Abstract: An internal combustion engine with a turbocharger includes a catalyst, downstream of a turbine, in an exhaust passage. The internal combustion engine includes a waste gate, and a waste gate valve. The internal combustion engine further includes a flow-adjusting member or a flow-adjusting mechanism. The flow-adjusting member disperses a flow of exhaust gas from the waste gate when the opening degree of the waste gate valve is small and concentrates the flow when the opening degree of the waste gate valve is large. The flow-adjusting mechanism switches between a dispersed state in which the flow is dispersed and a concentrate state in which the flow is concentrated.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine with a turbocharger includes a catalyst, downstream of a turbine, in an exhaust passage. The internal combustion engine includes a waste gate, and a waste gate valve. The internal combustion engine further includes a flow-adjusting member or a flow-adjusting mechanism. The flow-adjusting member disperses a flow of exhaust gas from the waste gate when the opening degree of the waste gate valve is small and concentrates the flow when the opening degree of the waste gate valve is large. The flow-adjusting mechanism switches between a dispersed state in which the flow is dispersed and a concentrate state in which the flow is concentrated.

Abstract: During engine warm-up, a flow regulating unit in a cooling system operates in a fuel efficiency priority mode. In this mode, a head-side cooling water flow rate (Qhd) is regulated to be equal to or smaller than a first upper limit; a block-side cooling water flow rate (Qbk) is regulated to be equal to or smaller than a second upper limit; and cooling water flowing out of a block-side passage and a head-side passage flows mainly into a bypass passage. When a heating request to heat blown air is made during engine warm-up, the regulating unit operates in a heating priority mode. In this mode, Qhd is regulated to be equal to or smaller than a third upper limit; Qbk is regulated to be equal to or smaller than a fourth upper limit; and at least cooling water flowing out of the head-side passage flows into a heat exchanger.

Abstract: In an engine, a block-side flow path for circulating cooling water to cool a cylinder block, and a head-side flow path for circulating cooling water to cool a cylinder head are formed. A head-side outlet temperature of cooling water flowing out of the head-side flow path is adjusted by using a water pump that pressure sends the cooling water to both the block-side flow path and the head-side flow path. A block-side outlet temperature of cooling water flowing out of the block-side flow path is adjusted by a first thermostat that changes a flow amount of the cooling water flowing out of the block-side flow path. The cooling water flowing out of the block-side flow path is used as a heat source of first and second heater cores for heating air.

Abstract: During engine warm-up, a flow regulating unit in a cooling system operates in a fuel efficiency priority mode. In this mode, a head-side cooling water flow rate (Qhd) is regulated to be equal to or smaller than a first upper limit; a block-side cooling water flow rate (Qbk) is regulated to be equal to or smaller than a second upper limit; and cooling water flowing out of a block-side passage and a head-side passage flows mainly into a bypass passage. When a heating request to heat blown air is made during engine warm-up, the regulating unit operates in a heating priority mode. In this mode, Qhd is regulated to be equal to or smaller than a third upper limit; Qbk is regulated to be equal to or smaller than a fourth upper limit; and at least cooling water flowing out of the head-side passage flows into a heat exchanger.

Abstract: In an engine, a block-side flow path for circulating cooling water to cool a cylinder block, and a head-side flow path for circulating cooling water to cool a cylinder head are formed. A head-side outlet temperature of cooling water flowing out of the head-side flow path is adjusted by using a water pump that pressure sends the cooling water to both the block-side flow path and the head-side flow path. A block-side outlet temperature of cooling water flowing out of the block-side flow path is adjusted by a first thermostat that changes a flow amount of the cooling water flowing out of the block-side flow path. The cooling water flowing out of the block-side flow path is used as a heat source of first and second heater cores for heating air.

Abstract: A battery condition detecting method is provided which includes the steps of setting a current required during standard discharge of a battery as a set current, detecting a discharge current and a voltage of the battery, determining a battery voltage when the battery discharges the set current based on the discharge current and the voltage of die battery, and projecting an actual voltage of the battery based on the battery voltage determined.

Abstract: A battery condition detecting method is provided which includes the steps of setting a current required during standard discharge of a battery as a set current, detecting a discharge current and a voltage of the battery, determining a battery voltage when the battery discharge the set current based on the discharge current and the voltage of the battery, and projecting an actual voltage of the battery based on the battery-voltage determined.

Abstract: A map charging index representing discharge characteristics of a battery is obtained based on a battery voltage under a predetermined discharging operation. The map charging index indicates 100 at a first battery voltage obtainable immediately after the battery starts the discharging operation from a fully charged condition and also indicates 0 at a second battery voltage obtainable when the battery substantially ceases the discharging operation. An accumulative charging index is calculated by subtracting a charged capacity from a temporary full-charge capacity of the battery. The temporary full-charge capacity is corrected based on a difference between the map charging index and the accumulative charging index, thereby obtaining a corrected full-charge capacity. And, a dischargeable capacity of the battery is calculated by subtracting the discharged capacity from the corrected full-charge capacity.

Abstract: A dispensing carton containing film wound cylindrically includes an adhesive retaining device which retains the leading edge of the film left after the film pulled out from a carton box has been cut by a cutter. The retaining device includes a base member, a sticking layer mounted on one surface of the base member to fix the base member on the surface of the front panel and an adhesive layer mounted on the other surface of the base member. The adhesive layer is formed of grafted copolymer obtained by graft-polymerizing vinyl chloride monomer with copolymer of ethylene and vinylacetate. Preferably, the adhesive layer is formed of grafted copolymer obtained by graft-polymerizing vinyl chloride monomer having weight ratio of 80-20 with copolymer of ethylene and vinylacetate having weight ratio of 20-80 in which the weight ratio of ethylene and vinylacetate is 20-70 to 80-30.

Abstract: A cover for a toilet seat comprising a cover main body and a retainer for attaching the cover main body to the toilet seat. The cover main body is in the form of a short tube of stretchable fabric and has an elastic member attached to the peripheral edge of each open end of the tube. The retainer is a ring having a size intermediate between the sizes of the inner and outer peripheries of the toilet seat and is formed in its outer side surface with a groove for fitting therein the elastic member attached to one end of the cover main body. The cover can be attached to and removed from the toilet seat easily and quickly, can be manufactured without necessitating a cumbersome stitching process and is usable for toilet seats of different sizes or shapes freely.