Abstract: The present invention relates to various compositions comprising NAMPT and/or mutant thereof, processes for preparing these compositions, and various methods of using these compositions to prevent or treat an age-associated condition in a subject. The present invention also relates to methods of increasing NMN and/or NAD+ biosynthesis in a cell.

Abstract: A packet relay apparatus for suppressing a burst transfer of packets being relayed to improve the quality and reliability of packet communication. In the packet relay apparatus, an arrival time measurement block measures the arrival time of an input packet to generate arrival time information; a packet classification block classifies the packet as an output-interval-control packet, which requires output interval control, or a non-output-interval-control packet, which does not require output interval control, to generate classification information; a packet distribution block receives the packet which has been processed and switched and places the packet in an appropriate queue according to the classification information; and a schedule management block performs relay output control in accordance with the arrival time information such that the output intervals of output-interval-control packets become equal to the input intervals obtained when the packets were input to the apparatus.

Abstract: A packet relay apparatus for suppressing a burst transfer of packets being relayed to improve the quality and reliability of packet communication. In the packet relay apparatus, an arrival time measurement block measures the arrival time of an input packet to generate arrival time information; a packet classification block classifies the packet as an output-interval-control packet, which requires output interval control, or a non-output-interval-control packet, which does not require output interval control, to generate classification information; a packet distribution block receives the packet which has been processed and switched and places the packet in an appropriate queue according to the classification information; and a schedule management block performs relay output control in accordance with the arrival time information such that the output intervals of output-interval-control packets become equal to the input intervals obtained when the packets were input to the apparatus.

Abstract: A packet relay device which realizes a QoS service with higher quality by improving an intra-device policy concerning packet discard. An input-side policing unit measures a first data rate of packets before being switched, and discards at least one of the packets before being switched, when the first data rate exceeds a first bandwidth value which is preset. A switching unit performs switching of the packets on which the input processing is performed. An output-side policing unit receives packets flowing together after being switched, measures a second data rate of a portion of the received packets corresponding to each value of a parameter, compares the second data rate with a second bandwidth value which is preset to be guaranteed for the value of the parameter, and discards at least one packet in the portion of the received packets when the second data rate exceeds the second bandwidth value.

Abstract: A packet communication apparatus using a timer for always completing the transmission of a received packet within a delay assurance time length assurable by itself. The packet communication apparatus notifies information on the delay assurance time length to a destination side packet communication apparatus, while the destination side packet communication apparatus determines a received packet buffering quantity in communication with the origination side packet communication apparatus on the basis of the information notified. This optimizes a received packet buffering quantity in the destination side packet communication apparatus in a packet communication system, thus enabling the assurance of a necessary communication quality at a low cost.