Abstract: A compound of the formula: wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, alkyl or acyl, R.sub.2 is hydroxy, alkoxy or amino, is useful as an antidiabetic agent.

Abstract: Physiologically active substance FA-5859 and its deacetyl compound represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom or an acetyl group, are produced by a cultivation of a microorganism of the genus Emericella or Aspergillus (compound wherein R.sub.1 is an acetyl group) or by a method of chemical synthesis (compound wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom or an acetyl group).Said compounds or a salt thereof have excellent fatty acid degradation inhibiting activity and is useful as an antidiabetic agent in mammalian animals or as a biochemical reagent for studies on fatty acid metabolism.

Abstract: Novel antibiotics C-19393S.sub.2 and H.sub.2, which are produced by cultivating a microorganism belonging to the genus Streptomyces, are useful as a bactericide or disinfectant, and particularly, Antibiotic C-19393S.sub.2 produces a synergistic effect with penicillin and/or cephalosporin antibiotic agents.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R is an ethyl group which may optionally be substituted and n is 0 or 1, or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof, can be produced by subjecting to isomerization a compound of the formula (II): ##STR2## wherein R and n have the same meaning as defined above, or a salt thereof, by using a quaternary ammonium halide and are useful as a bactericide or disinfectant, and also a synergistic effect with penicillin and/or cephalosporin antibiotic agents.Among the compounds of the formula (I), compounds shown by the formula: ##STR3## wherein R.sub.6 is H or --SO.sub.3 H, as well as salts thereof, are novel.

Abstract: Novel carbapenem compounds, which are shown by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R is --SO.sub.3 H or hydrogen, or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof, are useful as a bactericide or disinfectant, and also produce a synergistic effect with penicillin and/or cephalosporin antibiotic agents.The compound of the formula (I) can be produced by subjecting to reduction reaction a compound of the formula: ##STR2## wherein R has the same meaning as defined above, or a salt thereof.

Abstract: A novel antibiotic C-14482 A.sub.1 is produced by cultivating a microorganism belonging to the genus Nocardia and capable of producing Antibiotic C-14482 A.sub.1 is a culture medium, whereby Antibiotic C-14482 A.sub.1 is elaborated and accumulated in the culture medium and recovering the same antibiotic.Antibiotic C-14482 A.sub.1 is useful as a germicide or disinfectant.

Abstract: Antibiotic C-15003 PHO of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is H, hydroxyl, alkanoyloxy, alkenylcarbonyloxy or arylcarbonyloxy; R.sub.2 is H, hydroxyl or alkanoyloxy; R.sub.3 is H or alkanoyloxy is produced by introducing a hydroxyl group into 15-position of a maytansinoid compound, and, if desired, thus obtained compound is subjected to deacylation or acylation.Antibiotic C-15003 PHO is useful as antiprotozoal or antitumor agent.

Abstract: Novel demethylmaytansinoids representable by the formula: ##STR1## (wherein X is Cl or H; R.sub.1 is H or acyl group) are produced from maytansinoids by means of enzymic transformation. The demethylmaytansinoids are useful as antifungal, antiprotozoal or antitumor agents.

Abstract: A novel Antibiotic C-15003 is produced by cultivating a microorganism of the genus Nocardia.The Antibiotic C-15003 is useful as an antifungal agent or an antiprotozoan agent.

Abstract: Novel Antibiotic C-15003PND, which has the formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents hydrogen, --CO--CH.sub.3, --CO--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.3, ##STR2## is produced by cultivating a microorganism of the genus Nocardia. The Antibiotic C-15003PND wherein R is acetyl, propionyl, isobutyryl or isovaleryl is useful for an antifungal, antiprotozoal or antitumor agent and Antibiotic C-15003PND wherein R is hydrogen is useful for an intermediate thereof.

Abstract: A novel Antibiotic C-15003 is produced by cultivating a microorganism of the genus Nocardia.The Antibiotic C-15003 is useful as an antifungal agent or an antiprotozoan agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a substantially pure culture of the microorganism belonging to the genus Nocardia, which microorganism is capable of producing in a culture medium containing assimilable carbon and digestible nitrogen sources, a recoverable amount of the Antibiotic C-14919 E-1 or E-2 or mixtures thereof having the characteristics described in the specification. These antibiotics have a wide range of antibiotic activity and they are useful as germicides or disinfectants.

Abstract: Novel demethylmaytansinoids representable by the formula: ##STR1## [wherein X is Cl or H; R.sub.1 is H or acyl group] are produced from maytansinoids by means of enzymic transformation. The demethylmaytansinoids are useful as antifungal, antiprotozoal or antitumor agents.

Abstract: A novel antibiotic C-14482 A.sub.1 is produced by cultivating a microorganism belonging to the genus Nocardia and capable of producing Antibiotic C-14482 A.sub.1 in a culture medium, whereby Antibiotic C-14482 A.sub.1 is elaborated and accumulated in the culture medium, and recovering the same antibiotic.Antibiotic C-14482 A.sub.1 is useful as a germicide or disinfectant.

Abstract: Novel 20-demethoxy-20-acyloxymaytansinoids representable by the formula: ##STR1## [wherein X is chlorine or hydrogen; R.sub.1 is hydrogen or acyl group; R.sub.2 is acyl group] are produced from 20-demethoxy-20-hydroxymaytansinoids by means of acylation.The compounds are useful as antifungal, antiprotozoal or antitumor agent.

Abstract: Novel antibiotics C-14482 B.sub.1, B.sub.2 and B.sub.3 are produced by cultivating a microorganism belonging to the genus Nocardia and capable of producing Antibiotics C-14482 B.sub.1, B.sub.2 and/or B.sub.3 in a culture medium, whereby Antibiotics C-14482 B.sub.1, B.sub.2 and/or B.sub.3 are elaborated and accumulated in the cultured broth and are recovered.Antibiotics C-14482 B.sub.1, B.sub.2 and B.sub.3 are useful as a germicide or disinfectant, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing the antibiotics C-14919 E-1 and/or E-2 by cultivating an antibiotic C-14919 E-1 and/or E-2 producing strain of the genus Nocardia in a culture medium and accumulating said antibiotics. These antibiotics have a wide range of antibiotic activity and they are useful as germicides or disinfectants.

Abstract: A novel Antibiotic C-15003 P-4 is specifically produced by cultivating a microorganism of the genus Nocardia in a culture medium containing leucine and/or its derivatives.The Antibiotic C-15003 P-4 is useful as an antifungal agent, antiprotozoan agent and antitumor agent.

Abstract: A novel Antibiotic G-6302 is produced by cultivating a microorganism belonging to the genus Pseudomonas and being capable of producing Antibiotic G-6302 in a culture medium to have Antibiotic G-6302 elaborated and accumulated in the cultured broth and recovering the antibiotic.Antibiotic G-6302 is useful as a germicide or disinfectant.

Abstract: A novel Antibiotic C-15003 P-3 is specifically produced by cultivating a microorganism of the genus Nocardia in a culture medium containing valine or isobutyric acid and/or their derivatives.The Antibiotic C-15003 P-3 is useful as an antifungal, antiprotozoan and antitumor agent.