Abstract: A supercapacitor includes an electrode comprising activated carbon and carbon black particles containing less than or equal to about 100 ppm of calcium. A method includes treating base carbon black particles to form treated carbon black particles containing less than or equal to about 100 ppm of calcium; and using the treated carbon black particles to form an electrode of a supercapacitor. Carbon black particles having a Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) surface area ranging from 650 m2/g to 2,050 m2/g, and comprising less than or equal to about 100 ppm of calcium.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are electrode compositions comprising a homogeneous mixture comprising: a lead-containing material and a carbon additive comprising carbon black and activated carbon. A total amount of the carbon additive ranges from 0.1% to 2% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition. The composition can have a ratio of carbon black to activated carbon ranging from 0.1:0.9 to 0.5:0.5. The activated carbon can have a d50 particle size distribution ranging from 4 ?m to 100 ?m, and a pore volume of at least 0.7 cm3/g. Also disclosed are electrodes formed from the electrode composition, cells (e.g., lead-acid battery) comprising the electrodes/electrode compositions, and methods of making thereof.

Abstract: An electrode for an energy storage device includes carbon black particles having (a) a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area ranging from 70 to 120 m2/g; (b) an oil absorption number (OAN) ranging from 180 to 310 mL/100 g; (c) a surface energy less than or equal to 15 mJ/m2; and (d) either an La crystallite size less than or equal to 29 ?, or a primary particle size less than or equal to 24 nm.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are cathode formulations comprising graphenes. One embodiment provides a cathode formulation comprising an electroactive material, and graphene interspersed with the electroactive material, wherein a ratio of (mean electroactive material domain size)/(mean graphene lateral domain size) ranges from 3:2 to 15:1. Also disclosed are cathodes comprising such materials and methods of making such cathodes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a reflective feature, e.g., reflective security feature or reflective decorative feature, comprising a first element at least partially coplanar with a second element. The first element causes incident light to be reflected with a first intensity that varies as the angle of incidence changes relative to a surface of the reflective feature. The invention also relates to a direct write printing process for forming such a reflective feature from an ink comprising metallic nanoparticles.

Abstract: A paste suitable for a negative plate of a lead-acid battery, the paste comprising lead oxide and carbon black, wherein the carbon black has the following properties: (a) a BET surface area between about 100 and about 2100 m2/g; and (b) an oil adsorption number (OAN) in the range of about 35 to about 360 cc/100 g, provided that the oil absorption number is less than the 0.14×the BET surface area+65.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are cathode formulations comprising a lithium ion-based electroactive material and a carbon black having a BET surface area ranging from 130 to 700 m2/g and a ratio of STSA/BET ranging from 0.5 to 1. Also disclosed are cathodes comprising the cathode formulations, electro-chemical cells comprising the cathodes, and methods of making the cathode formulations and cathodes.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions comprising: a carbon additive prewetted with an acid (e.g., H2SO4); and a lead-containing material. Also disclosed are methods of making such compositions, and pastes and electrodes made therefrom.

Abstract: A carbon black having a combination of properties with values in ranges selected to promote high conductivity, high hydrophobicity, and reduced outgassing in lead acid batteries while maintaining high charge acceptance and cycleability. The carbon black has a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area ranging from 100 m2/g to 1100 m2/g combined with one or more properties, e.g., a surface energy (SE) of 10 mJ/m2 or less, and/or a Raman microcrystalline planar size (La) of at least 22 ?, e.g., ranging from 22 ? to 50 ?. In some cases, the carbon black has a statistical thickness surface area (STSA) of at least 100 m2/g, e.g., ranging from 100 m2/g to 600 m2/g.

