Abstract: A parking mechanism includes an actuator having a manual shaft rotating around the first axis, a flange provided on an outer periphery of the manual shaft, a cam rod having a coupling portion coupled to the flange and a rod body moveable along a second axis orthogonal to the first axis with a movement of the flange, a coil spring attached to the rod body, a cam that is attached to the rod body and moves along the second axis by motion of the rod body transmitting via the coil spring, a pawl member having a meshing portion and operating with a movement of the cam, and a parking gear having a tooth portion with which the meshing portion meshes. The self-holding torque of the actuator is larger than the torque applied to the manual shaft at the time of maximum compression of the coil spring.

Abstract: A drive apparatus includes a housing including a motor, a power transmission unit, a parking mechanism, and a gear accommodation portion. The parking mechanism includes a parking gear, a pawl, a transmission unit, and a sleeve. The transmission unit includes a cam rod and a cam attached to the cam rod to operate the pawl. The cam is guided by the sleeve. The gear accommodation portion has first and second housing members, a breather, and a dividing wall partitioning a space where the breather opens inside the gear accommodation portion. The second housing member is provided with a holding recess that opens to a first side in an axial direction and holds the sleeve. The first housing member is provided with a retaining wall that covers a surface facing a second side in the axial direction of the sleeve. The retaining wall is a part of the dividing wall.

Abstract: A parking mechanism includes an actuator having a manual shaft rotating around the first axis, a flange provided on an outer periphery of the manual shaft, a cam rod having a coupling portion coupled to the flange and a rod body moveable along a second axis orthogonal to the first axis with a movement of the flange, a coil spring attached to the rod body, a cam that is attached to the rod body and moves along the second axis by motion of the rod body transmitting via the coil spring, a pawl member having a meshing portion and operating with a movement of the cam, and a parking gear having a tooth portion with which the meshing portion meshes. The self-holding torque of the actuator is larger than the torque applied to the manual shaft at the time of maximum compression of the coil spring.

Abstract: A manipulator includes: an elongated body portion that can be inserted into a body; and an energy treatment mechanism provided at a distal end of the body portion. The energy treatment mechanism is provided with gripping pieces that can grip body tissue and an energy applying part configured to apply energy to the body tissue gripped by the gripping pieces. The body portion is provided with an energy transfer part configured to transfer energy to the energy applying part and a force amplifying mechanism configured to amplify gripping force of the gripping pieces.

Abstract: To provide a dressing apparatus capable of uniformly dressing a polishing pad. The apparatus includes first and second dressing grind stones 51 and 52 which grind polishing pads 17 and 18 by moving in a radial direction of upper and lower polishing plates 12 and 14 while abutting on corresponding polishing pads 17 and 18, in which the first and second dressing grind stones 51 and 52 are set so as to have: an inner side region portion P; an outer side region portion Q; and an intermediate region portion R, wherein the length of each of the inner side region portion P and the outer side region portion Q extending in a circumferential direction of the polishing plates 12 and 14 is longer than the length of the intermediate region portion R extending in a circumferential direction of the polishing plates.

Abstract: A manipulator includes: an elongated body portion that can be inserted into a body; and an energy treatment mechanism provided at a distal end of the body portion. The energy treatment mechanism is provided with gripping pieces that can grip body tissue and an energy applying part configured to apply energy to the body tissue gripped by the gripping pieces. The body portion is provided with an energy transfer part configured to transfer energy to the energy applying part and a force amplifying mechanism configured to amplify gripping force of the gripping pieces.

Abstract: A medical manipulator including: a rotating joint that rotates an end effector disposed at a distal end thereof about a first axis; a flexing joint that is disposed on a base-end side of the rotating joint and that pivots the end effector about a second axis that intersects the first axis; a drive portion that generates a rotational driving force; a motive-power transmitting member that transmits the rotational driving force generated by the drive portion to the rotating joint by passing through the flexing joint; and a speed-reduction portion that transmits the rotational driving force transmitted thereto by the motive-power transmitting member to the end effector after performing speed-reduction.

Abstract: To provide a dressing apparatus capable of uniformly dressing a polishing pad. The apparatus includes first and second dressing grind stones 51 and 52 which grind polishing pads 17 and 18 by moving in a radial direction of upper and lower polishing plates 12 and 14 while abutting on corresponding polishing pads 17 and 18, in which the first and second dressing grind stones 51 and 52 are set so as to have: an inner side region portion P; an outer side region portion Q; and an intermediate region portion R, wherein the length of each of the inner side region portion P and the outer side region portion Q extending in a circumferential direction of the polishing plates 12 and 14 is longer than the length of the intermediate region portion R extending in a circumferential direction of the polishing plates.

Abstract: A clear image having suppressed blurring due to pulsing is obtained by in-vivo examination of biological tissue or various internal organs of mammals, including small laboratory animals.

Abstract: A clear image having suppressed blurring due to pulsing is obtained by in-vivo examination of biological tissue or various internal organs of mammals, including small laboratory animals.

