Abstract: A push-push oscillator including a resonator having a transmission line and a capacitance connected to the transmission line in parallel; an oscillating circuit responsive to the resonator for oscillating and for producing first and second outputs having an antiphase relation therebetween; an in-phase combining circuit for summing the first and second outputs of said oscillating circuit to produce a summed signal; and an antiphase combining circuit responsive to two components from the resonator having an antiphase relation for producing a differential signal in accordance with a difference between the two components. Alternatively, the in-phase combining circuit is connected to the resonator and the antiphase combining circuit is connected to the oscillating circuit. The antiphase combining circuit outputs a fundamental wave component of the resonator. The in-phase combining circuit outputs a second harmonic wave component.

Abstract: A push-push oscillator comprises: a resonator having a transmission line and a capacitance connected to the transmission line in parallel; an oscillator for producing two outputs having an antiphase relation therebetween in response to the resonator; and a differential signal producing circuit for producing a differential signal in accordance with difference between these two outputs. These outputs can be obtained from the resonator. The transmission lines comprise strip line or microstrip line which is curved to form an open loop. The transmission line may be made of a dielectric material and is curved to form an open loop whose both ends are connected to a capacitance. The resonator may further comprise two second transmission lines, each provided to an end of the transmission line, these two second transmission lines facing each other with a given distance therebetween, the distance and length of the second transmission lines being determined such that necessary capacitance is provided.

Abstract: A data receiver includes first and second mixers mixing an input RF signal and a local oscillator signal and generating first and second quadrature baseband-frequency output signals. A phase shifter shifts a phase of the first baseband-frequency output signal by 90 degrees. A third mixer mixes an output signal from the phase shifter and the first baseband-frequency output signal. A fourth mixer mixes the first and second baseband-frequency output signals. A demodulator performs data demodulation by use of output signals from the third and fourth mixers.

Abstract: A resonator having a strip line, the strip line comprising: a first portion forming an open loop; and two second portions, each provided to each end of the first portion, the second portions facing each other with a given distance therebetween, the distance and length of the second portion being determined such that necessary capacitance is provided. The capacitor is provided instead of a discrete capacitor for saving space and for reducing dielectric loss therein. A second resonator further comprises second and third capacitor having a semicircle strip-line patterns for providing capacitances between ends of the first portion and grounded planes which decrease the resonance frequency so that size of the second resonator are reduced. A third resonator also comprises the first capacitor, but arranged outside of the first portion. Capacitance of the first capacitor can be increased by teeth provided to the second portions.

Abstract: A Colpitts oscillator has an integrated circuit. The integrated circuit includes a transistor having an equivalent large size, a bypass capacitor connected between a collector of the transistor and a ground, a first feedback capacitor connected between a base and an emitter of the transistor, a second feedback capacitor connected between the emitter of the transistor and the ground, and an emitter follower connected to the emitter of the transistor. In a package, a stray reactance and a bonding wire are designed so as to agree with an element value and a Q value which can be used as parts of a resonator. A surface elastic wave resonator disposed outside the integrated circuit is connected between the base of the transistor and the ground. The oscillator is voltage controlled by a variable capacitance diode connected in series with the resonator.

Abstract: A frequency synthesizer for use in a high-frequency multichannel radio apparatus and so on. More particularly, a phase-locked loop (PLL) type frequency synthesizer which can perform a pulling process at high speed. Namely, a frequency synthesizer of the present invention can effect a pulling process at high speed by putting input signals to a phase comparator into a state in which the input signals are in phase with each other in an intermittent operation mode and can have strong resistance to noises by providing a 1-bit data latch and gate circuits in a data inputting portion thereof and synthesizing strobe signals at the time of inputting data thereto.

Abstract: A coaxial dielectric resonator for use at high frequency. The outer or inner peripheral surface of a tubular dielectric member is stepped so as to provide a greater suppression of spurious resonance. The dielectric member has a prism-shaped outer configuration so as to provide a high Q value, as well as improved space factor.

Abstract: There is disclosed herein a millimeter-wave/submillimeter-wave oscillator comprising a mirror and a diffraction grating so as to form a Fabry-Perot type resonator. The mirror, being a concave mirror or a plane mirror, and the diffraction grating are disposed in facing and spaced relation to each other. The diffraction grating has a plurality of channels extending in a direction normal to a surface of the mirror so that the oscillator has a comb-like configuration. A plurality of oscillation elements are mounted on portions within the channels of the diffraction grating.

Abstract: A VHF-UHF mixer, which has a balun (14) having a ferrite core (141), a pair of R-C parallel connection circuits (15a) and (15b) connected to output ends of the balun (14), a series connection of two mixing diodes (16a) and (16b) connected across output ends of the R-C parallel connection circuits, and a diplexer (17) consisting of a high pass filter and a low pass filter and connected by its input terminal to center connection point (18) of said series connection of the two mixing diodes, further has a pair of impedance circuits (19a,19b), each being grounded by one ends thereof, consisting of L-C-L series connection circuit, and connected to either input end or output end of the R-C parallel connection circuit.

