Abstract: A fuel cell comprising a container and a fuel cell element or elements contained in the container, to which a mixed fuel gas containing a fuel gas and oxygen is fed to generate electricity, and the gas having passed through the fuel cell element or elements is discharged, as an exhaust gas, from the container, wherein the space other than the fuel cell element or elements in the container, through which the mixed fuel gas or the exhaust gas flows, is filled with packing materials to form a packed layer having a gap between the adjacent packing materials, at which gap the mixed fuel gas cannot be ignited, during the operation of the fuel cell, even if the mixed fuel gas has a fuel gas concentration within the ignition limits for the mixed fuel gas, and a burn-up section, in which the exhaust gas discharged from the packed layer is burned, is provided at, or in the vicinity of, the exhaust gas outlet of the container.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell comprising a fuel cell unit which comprises an anode layer made of an electrically conducting mesh and an anode-forming material carried by this mesh, a cathode layer made of an electrically conducting mesh and a cathode-forming material carried by this mesh, and a solid electrolytic layer in the form of a thin film arranged between and supported by the anode layer and the cathode layer.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell in which one or more cell units of the fuel cell are disposed within or in proximity to a flame, produced upon combustion of a fuel material, and are exposed to the flame, thereby generating electricity. In the solid-oxide fuel cell, the fuel cell is provided with a combustion chamber for combusting the fuel material, the combustion chamber has a configuration of a cylinder, and a wall of the cylindrical combustion chamber is defined by the cell units of the fuel cell, and the cell units comprise a substrate consisting of a solid electrolyte, an anode layer formed on a combustion chamber side of the substrate and a cathode layer formed on another side of the substrate opposed to the anode layer.

Abstract: A fuel battery comprising a hollow fuel cell unit and a gas combustor, the fuel cell unit comprising a stacked body formed of an anode layer and a cathode layer on the inner side and the outer side, respectively, of a hollow body of a solid electrolyte material, and the gas combustor burning a gaseous fuel and supplying a flame to the anode layer.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell in which one or more cell units of the fuel cell are disposed in proximity to a flame, generated upon combustion of a gaseous fuel material, and is exposed to the flame, thereby generating electricity. The fuel cell is provided with a combustion chamber for combusting the fuel material in the form of a cylinder, a wall of the cylindrical combustion chamber is defined by the cell units of the fuel cell, and the cell units comprise a substrate consisting of a solid electrolyte, an anode layer formed on a combustion chamber side of the substrate and a cathode layer formed on another side of the substrate opposed to the anode layer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a power generating apparatus that uses, as a power supply means, a flat plate-like solid electrolyte fuel cell of the type that directly utilizes a flame produced by burning a solid fuel. The solid electrolyte fuel cell comprises a cathode layer formed on one surface of a flat plate-like solid electrolyte substrate and an anode layer formed on the opposite surface thereof. The flame produced by burning wood pieces as the solid fuel is applied over the entire surface of the anode layer. Air is supplied to the cathode layer which is disposed facing the atmosphere side, i.e., the opposite side from the flame. Radical components in the flame react with oxygen in the air, thus generating an electromotive force.

Abstract: A fuel cell comprising a container having at least one feed port and at least one exhaust port, and a stack of fuel cell elements contained in the container in such a manner that the circumferential faces of the stack of fuel cell elements and the inner surfaces of the container are contacted, the element comprising a cathode layer, an anode layer, and an electrolyte layer, with the electrolyte layer being interposed between the cathode and anode layers, and a mixed gas containing a fuel gas and oxygen being fed to the fuel cell from the feed port, and an exhaust gas is discharged from the exhaust port, wherein packing materials are filled in each of the spaces between the feed port and the stack of fuel cell elements and between the stack of fuel cell elements and the exhaust port, and wherein there is a gap between the adjacent packing materials, at which gap the mixed fuel gas cannot be ignited at the operating condition of the fuel cell even if the mixed fuel gas has an oxygen concentration within the ign

