Abstract: An apparatus having first, second and third processors of a multi-core processor is disclosed. The first processor is configured to perform one or more first operations in a decoding of a plurality of macroblocks of video in a bitstream. The second processor (i) operates as a slave to the first processor and (ii) is configured to perform one or more second operations in the decoding of the macroblocks. The third processor (i) operates as a slave to the second processor and (ii) is configured to perform one or more third operations in the decoding of the macroblocks.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of concealing errors attributed to missing frames in a Motion Picture Expert Group-2 video stream, including the steps of: receiving a new frame for decoding and a “frame missing” flag that is set to a value associated with the occurrence of a missing frame, parsing the new frame to recover a picture type and a frame structure of the new frame, retrieving a picture type and a frame structure of a previous frame decoded immediately prior to the new frame, assigning a picture type and a frame structure to the missing frame based on the picture type and frame-structure values of the previous frame and the new frame and then applying an error concealment technique based upon the assigned picture type and frame structure of the missing frame.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the presence of double talk (DT) is detected in a telecommunications network having a near-end user and a far-end user. The energies of both (1) a signal received from the far-end user by the near-end user and (2) a signal to be communicated from the near-end user to the far-end user are computed. An echo return loss (ERL) estimate is calculated based on the energy calculations, and a preliminary decision is made as to whether DT is present based on the ERL estimate and the energy calculations. If DT is detected, then a counter is set to a hangover value. If DT is not detected, then the counter is reduced. This process is repeated, and, for each iteration, a final decision as to whether DT is present is made based on the counter value.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the presence of double talk (DT) is detected in a telecommunications network having a near-end user and a far-end user. The energies of both (1) a signal received from the far-end user by the near-end user and (2) a signal to be communicated from the near-end user to the far-end user are computed. An echo return loss (ERL) estimate is calculated based on the energy calculations, and a preliminary decision is made as to whether DT is present based on the ERL estimate and the energy calculations. If DT is detected, then a counter is set to a hangover value. If DT is not detected, then the counter is reduced. This process is repeated, and, for each iteration, a final decision as to whether DT is present is made based on the counter value.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the presence of double talk (DT) is detected in a telecommunications network having a near-end user and a far-end user. The energies of both (1) a signal received from the far-end user by the near-end user and (2) a signal to be communicated from the near-end user to the far-end user are computed. An echo return loss (ERL) estimate is calculated based on the energy calculations, and a preliminary decision is made as to whether DT is present based on the ERL estimate and the energy calculations. If DT is detected, then a counter is set to a hangover value. If DT is not detected, then the counter is reduced. This process is repeated, and, for each iteration, a final decision as to whether DT is present is made based on the counter value.

Abstract: An apparatus having first, second and third processors of a multi-core processor is disclosed. The first processor is configured to perform one or more first operations in a decoding of a plurality of macroblocks of video in a bitstream. The second processor (i) operates as a slave to the first processor and (ii) is configured to perform one or more second operations in the decoding of the macroblocks. The third processor (i) operates as a slave to the second processor and (ii) is configured to perform one or more third operations in the decoding of the macroblocks.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of concealing errors attributed to missing frames in a Motion Picture Expert Group-2 video stream, including the steps of: receiving a new frame for decoding and a “frame missing” flag that is set to a value associated with the occurrence of a missing frame, parsing the new frame to recover a picture type and a frame structure of the new frame, retrieving a picture type and a frame structure of a previous frame decoded immediately prior to the new frame, assigning a picture type and a frame structure to the missing frame based on the picture type and frame-structure values of the previous frame and the new frame and then applying an error concealment technique based upon the assigned picture type and frame structure of the missing frame.

Abstract: A method of concealing errors in picture header information within H.263-encoded video compares current group-of-block frame identification (GFID) information to GFID information from the previous frame. If the GFID values are equal, the picture header information from the previous frame is used to decode the current frame. Otherwise, a selected parameter in the previous picture header information (for example, “picture type”) is altered and decoding proceeds with the altered picture header information. Preferably, only a portion of the current frame is initially decoded and validated prior to decoding the remainder of the frame. If the decoded portion is error-free, the decoding continues with the selected picture header information. If errors are found in the decoded portion, the picture header information is modified and the decoding process continues accordingly.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention is a method for detecting an echo path change (EPC) in a telecommunications network. The method detects whether the effectiveness of echo cancellation of an echo canceller has decreased relatively significantly. Once a relatively significant decrease is detected, the method determines whether the decrease was an EPC or an inadvertent detection of double talk (DT). In particular, the method considers whether echo is effectively cancelled over a hangover period. Further, echo return loss (ERL) estimates are generated over the hangover period and compared to a lowest-possible ERL for the network. If both (1) echo cancellation is ineffective and (2) a sufficient number of ERL estimates are not below the worst-case ERL, then an EPC decision is made. If either (1) echo cancellation is effective or (2) a sufficient number of ERL estimates are below the worst-case ERL, then a DT decision is made.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the presence of double talk (DT) is detected in a telecommunications network having a near-end user and a far-end user. The energies of both (1) a signal received from the far-end user by the near-end user and (2) a signal to be communicated from the near-end user to the far-end user are computed. An echo return loss (ERL) estimate is calculated based on the energy calculations, and a preliminary decision is made as to whether DT is present based on the ERL estimate and the energy calculations. If DT is detected, then a counter is set to a hangover value. If DT is not detected, then the counter is reduced. This process is repeated, and, for each iteration, a final decision as to whether DT is present is made based on the counter value.

