Abstract: The present disclosure provides high purity E-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze). More specifically, the present disclosure provides E-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-234ze) in at least 99.99% purity, containing less than 3 ppm 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene (HFO-1225zc). The present disclosure further provides a method of making high purity E-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze).

Abstract: Aromatic amines, for example, diarylamines such as diphenylamine, dinaphthylamine, N-phenyl-N-naphthyl amine etc., are alkylated by passing a mixture of the amine and an olefin, though a clay catalyst in a fixed bed reactor system. The process is conveniently run as a continued process, produces an alkylated aromatic amine in excellent purity and provides efficiencies in material and energy use.

Abstract: Aromatic amines, for example, diarylamines such as diphenylamine, dinaphthylamine, N-phenyl-N-naphthyl amine etc., are alkylated by passing a mixture of the amine and an olefin, though a clay catalyst in a fixed bed reactor system. The process is conveniently run as a continued process, produces an alkylated aromatic amine in excellent purity and provides efficiencies in material and energy use.

Abstract: Overbased MgO dispersions with high magnesium content and acceptably low viscosities are prepared without gel formation by heating to 280-360° C. under high pressure in a sealed reactor a mixture of MgO, selected dispersants, low MW carboxylic acids, water and a hydrocarbon solvent having a boiling point below 280° C. No additional solubilizing or dispersing agents, promoters or reactants such as carbon dioxide, amines, alcohols etc are needed to obtain the desired dispersions. Compositions such as lubricating oils and fuels containing the overbased magnesium dispersions as additives are also disclosed.

Abstract: Overbased MgO dispersions with high magnesium content and acceptably low viscosities are prepared without gel formation by heating to 280-360° C. under high pressure in a sealed reactor a mixture of MgO, selected dispersants, low MW carboxylic acids, water and a hydrocarbon solvent having a boiling point below 280° C. No additional solubilizing or dispersing agents, promoters or reactants such as carbon dioxide, amines, alcohols etc are needed to obtain the desired dispersions. Compositions such as lubricating oils and fuels containing the overbased magnesium dispersions as additives are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention is directed to processes for producing an alkyl halide, preferably isobutyl bromide. In one embodiment, the process comprises the steps of: (a) contacting an alcohol with a hydrogen halide in a reactor at elevated temperature under conditions effective to form an initial product mixture comprising the alkyl halide, the alcohol, the hydrogen halide and water; (b) cooling the initial product mixture to form a cooled organic phase positioned above a cooled aqueous phase; (c) separating the cooled organic phase from the cooled aqueous phase. The process preferably further comprises a step of: (d) heating at least a portion of the cooled aqueous phase under conditions effective to form additional alkyl halide.

Abstract: A process for reducing the level of residual catalyst comprising one or more 1-halo-2-methylpropanes and a Group 13 metal catalyst from a crude polyolefins product, the process comprising contacting the crude organic product with a solid adsorbent in an adsorbent system. Also provided is a co-catalyst system for polymerizing alpha olefins.

Abstract: A process for reducing the level of residual catalyst comprising one or more alkylhalide, alkoxyhalide, metal halide, metal oxyhalide, alkyl metal, alkoxy metal, boron compound and coordinated metal compound wherein the metal is a Group III, Group IV, Group V, Group VI and/or Group VIII metal, from a crude organic product (e.g., polyolefins, alkylated aromatic compounds, alkylated amines, etc.) comprising the residual catalyst is provided, the process comprising contacting the crude organic product with a solid adsorbent in an adsorbent system.

Abstract: Chemical production processes are provided that include reacting a metal comprising olefin to form a conjugated olefin; reacting a heterohalogenated olefin to form a conjugated olefin; reacting a halogenated alkane to form a conjugated olefin; and/or reacting a hydrohalogenated olefin to form a conjugated olefin. Chemical production systems are also provided that can include: a first reactant reservoir configured to house a perhalogenated olefin; a second reactant reservoir configured to house a catalyst mixture; a first reactor coupled to both the first and second reservoirs, the first reactor configured to house a metal-comprising mixture and receive both the perhalogenated olefin form the first reactant reservoir and the reactant mixture from the second reactant reservoir; and a product collection reservoir coupled to the first reactor and configured to house a conjugated olefin.

Abstract: Methods and materials are provided for the production and purification of halogenated compounds and intermediates in the production of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane. In a preferred embodiment, the process steps include: (1) reacting carbon tetrachloride with vinyl chloride to produce 1,1,1,3,3-pentachloropropane; (2) dehydrochlorinating the 1,1,1,3,3-pentachloropropane with a Lewis acid catalyst to produce 1,1,3,3-tetrachloropropene; (3) fluorinating the 1,1,3,3-tetrachloropropene to produce 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene; (4) fluorinating the 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene to produce a product mixture containing 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane; and (5) separating 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropro-pane from by-products.

Abstract: Catalyst regeneration processes are provided that can include providing a mixture including a liquid phase catalyst and a halogenation exchange reagent, and exposing the mixture to a halogen until the halogen is essentially no longer consumed by the mixture. The catalyst can include MaX(a-b)Yb, wherein M represents a metal, X represents a first halogen, Y represents a second halogen different from the first halogen, “a” represents the oxidation state of the metal, and “b” is an integer less than or equal to “a”. M can be Sb, the X can be Cl, and the Y can be F.