Abstract: A solid electrolyte fuel cell configuration provided with a single sheet shaped solid electrolyte substrate formed with a plurality of fuel cells and thereby not having a sealed structure, achieving a reduction of the size and a reduction of the cost, and able to improve the durability and improve the power generation efficiency, a single sheet shaped solid electrolyte substrate, in particular a solid electrolyte fuel cell configuration provided with a single sheet shaped solid electrolyte substrate, a plurality of anode layers formed on one side of the solid electrolyte substrate, and a plurality of cathode layers formed on the side opposite to the one side of the solid electrolyte substrate at positions facing the anode layers, the anode layers and cathode layers facing each other across the solid electrolyte substrate forming a plurality of fuel cells, the anode layers and cathode layers being connected in series.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fuel-cell device utilizing surface-migration on solid oxide wherein a cathode layer and an anode layer are arranged in parallel to each other on one surface of the substrate. A strip-shaped cathode layer formed from SSC or the like and a strip-shaped permeable anode layer formed from a rhenium metal powder or the like are arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other on one surface of the substrate. A fluid fuel such as ethanol is fed to the entire surface of the anode layer so as to permeate therethrough. Oxygen ions formed at the cathode layer exposed to the atmosphere migrate over a surface region on the substrate and react with the fuel species supplied to the anode layer. The cathode layer and the anode layer formed on the substrate together constitute a fuel cell.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fuel-cell device utilizing surface-migration on organic solid wherein a cathode layer and an anode layer are arranged in parallel to each other on one surface of a solid organic substrate. A strip-shaped cathode layer formed from SSC or the like and a strip-shaped permeable anode layer formed from a rhenium metal powder or the like are arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other on one surface of the substrate made of a polyester film or the like. A fluid fuel such as ethanol is supplied to the entire surface of the anode layer so as to permeate therethrough. Oxygen ions formed at the cathode layer exposed to the atmosphere migrate over a surface of the substrate and react with the fuel species supplied to the anode layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a solid electrolyte fuel-cell device wherein a plurality of fuel cells are formed on a single plate. A plurality of cathode layers are formed on one surface of the flat plate-like solid electrolyte substrate, and a plurality of anode layers on the opposite surface thereof, and each fuel cell is formed from a pair of the cathode layer and the anode layer. An electromotive force extracting lead wire is attached to the cathode layer, and a lead wire is attached to the anode layer. The plurality of fuel cells are connected in series by electrically connecting the cathode layer of one fuel cell to the anode layer of an adjacent fuel cell. Flames formed by combustion of a fuel such as a methane gas are supplied to the entire surface of each anode layer, and air is supplied to each cathode layer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the provision of a solid electrolyte fuel-cell device that achieves increased durability, increased power generation efficiency, and easy utilization of heat, by making provisions to apply flames over the entire surface of an anode layer formed on a solid electrolyte substrate. Each individual fuel cell is constructed by forming a cathode layer and an anode layer on opposite surfaces of a plate-like solid electrolyte substrate. Power generation efficiency is increased by making provisions to ensure that a plurality of flames formed by burning a fuel supplied from a fuel supply pipe are applied over the entire surface of the anode layer. When a coolant pipe is provided in an interlaced fashion with the fuel supply pipe, not only can the heating of the fuel supply pipe by the burning of the fuel be suppressed, but also the waste heat can be utilized.

Abstract: A fuel cell device comprising: two vertically arranged cylindrical fuel cells different in diameter, each comprising a solid-electrolyte layer having first and second surfaces, an anode layer formed on the first surface of the solid-electrolyte layer, and a cathode layer formed on the other surface of the solid-electrolyte layer. The two fuel cells are mutually arranged in such a manner that the anode layer of one of the fuel cells faces the anode layer of the other fuel cell with a predetermined space between them and the space extends vertically from a lower position to an upper position. A fuel supply unit is provided for supplying fuel into the space at the lower position thereof so that a flame is formed, in the space, in an upward direction in which the space extends.

Abstract: A fuel battery having a high oxygen partial pressure at the fuel electrode side, maintaining conductivity even under conditions where a metal electrode would be oxidized, and maintaining a fuel electrode function, having a cell comprised of an oxygen ion conducting solid electrolyte layer on one surface of which a cathode layer is formed and on the other surface of which an anode layer is formed, supplied with methane or another fuel gas and oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas, and undergoing an oxidation reduction reaction between the gases through the cell whereby an electromotive force is generated, wherein the anode layer is comprised of a fired body having NiO containing Li in solid solution as a main ingredient.