Abstract: An optical probe system comprises an optical probe that is inserted into a body cavity, a light source that generates light which is irradiated to an object, and a high-magnification observation unit included in the distal section of the optical probe. The optical probe system further comprises: an image digitization unit that digitizes a luminance signal produced by the high-magnification observation unit; an image parameter sampling unit that samples an image parameter from an image; an optimization parameter calculation unit that calculates an optimization parameter on the basis of the image parameter; an image optimization unit that optimizes an image according to the optimization parameter; an image display device on which an optimized image is displayed; and a digital image preservation unit in which a digitized image is preserved.

Abstract: The invention aims to make it unnecessary to reposition an objective lens when repeatedly carrying out examinations. It is possible to carry out in vivo examination of tissue such as cells and muscle tissue or various internal organs, such as the heart, liver, and so forth, of mammals, especially small experimental animals, over a comparatively long period of time. A microscope system having an objective optical system unit and a structure or member for fixing the objective optical system unit to a living body is provided.

Abstract: Before performing observation with an optical scanning probe using a low-coherence light source and the like, a shutter is inserted in a reference light side optical path to create a state wherein interference light does not occur, in which state a reference member is set to a focal position of a converging optical system such that the output of a light detector is maximal by moving the reference member by a driving device at an observation light optical path side of an optical scanning probe, following which the shutter is opened, and the position of a mirror at the reference light side is moved and set such that the output of the light detecting means is maximal, thereby enabling the optical scanning observation apparatus to be set to a state of suitable optical properties, easily and smoothly.

Abstract: Compact design is achieved to minimize blocking of the field of view of a stereomicroscope apparatus. Furthermore, astigmatism is decreased to produce a high-quality image. An optical-scanning microscope apparatus includes a light source, a light-transmitting member for transmitting light from the light source, an apparatus main body for illuminating a subject with the light transmitted by the light-transmitting member, and a photodetector for detecting return light returning from the subject via the apparatus main body and the light-transmitting member.

Abstract: Compact design is achieved to minimize blocking of the field of view of a stereomicroscope apparatus. Furthermore, astigmatism is decreased to produce a high-quality image. An optical-scanning microscope apparatus includes a light source, a light-transmitting member for transmitting light from the light source, an apparatus main body for illuminating a subject with the light transmitted by the light-transmitting member, and a photodetector for detecting return light returning from the subject via the apparatus main body and the light-transmitting member.

Abstract: The invention aims to make it unnecessary to reposition an objective lens when repeatedly carrying out examinations. It is possible to carry out in vivo examination of tissue such as cells and muscle tissue or various internal organs, such as the heart, liver, and so forth, of mammals, especially small experimental animals, over a comparatively long period of time. A microscope system having an objective optical system unit and a structure or member for fixing the objective optical system unit to a living body is provided.

Abstract: In a microscopic observing apparatus, the optical axis of a probe microscope is placed between the two optical axes of a stereoscopic microscope. In another microscopic observing apparatus, the microscopic observing apparatus includes a guide mechanism that guides the probe microscope and the stereoscopic microscope, a connecting member that maintains a constant spacing between optical axes of the probe microscope and the stereoscopic microscope, a right stopper that restricts further movement of the stereoscopic microscope when the position of the optical axis of the stereoscopic microscope matches a center position on the guide rail; and a left stopper that restricts further movement of the probe microscope when the position of the optical axis of the probe microscope matches the center position.

Abstract: An optical probe system comprises an optical probe that is inserted into a body cavity, a light source that generates light which is irradiated to an object, and a high-magnification observation unit included in the distal section of the optical probe. The optical probe system further comprises: an image digitization unit that digitizes a luminance signal produced by the high-magnification observation unit; an image parameter sampling unit that samples an image parameter from an image; an optimization parameter calculation unit that calculates an optimization parameter on the basis of the image parameter; an image optimization unit that optimizes an image according to the optimization parameter; an image display device on which an optimized image is displayed; and a digital image preservation unit in which a digitized image is preserved.

Abstract: Before performing observation with an optical scanning probe using a low-coherence light source and the like, a shutter is inserted in a reference light side optical path to create a state wherein interference light does not occur, in which state a reference member is set to a focal position of a converging optical system such that the output of a light detector is maximal by moving the reference member by a driving device at an observation light optical path side of an optical scanning probe, following which the shutter is opened, and the position of a mirror at the reference light side is moved and set such that the output of the light detecting means is maximal, thereby enabling the optical scanning observation apparatus to be set to a state of suitable optical properties, easily and smoothly.

Abstract: A container device used in a vehicle includes a retainer, a box, a power source for driving the box and a driving force transmission. The power source is provided on a back portion of the box itself or a back portion of the retainer as viewed along the direction of movement of the box. In the device the portion which has been a dead space in a conventional device is effectively utilized as a location of the power source. The device is constituted small-sized as a whole and the outer shape of the entire device is simplified.