Abstract: The improved design of a closed toroidal circuit enabling various arrangements of bladed converter members or elements, with many of them standardized for the economical manufacture of various types of converters. The shapes of the outer and inner walls of the toroidal circuit in a radial converter plane are determined by a construction trapezoid and construction rectangle, respectively, that are specified by a system of rectangular coordinates and which have their corners rounded by arcs of specified radii. The outer and inner walls are tangent to an infinite number of circles the diameter of each of which is formulated in relation to the distance of the circle center from the converter axis and the maximum radius of the circuit.

Abstract: A hydraulic torque converter having a torus provided with a bladed impeller, a bladed turbine and a bladed stator, the portions of the torus between the impeller, the turbine and the stator each being unbladed wherein the turbine is bulged towards a flywheel of a power supply and the impeller generally stands upright relative to an output axis of the converter thereby decreasing the distance between the drive ring gear and the power take off gear.

Abstract: A torque converter and a planetary gear set therefor, said planetary gear set having two sets of clutches wherein one element among a sun gear, a ring gear and a planetary carrier is connected directly to an input shaft, another element is connected directly to an impeller of said torque converter and the other element is connected to an output shaft via one of said clutches. A power absorption capability of the torque converter may be varied in two stages in order to meet separate demands for engine power which occur during various operating phases of vehicle operation.

Abstract: A control system for an engine driven power train having a variable torque absorption transmission mechanism typically including a torque converter, in conjunction with a hydraulic control circuit for the implement of an excavating-loading vehicle such as a loader. The control circuit comprises lift and tilt cylinder means connected via respective control valves to a pump driven by the vehicle engine. The pump also communicates with the transmission mechanism via a variable pressure regulator valve which functions to condition the transmission mechanism for a relatively high torque absorption characteristic during vehicle propelling operation so that engine torque may be efficiently transmitted to the drive wheels of the vehicle.

Abstract: A device for gradually increasing hydraulic pressure in a hydraulic fluid supply control circuit for respective hydraulically operated cylinder-piston assemblies of clutches provided in a transmission, which has an inlet connected to a source of hydraulic pressure, an outlet connected to each of the cylinder-piston assemblies, a passage for communicating said inlet with said outlet, a quick return valve provided in said package and having a large diameter land portion and a plurality of small diameter land portions, means for gradually increasing hydraulic pressure including a cylindrical valve and a pressure regulating valve, wherein said pressure regulating valve is shut off from the main hydraulic circuit until the cylinder chamber of said clutch brake cylinder-piston assembly is filled with hydraulic fluid, whereby peak pressure is not produced immediately before the hydraulic pressure is started so as to permit the hydraulic pressure to be gradually increased.