charge carrier transport layer, the relationship, tCTL/&mgr;CTL≦1.5×103 V·s/m, is satisfied, wherein tCTL represents a thickness of the charge carrier transport layer and &mgr;CTL represents a charge mobility of the charge carrier transport layer.

Abstract: An image display medium including a pair of electroconductive layers, at least one of which is light-transmissive and which are opposed each other to form a cell; and a dispersion contained in the cell, wherein the dispersion includes a colored particulate material having at least one of an acidic group and a basic group; a hydrocarbon solvent; a resin soluble in the hydrocarbon solvent and having at least one of a basic group and an acidic group; and a compound having a nonionic polar group, and wherein when the particulate material has an acidic group, the resin has a basic group, and when the particulate material has a basic group, the resin has an acidic group.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor including an electroconductive support and a photoconductive layer formed thereon, which has at least a charge generation layer containing a charge generating material and a polymeric charge transporting material, and a charge transport layer containing a polymeric charge transporting material.

Abstract: In an electrophotographic process using an electrophotographic photoconductor having a photoconductive layer which contains a charge generation material and a charge transport material, the charge transport material being convertible from a neutral state into a charged state during the photoconduction in the photoconductive layer, when light is applied to the photoconductive layer, there is employed at least one type of rays of light selected from type 1 which has a light emission peak, and type 2 and type 3, each of which has a continuous spectrum with a threshold wavelength value, in such a manner that a half-width wavelength range of type 1 does not overlap a peak wavelength or a half-width wavelength range of an absorption peak of the charge transport material in the charged state, and a half value of a threshold wavelength value of each of type 2 or type 3 is beyond the wavelength or a half-width wavelength range of any of extreme end absorption peaks in terms of the wavelength of the absorption light of

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor is disclosed which includes an electroconductive support, and a photoconductive layer formed thereon and having a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer, wherein the charge generation layer contains a polymeric charge transporting material having an ionization potential of 6.0 eV or less. The photoconductor may include an undercoat layer, an intermediate layer and/or a surface protecting layer, each of which may contain a polymeric charge transporting material. Specific use of the polymeric charge transporting material together with a charge transporting small molecule is also disclosed.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor including an electroconductive support and a photoconductive layer formed thereon, which has at least a charge generation layer containing a charge generating material and a polymeric charge transporting material, and a charge transport layer containing a polymeric charge transporting material.