Abstract: In a communication system transmitter, a baseband processor is configured for coupling via an upconverter to an input of a power amplifier of the transmitter. The baseband processor comprises a crest factor reduction element implementing an adaptive peak windowing algorithm for application to an input signal, the adaptive peak windowing algorithm comprising a function that is adaptively adjustable for reducing interference among different peaks of the input signal.

Abstract: For a given decision order, MMSE successive interference cancellation (MMSE-SIC) can simultaneously maximize SIRs of all users. To further increase its efficiency, a power control (PC) algorithm, under equal BER criterion, is disclosed for uplink MC-CDMA. In frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channels, the MMSE-SIC integrated with the equal BER PC suppresses multiple access interference (MAI) effectively, resulting in a performance very close to the single user bound (SUB).

Abstract: In one embodiment, the presence of double talk (DT) is detected in a telecommunications network having a near-end user and a far-end user. The energies of both (1) a signal received from the far-end user by the near-end user and (2) a signal to be communicated from the near-end user to the far-end user are computed. An echo return loss (ERL) estimate is calculated based on the energy calculations, and a preliminary decision is made as to whether DT is present based on the ERL estimate and the energy calculations. If DT is detected, then a counter is set to a hangover value. If DT is not detected, then the counter is reduced. This process is repeated, and, for each iteration, a final decision as to whether DT is present is made based on the counter value.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention is a method for detecting an echo path change (EPC) in a telecommunications network. The method detects whether the effectiveness of echo cancellation of an echo canceller has decreased relatively significantly. Once a relatively significant decrease is detected, the method determines whether the decrease was an EPC or an inadvertent detection of double talk (DT). In particular, the method considers whether echo is effectively cancelled over a hangover period. Further, echo return loss (ERL) estimates are generated over the hangover period and compared to a lowest-possible ERL for the network. If both (1) echo cancellation is ineffective and (2) a sufficient number of ERL estimates are not below the worst-case ERL, then an EPC decision is made. If either (1) echo cancellation is effective or (2) a sufficient number of ERL estimates are below the worst-case ERL, then a DT decision is made.

Abstract: A signal scrambling method based on combined symbol rotation and inversion (CSRI) for the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction of OFDM signals. By dividing OFDM sequences into subblocks and performing symbol rotation and inversion in each subblock, high degrees of freedom are available to offset the possibility of encounting poor sequences with large PAPR. In order to reduce the complexity of this scheme, two suboptimal CSRI schemes are disclosed, one based on a successive approach combined with symbol grouping, and the other based on a random approach combined with threshold control.

Abstract: A signal scrambling method is provided for peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction of STBC MIMO-OFDM signals in a MIMO-OFDM system having Y transmit antenna. In general terms the OFDM sequence of symbols in said signal for each transmit antenna is divided into M sub-blocks of equal size and subclockwise rotation and inversions are performed across all transmit antennas to generate [2Y]M permuted sequence sets from the original OFDM sequence. Based on a predetermined criteria, there is then selected from the resulting sets of OFDM sequences the one with the best PAPR properties for transmission. The predetermined criteria preferably comprises identifying maximums for all [2Y]M sequence sets, by calculating the largest PAPR value of Y sequences in each set and selecting a set with the minimum maximum for transmission.

Abstract: In a communication system transmitter, a baseband processor is configured for coupling via an upconverter to an input of a power amplifier of the transmitter. The baseband processor comprises a crest factor reduction element implementing an adaptive peak windowing algorithm for application to an input signal, the adaptive peak windowing algorithm comprising a function that is adaptively adjustable for reducing interference among different peaks of the input signal.

Abstract: A signal scrambling method is provided for peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction of STBC MIMO-OFDM signals in a MIMO-OFDM system having Y transmit antenna. In general terms the OFDM sequence of symbols in said signal for each transmit antenna is divided into M sub-blocks of equal size and subclockwise rotation and inversions are performed across all transmit antennas to generate [2Y]M permuted sequence sets from the original OFDM sequence. Based on a predetermined criteria, there is then selected from the resulting sets of OFDM sequences the one with the best PAPR properties for transmission. The predetermined criteria preferably comprises identifying maximums for all [2Y]M sequence sets, by calculating the largest PAPR value of Y sequences in each set and selecting a set with the minimum maximum for transmission.

Abstract: A signal scrambling method based on combined symbol rotation and inversion (CSRI) for the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction of OFDM signals. By dividing OFDM sequences into subblocks and performing symbol rotation and inversion in each subblock, high degrees of freedom are available to offset the possibility of encounting poor sequences with large PAPR. In order to reduce the complexity of this scheme, two suboptimal CSRI schemes are disclosed, one based on a successive approach combined with symbol grouping, and the other based on a random approach combined with threshold control.

Abstract: A signal scrambling method is provided for peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction of STBC MIMO-OFDM signals in a MIMO-OFDM system having Y transmit antenna. In general terms the OFDM sequence of symbols in said signal for each transmit antenna is divided into M sub-blocks of equal size and subclockwise subblockwise rotation and inversions are performed across all transmit antennas to generate [2Y]M permuted sequence sets from the original OFDM sequence. Based on a predetermined criteria, there is then selected from the resulting sets of OFDM sequences the one with the best PAPR properties for transmission. The predetermined criteria preferably comprises identifying maximums for all [2Y]M sequence sets, by calculating the largest PAPR value of Y sequences in each set and selecting a set with the minimum maximum for transmission.