Abstract: Systems and methods for producing fluorocarbons are provided that include contacting a saturated halogenated fluorocarbon with hydrogen and catalyst to produce a saturated hydrofluorocarbon and an unsaturated fluorocarbon. Aspects of the present invention describe systems and methods for contacting saturated halogenated fluorocarbons such as CF3CClFCF3 and/or CF3CCl2CF3 with hydrogen and catalyst. Systems and methods of the present invention also describe contacting saturated halogenated fluorocarbons with catalysts having one or more of K, Zr, Na, Ni, Cu, Ni, Zn, Fe, Mn, Co, Ti, and Pd. Aspects of the present invention also describe contacting saturated halogenated fluorocarbons with hydrogen under pressure. Saturated hydroflourocarbons and unsaturated fluorocarbons produced in accordance with the systems and methods of the present invention can include one or more of CF3CFHCF3, CF3CH2CF3, CF3CHClCF3, CF3CF?CF2, CF3CH?CF2, and CF3CCl?CF2.

Abstract: Methods and materials are provided for the production of essentially isomerically pure perhalogenated and partially halogenated compounds. One embodiment of the present invention provides a process for the production of essentially isomerically pure CFC-216aa. Other embodiments include processes for the production of CFC-217ba and HFC-227ea. Particular embodiments of the present invention provide separation techniques for the separation of chlorofluorocarbons from HF, from other chlorofluorocarbons, and the separation of isomers of halogenated compounds. Still other embodiments of the present invention provide catalytic synthetic techniques that demonstrate extended catalyst lifetime. In other embodiments, the present invention provides catalytic techniques for the purification of isomeric mixtures.

Abstract: Catalyst regeneration processes are provided that can include providing a mixture including a liquid phase catalyst and a halogenation exchange reagent, and exposing the mixture to a halogen until the halogen is essentially no longer consumed by the mixture. The catalyst can include MaX(a-b)Yb, wherein M represents a metal, X represents a first halogen, Y represents a second halogen different from the first halogen, “a” represents the oxidation state of the metal, and “b” is an integer less than or equal to “a”. M can be Sb, the X can be Cl, and the Y can be F.

Abstract: A process for reducing the level of residual catalyst comprising one or more alkylhalide, alkoxyhalide, metal halide, metal oxyhalide, alkyl metal, alkoxy metal, boron compound and coordinated metal compound wherein the metal is a Group III, Group IV, Group V, Group VI and/or Group VIII metal, from a crude organic product (e.g., polyolefins, alkylated aromatic compounds, alkylated amines, etc.) comprising the residual catalyst is provided, the process comprising contacting the crude organic product with a solid adsorbent in an adsorbent system.

Abstract: Methods and materials are provided for the production of essentially isomerically pure perhalogenated and partially halogenated compounds. One embodiment of the present invention provides a process for the production of essentially isomerically pure CFC-216aa. Other embodiments include processes for the production of CFC-217ba and HFC-227ea. Particular embodiments of the present invention provide separation techniques for the separation of chlorofluorocarbons from HF, from other chlorofluorocarbons, and the separation of isomers of halogenated compounds. Still other embodiments of the present invention provide catalytic synthetic techniques that demonstrate extended catalyst lifetime. In other embodiments, the present invention provides catalytic techniques for the purification of isomeric mixtures.

Abstract: Halocarbon production processes are provided that can include reacting at least one C-2 halocarbon with at least one C-1 halocarbon in the presence of a phosphate to produce at least one C-3 chlorocarbon. The processes can include reacting ethylene with carbon tetrachloride in the presence of a phosphate. Halocarbon separation processes are provided that can include providing a reaction product that includes at least one saturated fluorocarbon and at least one unsaturated fluorocarbon and adding at least one hydrohalogen to produce a distillation mixture. Methods and materials are provided for the production and purification of halogenated compounds and intermediates in the production of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane.

Abstract: Halocarbon production processes are provided that can include reacting at least one C-2 halocarbon with at least one C-1 halocarbon in the presence of a phosphate to produce at least one C-3 chlorocarbon. The processes can include reacting ethylene with carbon tetrachloride in the presence of a phosphate. Halocarbon separation processes are provided that can include providing a reaction product that includes at least one saturated fluorocarbon and at least one unsaturated fluorocarbon and adding at least one hydrohalogen to produce a distillation mixture. Methods and materials are provided for the production and purification of halogenated compounds and intermediates in the production of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane.

Abstract: Methods and materials are provided for the production of essentially isomerically pure perhalogenated and partially halogenated compounds. One embodiment of the present invention provides a process for the production of essentially isomerically pure CFC-216aa. Other embodiments include processes for the production of CFC-217ba and HFC-227ea. Particular embodiments of the present invention provide separation techniques for the separation of chlorofluorocarbons from HF, from other chlorofluorocarbons, and the separation of isomers of halogenated compounds. Still other embodiments of the present invention provide catalytic synthetic techniques that demonstrate extended catalyst lifetime. In other embodiments, the present invention provides catalytic techniques for the purification of isomeric mixtures.

Abstract: Methods and materials are provided for the production of essentially isomerically pure perhalogenated and partially halogenated compounds. One embodiment of the present invention provides a process for the production of essentially isomerically pure CFC-216aa. Other embodiments include processes for the production of CFC-217ba and HFC-227ea. Particular embodiments of the present invention provide separation techniques for the separation of chlorofluorocarbons from HF, from other chlorofluorocarbons, and the separation of isomers of halogenated compounds. Still other embodiments of the present invention provide catalytic synthetic techniques that demonstrate extended catalyst lifetime. In other embodiments, the present invention provides catalytic techniques for the purification of isomeric mixtures.