Abstract: A fuel cell comprised of a solid electrolyte layer sandwiched by a cathode layer and an anode layer to which a mixed gas of a fuel gas and air mixed together is supplied, wherein the fuel cell is formed into a spiral member comprised of a single cell layer comprised of the cathode layer, solid electrolyte layer, and anode layer stacked together or a multilayer member of a plurality of the single cell layers stacked together rolled up spirally, the cathode layer and anode layer forming facing surfaces of each upper stratum and lower stratum of the single cell layer or multilayer member adjoining each other in a diametrical direction of the spiral member are arranged through an electrical insulator, and the cathode layer and anode layer or the electrical insulator are or is formed with a gas passage enabling passage of the mixed gas, whereby it is possible to prevent an increase in size of the cell even if increasing the contact area of the anode layer and cathode layer with the air or fuel gas.

Abstract: A single chamber fuel cell comprised of a cell arranged in a mixed fuel gas comprised of hydrogen or another fuel gas and oxygen, wherein the cell used is a pn junction type semiconductor having electrodes of a p-type semiconductor with carriers of holes and an n-type semiconductor with carriers of electrons connected to ends of electrical takeout wires, and each of the p-type semiconductor and n-type semiconductor is formed porous to an extent enabling the mixed fuel gas to pass.

Abstract: A gas sensor for SOx measurement including a substrate comprised of a solid electrolyte material, a sub electrode comprised of crystalline sulfate including silver sulfate formed on one surface of the substrate, a first electrode including silver formed on the sub electrode, a second electrode formed on the other surface of the substrate, and a gas pipe for introduction of measurement gas covering one surface of the substrate, a quartz pipe being used as the gas pipe.

Abstract: A fuel cell generates electric power when the solid oxide type fuel cell element is arranged in a flame or in a portion close to the flame, and the durability of the fuel cell is high. A fuel cell 10 for generating electricity when the solid oxide type fuel cell 15, in which a cathode layer 11 is formed on one face of a solid electrolyte layer 13 and an anode layer 12 is formed on the other face of the solid electrolyte layer 13, is arranged in a flame 20 or in a portion close to the flame 20, wherein the solid electrolyte layer 13 is made of porous material, the porosity of which is not less than 10%, so that cracks can not be caused on the solid electrolyte layer 13 by a sudden temperature change in the solid oxide type fuel cell 15 when the solid oxide type fuel cell 15 is arranged in the flame 20 or in a portion close to the flame 20 or when the solid oxide type fuel cell 15 is separated from the flame 20 or the portion close to the flame 20.

Abstract: A fuel cell, comprising a fuel cell element comprising a solid electrolyte layer of oxygen ion conduction type which is interposed between a cathode layer and an anode layer. The cathode layer and the anode layer are exposed to a mixed gas of a fuel gas, such as methane or others, and oxygen, to cause an oxidation-reduction reaction between the fuel gas and the oxygen, by means of the cell element, to generate an electromotive force. The anode layer is mainly composed of a metal which is oxidation-resistant against the mixed fuel at the operating temperature of the fuel cell element, or a ceramic having an electro-conductivity. The anode layer is further blended with a metal or an oxide thereof, selected from a group of rhodium, platinum, ruthenium, palladium, and iridium.

Abstract: A sulfur-detecting sensor for detecting an integrated amount of hydrogen sulfide present in a gas stream passed over the sensor, characterized in that the sensor comprises a member formed of a material which is stable to hydrogen sulfide, and having a contacting side which is brought into contact with hydrogen sulfide, and a measuring member located on the contacting side of the former member, the measuring member being formed of a material which reacts with hydrogen sulfide to yield a reaction product having an increased electrical resistance value and/or making a phase change into a phase easily scattered by the gas stream at a temperature of the vicinity of the contacting side, and allowing an integrated amount of hydrogen sulfide passed over the sensor to be measured by measuring its electrical resistance value. A sulfur-detecting device using the detecting sensor is also disclosed.