Abstract: A deep ultraviolet LED with a design wavelength ?, including a reflecting electrode layer (Au), a metal layer (Ni), a p-GaN contact layer, a p-block layer made of a p-AlGaN layer, an i-guide layer made of an AlN layer, a multi-quantum well layer, an n-AlGaN contact layer, a u-AlGaN layer, an AlN template, and a sapphire substrate that are arranged in this order from a side opposite to the sapphire substrate, in which the thickness of the p-block layer is 52 to 56 nm, a two-dimensional reflecting photonic crystal periodic structure having a plurality of voids is provided in a region from the interface between the metal layer and the p-GaN contact layer to a position not beyond the interface between the p-GaN contact layer and the p-block layer in the thickness direction of the p-GaN contact layer, the distance from an end face of each of the voids in the direction of the sapphire substrate to the interface between the multi-quantum well layer and the i-guide layer satisfies ?/2n1Deff (where ? is the design wav

Abstract: A water-based ink for ink-jet recording includes: a solid solution of a quinacridone pigment including C.I. Pigment Violet 19 and C.I. Pigment Red 122; an azo pigment including C.I. Pigment Red 176; and water.

Abstract: A water-based ink for ink-jet recording includes: a solid solution of a quinacridone pigment including C.I. Pigment Red 202 and C.I. Pigment Violet 19; an azo pigment including C.I. Pigment Red 48:3; and water.

Abstract: A water-based ink for ink-jet recording, includes: a solid solution of a quinacridone pigment including C.I. Pigment Violet 19 and C.I. Pigment Red 202, an azo pigment including C.I. Pigment Red 150, and water.

Abstract: A water-based ink for ink-jet recording includes: water; a solid solution pigment composed of at least a first pigment and a second pigment; and a non-solid solution pigment which is the same as the first pigment. An image L*60 of the first pigment has the highest chromaticness C* among those of pigments composing the solid solution pigment, the image L*60 having lightness L* which is closest to 60 among a plurality of solid images recorded on a recording paper by using one of aqueous dispersions containing the pigments composing the solid solution pigment at a same solid content concentration, respectively, while changing recording duty at every 5% in a range of 0% to 100%.

Abstract: A water-based ink for ink-jet recording, includes: a solid solution of a quinacridone pigment including C.I. Pigment Violet 19 and C.I. Pigment Red 122, an azo pigment including C.I. Pigment Red 48:3, and water.

Abstract: An image forming method uses an apparatus for forming an image on both recording media of fabric and recording paper. The image forming method includes: applying a treatment agent to the fabric, the treatment agent coagulating a water-based ink or increasing viscosity of the water-based ink; and discharging the water-based ink onto the fabric by an ink-jet system, the water-based ink being identical to a water-based ink used for forming the image on the recording paper.

Abstract: A liquid processing method can remove pure water existing within a pattern of a substrate and replace the pure water with a solvent rapidly. The liquid processing method of supplying the pure water onto the substrate, which is horizontally held and has the pattern formed on a surface thereof, and drying the substrate includes a pure water supplying process of supplying the pure water onto the surface of the substrate; a heated solvent supplying process of supplying, after the pure water supplying process, the solvent in a liquid state, which is heated to a temperature equal to or higher than a boiling point of water, onto the surface of the substrate on which the pure water exists; and a removing process of drying the substrate by removing the solvent form the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: An image forming method uses an apparatus for forming an image on both recording media of fabric and recording paper. The image forming method includes: applying a treatment agent to the fabric, the treatment agent coagulating a water-based ink or increasing viscosity of the water-based ink; and discharging the water-based ink onto the fabric by an ink-jet system, the water-based ink being identical to a water-based ink used for forming the image on the recording paper.

Abstract: A method MT includes etching a wafer W using plasma generated in a processing container. The etching includes a process of inclining and rotating a holding structure holding the wafer W during execution of the etching and the process successively creating a plurality of inclined rotation states RT(?, t) with respect to the holding structure. In the inclined rotation states, the wafer W is rotated about a central axis of the wafer W over a predetermined process time while maintaining a state where the central axis is inclined with respect to a reference axis of the processing container which is in the same plane as the central axis. A combination of a value ? of an inclination angle AN of the central axis with respect to the reference axis and the process time t differs for each of the plurality of inclined rotation states.

