Abstract: There are disclosed various methods, apparatuses and computer program products for video encoding and decoding. In other embodiments, there is provided a method, an apparatus, a computer readable storage medium stored with code thereon for use by an apparatus, and a video encoder, for encoding a scalable bitstream, to provide indicating an encoding configuration, where only samples and syntax from intra coded pictures of base layer is used for coding the enhancement layer pictures. In other embodiments, there is provided an apparatus, a computer readable storage medium stored with code thereon for use by an apparatus, and a video decoder, for decoding a scalable bitstream, to receive indications of an encoding configuration, where only samples and syntax from intra coded pictures of base layer is used for coding the enhancement.

Abstract: There are disclosed various methods, apparatuses and computer program products for video encoding. In some embodiments pictures are encoded into a bitstream. The bitstream comprises at least two scalability layers and pictures being associated with access units. A first indication and a second indication are encoded into the bitstream. The first indication is configured to indicate an output layer. And the second indication is configured to indicate at least one alternative output layer. A first picture of said at least one alternative output layer is output by a decoding process of the bitstream when no picture of the output layer is in an access unit containing said first picture of said at least one alternative output layer.

Abstract: A method comprising encoding a first scalability layer comprising at least a first coded base picture and a second coded base picture, the first scalability layer being decodable using a first algorithm; reconstructing the first and second coded base pictures into a first and second reconstructed base pictures, respectively, the first reconstructed base picture and the second reconstructed base picture being adjacent in output order of the first algorithm among all reconstructed pictures of the first scalability layer; reconstructing, by using a second algorithm, a third reconstructed base picture from at least the first and second reconstructed base pictures, the third reconstructed base picture residing between the first reconstructed base picture and the second reconstructed base picture in output order; encoding a second scalability layer comprising at least a first coded enhancement picture, a second coded enhancement picture and a third coded enhancement picture, the second scalability layer being decod

Abstract: There are disclosed various methods, apparatuses and computer program products for video encoding.

Abstract: There is provided a slice header prediction method and apparatuses for 3D video encoding and decoding. In some example embodiments the following features can be derived from the header prediction method. Any decoding order of texture and depth view components may be supported. Also flexible prediction of syntax elements from any slice header appearing earlier in decoding order within the same access unit is allowed. The prediction can be turned on or off on view component basis. The syntax elements of the slice header may be categorized in a few sets and the use of the prediction as well as the prediction source for each set can be individually controlled. By using some example embodiments of the method all syntax elements of the slice header may be predicted.

Abstract: Various methods are described for generating an audio summary representing a location on a place exploration service. One example method may comprise receiving at least one audio file. The method may further comprise dividing the at least one audio file into one or more audio segments. Additionally, the method may comprise determining a representative audio segment for each of the one or more audio segments. The method may further comprise generating an audio summary of the at least one audio file by combining one or more of the representative audio segments of the one or more audio segments. Similar and related methods, apparatuses, and computer program products are also provided.

Abstract: In accordance with an example embodiment of the invention there is at least a method and apparatus to perform operations including determining, by a media recording device, a differential location sample identifying a current location in time associated with the media recording device relative to a reference location; and at least one of storing and transmitting, by the media recording device, the differential location sample in an audio-visual media file. In accordance with another example embodiment of the invention there is at least a method and apparatus to perform operations including receiving and parsing, by a parser device, a plurality of differential location samples of an audio-visual media file to identify an absolute location of a media recording device.

Abstract: There is provided a slice header prediction method and apparatuses for 3D video encoding and decoding. In some example embodiments the following features can be derived from the header prediction method. Any decoding order of texture and depth view components may be supported. Also flexible prediction of syntax elements from any slice header appearing earlier in decoding order within the same access unit is allowed. The prediction can be turned on or off on view component basis. The syntax elements of the slice header may be categorized in a few sets and the use of the prediction as well as the prediction source for each set can be individually controlled. By using some example embodiments of the method all syntax elements of the slice header may be predicted.

Abstract: A method comprising: obtaining a video bitstream comprising a high dynamic range (HDR) video representation; obtaining one or more tone mapping operators and an indication of at least one tone mapping operator to be applied; and modifying the HDR video representation into a low dynamic range (LDR) video representation using said at least one tone mapping operator determined by said indication.

Abstract: A method comprising: obtaining a video bitstream comprising a low dynamic range (LDR) video representation; obtaining one or more tone mapping operators and an indication of at least one tone mapping operator to be applied; decoding enhancement data relating to said LDR video representation; modifying the LDR video representation into a first high dynamic range (HDR) video representation using said at least one tone mapping operator determined by said indication; and combining the first HDR video representation and the enhancement data relating to said LDR video representation to provide a second HDR video representation.