Abstract: A paste suitable for a negative plate of a lead-acid battery comprises at least (a) a lead-based active material and an expander mixture comprising (b) carbon, (c) barium sulfate and (d) a lignosulfonate, wherein at least part of at least two of said components (a) to (d) are present in the paste as composite particles.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are electrode compositions comprising a homogeneous mixture comprising: a lead-containing material and a carbon additive comprising carbon black and activated carbon. A total amount of the carbon additive ranges from 0.1% to 2% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition. The composition can have a ratio of carbon black to activated carbon ranging from 0.1:0.9 to 0.5:0.5. The activated carbon can have a d50 particle size distribution ranging from 4 ?m to 100 ?m, and a pore volume of at least 0.7 cm3/g. Also disclosed are electrodes formed from the electrode composition, cells (e.g., lead-acid battery) comprising the electrodes/electrode compositions, and methods of making thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a reflective feature, e.g., reflective security feature or reflective decorative feature, comprising a first element at least partially coplanar with a second element. The first element causes incident light to be reflected with a first intensity that varies as the angle of incidence changes relative to a surface of the reflective feature. The invention also relates to a direct write printing process for forming such a reflective feature from an ink comprising metallic nanoparticles.

Abstract: A paste suitable for a negative plate of a lead-acid battery comprises lead oxide and composite particles comprising carbon and silica.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are cathode formulations comprising graphenes. One embodiment provides a cathode formulation comprising an electroactive material, and graphene interspersed with the electroactive material, wherein a ratio of (mean electroactive material domain size)/(mean graphene lateral domain size) ranges from 3:2 to 15:1. Also disclosed are cathodes comprising such materials and methods of making such cathodes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a reflective feature, e.g., reflective security feature or reflective decorative feature, comprising a first element at least partially coplanar with a second element. The first element causes incident light to be reflected with a first intensity that varies as the angle of incidence changes relative to a surface of the reflective feature. The invention also relates to a direct write printing process for forming such a reflective feature from an ink comprising metallic nanoparticles.

Abstract: A paste suitable for a negative plate of a lead-acid battery, the paste comprising lead oxide and carbon black, wherein the carbon black has the following properties: (a) a BET surface area between about 100 and about 2100 m2/g; and (b) an oil adsorption number (OAN) in the range of about 35 to about 360 cc/100 g, provided that the oil absorption number is less than the 0.14×the BET surface area+65.

Abstract: A paste suitable for a negative plate of a lead-acid battery, the paste comprising lead oxide and carbon black, wherein the carbon black has the following properties: (a) a BET surface area between about 100 and about 2100 m2/g; and (b) an oil adsorption number (OAN) in the range of about 35 to about 360 cc/100 g, provided that the oil absorption number is less than the 0.14×the BET surface area+65.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are cathode formulations comprising a lithium ion-based electroactive material having a D50 ranging from 1 ?m to 6 ?m; and carbon black having BET surface area ranging from 130 to 700 m2/g and an OAN ranging from 150 mL/100 g to 300 mL/100 g. Also disclosed are cathode formulations comprising a first lithium ion-based electroactive material having a particle size distribution of 1 ?m?D50?5 ?m, and a second lithium ion-based electroactive material having a particle size distribution of 5 ?m<D50?15 ?m. Cathodes comprising these active materials can exhibit a maximum pulse power in W/kg and W/L of the mixture higher than maximum pulse power of the first or second electroactive material individually, or an energy density in Wh/kg and Wh/L of the mixture higher than energy density of the first or second electroactive material individually. The cathode formulations can further comprise carbon black having BET surface area ranging from 130 to 700 m2/g.

Abstract: The present invention relates to colored reflective features, e.g., reflective security features or reflective decorative features, that optionally exhibit color shifting and to inks and processes for making such features. The features, as well as the inks optionally used to form the features, comprise nanoparticles and a colorant that preferably modifies a spectrum of light that is reflected by a reflective layer formed from the nanoparticles. The processes involve forming the features from one or more inks using a direct write printing process.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are negative active material compositions, comprising: a carbonaceous material having a surface area of at least 250 m2/g; and an organic molecule expander, wherein the ratio of carbonaceous material to expander ranges from 5:1 to 1:1, and wherein the composition has a median pore size ranging from 0.8 ?m to 4 ?m. Also disclosed are electrodes and batteries comprising such compositions, and methods of making thereof.