Abstract: A water-based ink for ink-jet recording includes: a resin-dispersed pigment; an emulsion of a vinyl chloride-acrylic copolymer having a glass transition temperature of equal to or more than 50° C.; an anionic surfactant having only one anion group in a molecule thereof; and water. A ratio (S/E) of a blending amount (S) of the anionic surfactant to a solid content blending amount (E) of the emulsion of the vinyl chloride-acrylic copolymer in an entire amount of the water-based ink is equal to or more than 0.2.

Abstract: A water-based ink set for ink-jet recording includes: a water-based yellow ink containing water and a yellow dye having a blending amount in an entire amount of the water-based yellow ink of 2 to 3% by weight, the water-based yellow ink having a hue angle of 45° to 65°; a water-based magenta ink containing water and a magenta dye having a blending amount in an entire amount of the water-based magenta ink of 2 to 3% by weight, the water-based magenta ink having a hue angle of 340° to 360° or 0° to 5°; a water-based cyan ink containing water and a cyan dye having a blending amount in an entire amount of the water-based cyan ink of 2 to 3% by weight, the water-based cyan ink having a hue angle of 200° to 230°; and a water-based black ink containing water and a black dye having a blending amount in an entire amount of the water-based black ink of 6 to 7.5% by weight.

Abstract: There is provided a water-based ink for ink-jet recording including: water; a self-dispersible black pigment; and a resin-dispersed pigment of which hue angle is in a range of 180° to 270° and of which sedimentation velocity in the water-based ink is slower than sedimentation velocity of the self-dispersible black pigment in the water-based ink. A ratio (R/S) of a solid content weight (R) of the resin-dispersed pigment to a solid content weight (S) of the self-dispersible black pigment in the water-based ink is in a range of 0.26 to 0.80.

Abstract: There is provided a water-based ink for ink-jet recording including: water; a self dispersible black pigment of which mean particle diameter is not less than 140 nm; and a resin-dispersed pigment which is a copper phthalocyanine-based pigment and of which sedimentation velocity in the water-based ink is slower than sedimentation velocity of the self-dispersible black pigment in the water-based ink.

Abstract: An image forming method uses an apparatus for forming an image on both recording media of fabric and recording paper. The image forming method includes: applying a treatment agent to the fabric, the treatment agent coagulating a water-based ink or increasing viscosity of the water-based ink; and discharging the water-based ink onto the fabric by an ink-jet system, the water-based ink being identical to a water-based ink used for forming the image on the recording paper.

Abstract: There is provided an image forming method for forming an image on a recording medium which is fabric or recording paper by using an ink set including an ink and a treatment agent. In a case that the recording medium is the fabric, the image forming method includes: applying the treatment agent, which includes a cationic substance and a water-soluble organic solvent, to the fabric in an application amount of the treatment agent per an area of the fabric in a range of 4.7 mg/cm2 to 34 mg/cm2; drying the applied treatment agent and thereby reducing weight of the treatment agent in the fabric to be not more than 50% of the application amount of the treatment agent; and jetting the ink, which includes an anionic dye and a water-soluble organic solvent, onto the fabric by an ink-jet system.

Abstract: A water-based ink for ink-jet recording includes dyes and water. The dyes include a blue dye having a hue angle of 220° to 280°; a yellow dye having a hue angle of 70° to 120°; and a copper phthalocyanine dye. A mass ratio (C/B) of a content (C) of the copper phthalocyanine dye to a content (B) of the blue dye in an entire amount of the water-based ink is equal to or more than 0.5, and a total content of the dyes in the entire amount of the water-based ink is equal to or more than 6% by mass.

Abstract: A water-based ink set for ink-jet recording includes: a water-based yellow ink containing a yellow pigment, a resin dispersant, and water; a water-based magenta ink containing a magenta pigment, a resin dispersant, and water; a water-based cyan ink containing a cyan pigment, a resin dispersant, and water; and a water-based black ink containing self-dispersible carbon black and water. At least one water-based color ink selected from the group consisting of the water-based yellow ink, the water-based magenta ink, and the water-based cyan ink further contains a dye. The self-dispersible carbon black has an average particle size of 120 to 170 nm.

Abstract: A water-based ink for ink-jet recording includes: a colorant containing a pigment and a dye represented by the following formula (1); water; and a water-soluble resin.

Abstract: There is provided a water-based ink for ink-jet recording containing: water; at least one of quinacridone and a derivative thereof; and a dye represented by the following formula (1).