Abstract: Disclosed is a method of exposure-curing an ink layer formed on a recording medium. The layer is made of an ink comprising at least one solvent polymerizable by an acid, a photo-acid generating agent capable of generating the acid as irradiated with light, and a colorant component. This method comprises two irradiation steps. In the first irradiation, the ink layer is irradiated with light by using a light source having a first peak illuminance. The acid is thereby generated from the photo-acid generating agent. The diffusion of the acid is promoted in the layer, curing the ink layer to some extent. In the second irradiation, the ink layer is irradiated with light by using a light source having a second peak illuminance higher than the first peak illuminance. More acid is generated from the photo-acid generating agent and diffuses in the layer, completely curing the ink layer.

Abstract: There is proposed an inkjet ink composition comprising a pigment component to which a resin having a basic terminal is adsorbed, a photo-acid generating agent containing an onium salt, and at least one kind of solvent which can be polymerized under the presence of an acid. The content of multivalent salt included in the onium salt is not more than 20% by weight based on a total weight of onium salt, and the content of the pigment component is confined within the range of 3 to 41% by weight based on the ink composition.

Abstract: There is proposed an inkjet ink comprising a compound represented by the following general formula (1), a cationic photopolymerization initiator, a cationic photopolymerizable compound, and a pigment having an average particle diameter of 300 nm or less, wherein the cationic photopolymerization initiator is included at a ratio of 0.5% by weight to 8% by weight based on 100% by weight of the cationic photopolymerizable compound, and the inkjet ink has a viscosity of 50 mPa·sec or less at ordinary temperature, (wherein R is a monovalent organic group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, R1 and R2 may be the same or different and are individually hydrogen atom or alkyl group, alkyl sulfonyl group or alkoxy group each having 1 to 3 carbon atoms).

Abstract: There is proposed a method of curing an electromagnetic radiation-curing type liquid composition comprising a solvent polymerizable in the presence of an acid, and a photo-acid generating agent which is dissolved in the solvent and capable of generating the acid when irradiated with electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: There is proposed a washing solution for washing an inkjet printer head which performs printing by feeding an ink comprising at least two kinds of polymerizable compounds each differing in viscosity, a photopolymerization initiator, and pigment. This washing solution is characterized in that it contains not less than 50 parts by weight of a polymerizable compound selected from the polymerizable compounds included in the ink and having a lowest viscosity among the polymerizable compounds, or not less than 50 parts by weight of a polymerizable compound having a viscosity of 30 mPa·sec or less at ordinary temperature.

Abstract: There is provided an inkjet ink comprising a photo-acid generating agent which is capable of generating an acid as it is irradiated with light, a color component, and an acid-polymerizable compound which can be polymerized in the presence of an acid, wherein at least 40% of the acid-polymerizable solvent is a vinyl ether compound represented by the following general formula (1): R13—R14—(R13)p ??(1) (Wherein R13(s) is a group selected from the group consisting of a vinyl ether group, a group having a vinyl ether skeleton, an alkoxy group, substituted hydroxyl group and hydroxyl group wherein at least one of R13(s) is vinyl ether group or a group having a vinyl ether skeleton, R14 is a group comprising a substituted or unsubstituted cyclic skeleton and having a valence of (p+1), and p is a positive integer including zero).

Abstract: There is provided a pigment dispersion comprising at least one resin-coated pigment comprising a resin and a pigment, and having an average particle diameter of 250 nm or less, and a dispersion medium containing as a major component a cation polymeric compound having a viscosity of 30 mPa.s or less at a temperature of 25° C. and a boiling point of 150° C. or more at 1 atm. The pigment is incorporated in the pigment dispersion at a ratio ranging from 3 to 41% by weight based on a total weight of the dispersion medium, and the resin is incorporated in the resin-coated pigment at a ratio ranging from 5 to 37% by weight based on the weight of the pigment.

Abstract: There is disclosed an ink for ink jet recording, comprising a photo-acid generating agent which is capable of generating an acid as it is irradiated with light, a colorant, and an acid-polymerizable solvent which can be polymerized in the presence of an acid. In this ink, the content of the photo-acid generating agent is not less than 2.5 [5] parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the acid-polymerizable solvent, and the acid-polymerizable solvent comprises an aliphatic epoxy compound represented by the following general formula (1) and an oxetane ring-containing compound: R1-CH2—C CH3)2—CH2—R1 ??(1) (wherein R1 is glycidyl ether group).

Abstract: An LC aligning substrate (3) is used for an LCD. The substrate is rubbed with a roller (5). The roller has irregularities on the surface thereof, or instead, one of the roller and substrate is vertically vibrated. As a result, the orientation of molecules at the surface of the substrate is finely changed to conceal sharp changes in the orientation of the surface molecules, thereby preventing the LCD from displaying defective rubbing stripes.

Abstract: An orientation film evaluating apparatus and a rubbing processing apparatus by which the orientation capability for a liquid crystal orientation film can be measured quantitatively with high sensitivity and accuracy even during an actual production process, and an orientation condition is controlled precisely so as to obtain a stable production condition and to improve productivity and yield therefor. The orientation film evaluating apparatus includes: a unit for radiating infrared light; a polarizing portion which polarizes the infrared at varied angles to an orientation film, and for irradiating the polarized infrared lights to the orientation film; a detection portion which detects infrared light reflected upon the orientation film; and an evaluating portion which obtains a difference of absorbance of infrared light detected by the detection portion with respect to a polarized direction of the orientation film, and which evaluates an orientation capability of the orientation film.