Abstract: A first oscillator outputs a signal having a reference frequency. A first frequency divider divides the frequency of the output signal from the first oscillator. A second oscillator outputs a signal having a target frequency. A second frequency divider divides the frequency of the output signal from the second oscillator. A phase comparator compares phases of output signals from the first and second frequency dividers. An integrator integrates an output signal from the phase comparator and controls the second oscillator in accordance with the integration of the output signal from the phase comparator. A first gate is connected between the first oscillator and the first frequency divider. A second gate is connected between the second oscillator and the second frequency divider. A third gate is connected between the phase comparator and the integrator.

Abstract: A resonator for microwave or VHF-UHF bands has a ring dielectric plate, one surface of which is metalized to make a resonant line, and at least one of other surfaces of which is also metalized to make a grounded or earth conductor. The resonator is very small in size and has a large unloaded Q value. Several embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: A microwave band frequency synthesizer comprises first and second phase-locking loops. The first phase-locking loop includes a first voltage controlled oscillator, a variable frequency divider and a first multiplier and generates an output signal whose frequency changes at the rate of a unit frequency change width of the oscillator.

Abstract: A miniaturized circuit for high frequency operation is formed of four successively superimposed dielectric layers, with a microstrip resonance element being sandwiched between two inner dielectric layers which themselves are sandwiched between opposing ground plane layers, and the other dielectric layers being respectively formed upon these ground plane layers. Circuit connection patterns are formed on the outer faces of the latter dielectric layers, and circuit components mounted thereon to form two circuit sections. The microstrip resonance element can be utilized as an inductive reactance element of an oscillator circuit, or as a filter circuit resonator element, and is effectively shielded by the ground plane layers which also effectively mutually isolate the two circuit sections.

Abstract: A high frequency oscillator comprising a ring type inductive resonator of a microstrip line constituted in a rectangular or annular loop. Capacitors are serially connected to both ends of the line, thereby improving the low-noise, separation and stability characteristics by use of the steep-phase characteristic of the ring-shaped resonator.

Abstract: A wide band analog frequency divider circuit operable at a high frequency in the GHz band, and a frequency synthesizer utilizing the analog frequency divider circuit. The analog frequency divider circuit comprises an LC series circuit having a capacitor and an inductor connected between the anode and the cathode of a diode, and means for applying a forward bias to the diode. The input signal is supplied from the anode side of the diode, and the output is delivered from the cathode side, or the anode side of the cathode is grounded. The frequency synthesizer is arranged to frequency divide the output of a VCO by the analog frequency divider circuit, and to supply the frequency-divided output to a prescaler. The output of the prescaler is further frequency divided by a programmable divider, and the phase difference between the output of the programmable divider and a reference signal is detected thereby to control the oscillation frequency of the VCO.

Abstract: A wide band analog frequency divider circuit operable at a high frequency in the GHz band. The analog frequency divider circuit comprises an LC series circuit having a capacitor and an inductor connected between the anode and the cathode of a diode, and means for applying a forward bias to the diode. The input signal is supplied from the anode side of the diode, and the output is delivered from the cathode side, or the anode side if the cathode is grounded.

Abstract: A coaxial dielectric resonator for VHF and/or UHF band comprising a generally cylindrical dielectric having inner surface and outer surface. The inner and outer surfaces of the dielectric are respectively covered by outer and inner conductors and these conductors are connected at one end of the dielectric. An adjusting screw for adjusting resonance frequency is provided at the other end of the dielectric which is covered by a lid while holding a gap between the adjusting screw and the lid. A microwave filter using a plurality of the coaxial dielectric resonator is further described.

Abstract: A low noise oscillator is disclosed wherein the collector and base of a transistor are respectively biased at different voltages from a common voltage source to be conditioned for generating a high frequency oscillation with a resonant circuit connected to the emitter and collector. The high frequency oscillation developed at the base of the transistor is coupled to ground. A capacitive circuit is coupled between the collector and base of the transistor to eliminate the effect of a voltage-dependent capacitance inherently present in the transistor between its collector and base on the frequency of the oscillation in order to reduce the level of noise introduced to sidebands.

Abstract: A strip-line resonator comprises a first dielectric substrate having a conductive film on one surface thereof for connection to ground and a strip line on the other surface thereof and a second dielectric substrate having one surface thereof making contact with the strip line and a conductive film on the other surface thereof for connection to ground. Fused glass having a low melting point for is applied between the first and second substrates to bond them together. A portion of open-circuit end of the strip line is exposed and formed with slits or gap to facilitate frequency adjustment.

Abstract: In a voltage-controlled oscillator having an LC resonant circuit including a varactor circuit so that resonant frequency is controlled by a D.C. bias or control voltage applied to the varactor circuit, three or more varactors are connected in series in one embodiment so that a high-frequency voltage applied to the varactor circuit is divided into a plurality. The varactors may be connected in the same direction or opposite direction. In another embodiment, a plurality of series circuits of varactors are connected in parallel to provide the varactor circuit, where each series circuit comprises two or more varactors. A series-parallel connection of a plurality of varactors may be arranged in a matrix. In order to reduce undesirable stray capacitance, some or all varactors are attached to a printed circuit board so that they are normal to the plane of the printed circuit board. In one embodiment an auxiliary printed circuit board is employed so that some varactors are spaced from a main circuit board.