Abstract: A component includes a base portion made of fiber-reinforced resin, a first layer formed on the base portion, and a second layer formed on the first layer. A Vickers hardness of the second layer is higher than a Vickers hardness of the first layer. The Vickers hardness of the first layer is in a range equal to or larger than 50 HV and equal to or smaller than 250 HV.

Abstract: In a toric lens comprising a toric surface having a fine uneven structure, the fine uneven structure includes a plurality of holes, the plurality of holes have a hole depth H and a surface opening diameter ?t which satisfy an expression of 0.3?H/?t?0.6, and (a) the plurality of holes have a hole structure having a cylindrical shape on a bottom surface side and a circular truncated cone shape having an opening diameter increasing toward a surface side, or (b) an angle ? formed between an opening portion and the surface of the plurality of holes satisfies 78°???85°.

Abstract: Provided are an optical member including a substrate and a porous layer on the substrate, in which the porous layer includes a silica particle, a silanol group included in the silica particle at a surface of the porous layer is substituted with a functional group included in a divalent organic group having a specific number of atoms and a specific hydrophilic group, and a molar ratio of the divalent organic group to the silanol group on the surface of the porous layer as expressed by the formula of divalent organic group/silanol group is in a range of more than 0.25 and 1.5 or less, an optical instrument including the optical member, and a method for producing an optical member which includes a substrate and a porous layer on the substrate, the method including a coating liquid applying step, a drying and curing step, and an organic chain substituting step.

Abstract: A light-transmitting member includes a substrate including a resin layer, and a functional film disposed on the substrate. The substrate has a thickness of 1 ?m or more and less than 1 mm. An optical thickness of the functional film with respect to light having a wavelength of 464 nm or more and 653 nm or less is less than a half of the wavelength. A contact angle of water with respect to an upper surface of the functional film in the light-transmitting member is less than 90°. The functional film has a porous portion containing a plurality of particles. A first particle and a second particle among the plurality of particles are bound to each other with a binder. Each of the first particle, the second particle, and the binder contains an inorganic material.

Abstract: An article including a film on a surface thereof, the film having smudge resistance for preventing leaving smudges, such as fingerprints, and having excellent heat-shielding properties against sunlight, and a coating material. The article includes a film at least containing a resin, beads, and titanium oxide, and a base material. The film being disposed on the base material, the amount of the titanium oxide (% by area) contained in the film being ? or more of the amount of the beads (% by area) contained in the film.

Abstract: Provided is a transparent member having formed thereon a film having high reliability, the film being capable of suppressing an increase in its haze and maintaining its hydrophilicity for a long time period even when exposed to an outdoor environment. The transparent member is a transparent member including a resin base material and a porous layer arranged thereon, wherein the porous layer has a network structure in which silica particles are joined to each other with a binder, wherein the resin base material has a mixed layer that the network structure has entered, wherein the mixed layer has a thickness of 20 nm or more and 160 nm or less, and wherein a thickness variation in a range having a length of 1 ?m of a section of the mixed layer in its thickness direction along the surface of the resin base material is 15% or less.

Abstract: In a toric lens comprising a toric surface having a fine uneven structure, the fine uneven structure includes a plurality of holes, the plurality of holes have a hole depth H and a surface opening diameter ?t which satisfy an expression of 0.3?H/?t?0.6, and (a) the plurality of holes have a hole structure having a cylindrical shape on a bottom surface side and a circular truncated cone shape having an opening diameter increasing toward a surface side, or (b) an angle ? formed between an opening portion and the surface of the plurality of holes satisfies 78°???85°.

Abstract: Provided are an optical member including a substrate and a porous layer on the substrate, in which the porous layer includes a silica particle, a silanol group included in the silica particle at a surface of the porous layer is substituted with a functional group included in a divalent organic group having a specific number of atoms and a specific hydrophilic group, and a molar ratio of the divalent organic group to the silanol group on the surface of the porous layer as expressed by the formula of divalent organic group/silanol group is in a range of more than 0.25 and 1.5 or less, an optical instrument including the optical member, and a method for producing an optical member which includes a substrate and a porous layer on the substrate, the method including a coating liquid applying step, a drying and curing step, and an organic chain substituting step.