Abstract: An image display apparatus includes an image display device, a language recognition device, and a text information display device. The image display device displays an image on a display screen. The language recognition device recognizes, on the basis of an image signal of an input image displayed on the display screen, the language of a text portion included in the input image. The text information display device displays text information on the display screen using the language recognized by the language recognition device.

Abstract: In a method for optically recording information in a system including a recording and reading device that includes a strategy part for conducting a strategy when optically recording information and an information processing apparatus that includes a strategy information storing part storing the strategy information for operating the strategy part, the strategy information for operating the strategy part of the recording and reading device is read from the strategy information storing part of the information processing apparatus and the strategy information is transmitted to the recording and reading device.

Abstract: A recording medium can store data which can be accessed exclusively by a particular person in a general circumstance of using a recording medium such as a personal computer circumstance. The recording medium stores the data having a directory structure. A first set of root directory information is recorded in a first section. A second set of root directory information is recorded in a second section located at a predetermined position different from the position of the first section. The first set of root directory information is a part of the second set of root directory information.

Abstract: A record medium preventing a first drive device from reading data therefrom while allowing a second drive device to read the data therefrom wherein data-read operation is performed according to volume management information stored in the record medium, including a predetermined area which stores record-medium-identification information therein, and a volume management information area which is different from the first predetermined area, and stores the volume management information therein.

Abstract: A record medium includes a root-directory datum “c1” indicating only a root directory, a plurality of root-directory location data “en” through “eN”, and a plurality of hierarchical root-directory data “cn” through “cN” corresponding to a plurality of disclosure levels “n” through “N”. Each of the plurality of root-directory location data indicates a location of its corresponding root-directory datum. Each of the plurality of root-directory data indicates a different part of a directory structure of the record medium, in accordance with its corresponding disclosure level.

Abstract: In a method for optically recording information in a system including a recording and reading device that includes a strategy part for conducting a strategy when optically recording information and an information processing apparatus that includes a strategy information storing part storing the strategy information for operating the strategy part, the strategy information for operating the strategy part of the recording and reading device is read from the strategy information storing part of the information processing apparatus and the strategy information is transmitted to the recording and reading device.

Abstract: A record medium includes a root-directory datum “c1” indicating only a root directory, a plurality of root-directory location data “en” through “eN”, and a plurality of hierarchical root-directory data “cn” through “cN” corresponding to a plurality of disclosure levels “n” through “N”. Each of the plurality of root-directory location data indicates a location of its corresponding root-directory datum. Each of the plurality of root-directory data indicates a different part of a directory structure of the record medium, in accordance with its corresponding disclosure level.

Abstract: A recording medium can store data which can be accessed exclusively by a particular person in a general circumstance of using a recording medium such as a personal computer circumstance. The recording medium stores the data having a directory structure. A first set of root directory information is recorded in a first section. A second set of root directory information is recorded in a second section located at a predetermined position different from the position of the first section. The first set of root directory information is a part of the second set of root directory information.