Abstract: A light diffraction film includes a transparent substrate; and a light diffraction layer containing a binder resin and particles, in which an average primary particle diameter of the particles is 1 ?m to 10 ?m, and a coverage of a surface of the transparent substrate covered with the particles is 70% to 90%.

Abstract: A light diffraction film includes a transparent substrate; and a light diffraction layer containing a binder resin and particles, in which an average primary particle diameter of the particles is 1 ?m to 10 ?m, and a coverage of a surface of the transparent substrate covered with the particles is 70% to 90%.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal display including: a liquid crystal cell in which a liquid crystal layer is installed between two glass substrates; polarizing plates on both surfaces of the liquid crystal cell; and a backlight at a rear side of the liquid crystal cell, which is a non-visual side, wherein in a polarizing plate at a front side of the liquid crystal cell, which is a visual side, a difference in a moisture content of the polarizing plate at the front side under a specific condition in elapse of time is 0.01% or more and 3.0% or less.

Abstract: A polarizer having at least one optical film and at least one polarizing film, wherein the absolute value of the photo-elastic coefficient C of the optical film is 2×10?12 Pa?1 or more, the optical film has an in-plane direction in which the sound propagation velocity is the maximum, and the angle between the in-plane direction in which the sound propagation velocity through the optical film is the maximum and the direction of the absorption axis of the polarizing film falls within a range of from 0° to less than 45°, is excellent in working aptitude and can prevent optical unevenness of the liquid-crystal display device accompanied by environmental changes.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal display including: a liquid crystal cell in which a liquid crystal layer is installed between two glass substrates; polarizing plates on both surfaces of the liquid crystal cell; and a backlight at a rear side of the liquid crystal cell, which is a non-visual side, wherein in a polarizing plate at a front side of the liquid crystal cell, which is a visual side, a difference in a moisture content of the polarizing plate at the front side under a specific condition in elapse of time is 0.01% or more and 3.0% or less.

Abstract: A polarizer having at least one optical film and at least one polarizing film, wherein the absolute value of the photo-elastic coefficient C of the optical film is 2×10?12 Pa?1 or more, the optical film has an in-plane direction in which the sound propagation velocity is the maximum, and the angle between the in-plane direction in which the sound propagation velocity through the optical film is the maximum and the direction of the absorption axis of the polarizing film falls within a range of from 0° to less than 45°, is excellent in working aptitude and can prevent optical unevenness of the liquid-crystal display device accompanied by environmental changes.

Abstract: An optical film contains a cellulose ester and more than 30% by mass, relative to the cellulose ester, of a condensation product of at least one polyhydric alcohol having an average of 2.01 or more carbon atoms and at least one polybasic acid having an average of 4.10 or more carbon atoms, and at least one of the at least one polyhydric alcohol contains at least three carbon atoms bonded together without being interrupted by any other atom.

Abstract: An image evaluation method of the planographic printing plate comprises the steps of (A) producing a standard developer-treated planographic printing plate by preparing a planographic printing plate precursor comprising a substrate and a photosensitive layer, which includes an aqueous alkaline solution-soluble resin and a compound that absorbs light and generates heat, on the substrate, exposing the planographic printing plate precursor under a condition that forms a checkerboard image of rectangles having one side that is 5 to 50 &mgr;m in length, and then developing the image with a standard developer; (B) producing a subject developer-treated planographic printing plate in the same manner as the above-mentioned step (A) except the development is carried out with a subject developer to be evaluated; and (C) comparing the above-mentioned checkerboard images resulted from the standard developer-treated planographic printing plate, with that resulted from the subject developer-treated planographic printing pla