Abstract: A method comprising: receiving a first description of a first file, the first description including properties of at least a derived image included in or referred to by the first file; determining, based on the properties of the derived image, whether to obtain the derived image; and in response to determining to obtain the derived image, obtaining the first file comprising the derived image.

Abstract: There are disclosed various methods, apparatuses and computer program products for video encoding. According to an embodiment, an encoding method comprises including a static media item into a container file; including one or more media tracks into the container file; indicating, in the file, that the static media item and one or more entities form a group; and indicating, in the file, a grouping type for the group. According to an embodiment, a decoding method comprises parsing, from a container file, that a static media item and one or more entities form a group; parsing, from the container file, a grouping type for the group; determining a processing for the static media item and the one or more of the entities based on the group and the grouping type.

Abstract: A method and related apparatus, the method comprising receiving a bitstream comprising picture data units on one or more scalability layers; determining a first set of layers that are decoded from the bitstream; decoding, from or along the bitstream, a first indication indicative of an end of a coded picture, wherein the first indication is associated with a first layer identifier; decoding, from or along the bitstream, a second indication indicative of a second set of layers that are not present in an access unit; and determining an end of the access unit, when the first layer identifier is the greatest among the first set of layers, or all layers with a layer identifier greater than the first identifier among the first set of layers are included in the second set of layers.

Abstract: The invention relates to coding of depth information for multi-view video coding. Different parameters and/or any features from picture encoding or the encoded and reconstructed pictures may be used in the coding of the depth information, especially in filtering the depth picture using e.g. a loop filter in the depth coding loop. The same principle may be applied in decoding, that is, the decoded (texture) pictures and parameters may be used to control the decoding of the depth data, e.g. to control the filtering of the depth data in a loop filter. Parameters and data that may be used as such control may comprise features extracted from the reconstructed pictures, the encoded video data and parameters, the motion estimation data and others.

Abstract: There is provided methods, apparatuses and computer program products for video coding and decoding. A first part of a first coded video representation is decoded, and information on decoding a second coded video representation is received and parsed. The coded second representation differs from the first coded video representation in chroma format, sample bit depth, color gamut and/or spatial resolution, and the information indicates if the second coded video representation may be decoded using processed decoded pictures of the first coded video representation as reference pictures.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method, an apparatus, a server, a client and a non-transitory computer readable medium comprising a computer program stored therein for video coding and decoding. Depth pictures from a plurality of viewing angles are projected into a single viewing angle, making it possible to have pixel-wise joint filtering to be applied to all projected depth values. This approach enables to suppress the noise in the depth map data and provides improved performance for a view synthesis.

Abstract: A method comprising: encoding a first picture on a first scalability layer and on a lowest temporal sub-layer; encoding a second picture on a second scalability layer and on the lowest temporal sub-layer, wherein the first picture and the second picture represent the same time instant, encoding one or more first syntax elements, associated with the first picture, with a value indicating that a picture type of the first picture is other than a step-wise temporal sub-layer access (STSA) picture; encoding one or more second syntax elements, associated with the second picture, with a value indicating that a picture type of the second picture is a step-wise temporal sub-layer access picture; and encoding at least a third picture on a second scalability layer and on a temporal sub-layer higher than the lowest temporal sub-layer.

Abstract: There are disclosed various methods, apparatuses and computer program products for video encoding/decoding. In some embodiments the method comprises signalling a long-term palette information, where the long-term palette information comprises at least information on the color values for each entry in the long-term palette; generating a palette that is used for coding a coding unit by either selecting at least one color value from a long-term palette or by separately signaling at least one color value, or performing both. Alternatively the method comprises constructing a long-term palette during an encoding process or a decoding process; and updating the long-term palette dynamically after coding a coding unit, and constructing a palette used for encoding or decoding a coding unit using information from the long-term palette.

Abstract: There are disclosed various methods, apparatuses and computer program products for video encoding and decoding. In some embodiments, to indicate a composition of pictures of different time instants, some usability information may be embedded to the video bitstream indicating the intended display behavior when more than one layer is used and associated display behavior using this information. More specifically, the embedded information may indicate how the layers need to be composed in the video bitstream. The information may indicate if the intended display behaviour is to combine (overlay) base layer and enhancement layer decoded pictures. The information may indicate that the base and enhancement layer decoded pictures are allowed to be overlaid. In addition or alternatively, the information may indicate that the enhancement layer picture should not be combined with base layer picture during display.

Abstract: In an example embodiment, a method, apparatus and computer program product are provided. The method includes defining a plurality of depth layers of a depth map. At least one depth layer of the plurality of depth layers is associated with a respective depth limit. The method further includes determining, for the at least one depth layer, a respective texture view layer of a first picture. The method further includes deriving a measure of a respective texture property for the respective texture view layer. Selective filtering is applied to the respective texture view layer based on the measure of the respective texture property and the respective depth limit associated with the at least one depth layer.