Abstract: The present invention provides a defect analysis device including: an excitation unit (107) that imparts vibrations of a plurality of frequencies to a fluid (110) flowing through a pipe (108); a first detector (106) that, when the excitation part (107) is imparting vibrations, detects vibrations emanating from the pipe (108); and a signal processing unit (101) that extracts a feature quantity from a vibration waveform acquired by the first detector (106), and uses the extracted feature quantity to estimate the extent of a defect formed in the pipe (108).

Abstract: A leak detection device is provided which comprises: in order to suppress effects of extraneous vibration and improve accuracy of leak detection, a first detection unit (6) which detects vibration in a first direction and output a first signal S1 representing a magnitude of the vibration in the first direction, the first detection unit (6) being installed to a pipe (2) in which fluid (5) flows; a second detection unit (7) which detects vibration in a second direction different from the first direction and output a second signal S2 representing a magnitude of the vibration in the second direction, the second detection unit (7) being installed to the pipe (2); and a signal processing unit (10) which performs an arithmetic operation processing using the first signal S1 and the second signal S2.

Abstract: A first light source that emits first light of a first wavelength band; an optical path separator that separates the first light into fourth light and fifth light having different optical paths from each other; and a first optical path combiner that combines the fourth light and the fifth light are included, where the fourth light includes light of a fourth wavelength band being a predetermined band in the first wavelength band and light having a polarization component in a first direction being a predetermined polarization direction in a fifth wavelength band being a band other than the fourth wavelength band in the first wavelength band, and the fifth light is light having a polarization component in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction in the fifth wavelength band.

Abstract: A first light source that emits first light of a first wavelength band; an optical path separator that separates the first light into third light and second light whose polarization directions are orthogonal to each other; an optical path separator and combiner that separates the second light into fourth light and fifth light having different wavelength bands from each other; a reflector that reflects the fifth light to a direction of the optical path separator and combiner; and an optical path combiner that combines the third light and the second light are included.

Abstract: An optical element that can reduce the etendue of emitted light emitted from the optical element without having depend on the etendue of light-emitting elements is provided with a plasmon-excitation layer that is interposed between two layers having dielectric properties wherein, taking the plasmon-excitation layer as a border, the effective dielectric constant of the emission-side portion that is the emission layer side is higher than the effective dielectric constant of the incident-side portion that is the side of a carrier-generating layer, and the dielectric constant between the plasmon-excitation layer and the carrier-generating layer is higher than the dielectric constant between the carrier-generating layer and the light-incident surface.

Abstract: Provided is an optical element that highly efficiently radiates light with high directivity at low etendue. The optical element includes a light emission layer (103) generating an exciton to emit light, a plasmon excitation layer (105) having a higher plasma frequency than a light emission frequency of the light emission layer (103), an output layer (107) converting light or a surface plasmon generated on an upper surface of the plasmon excitation layer (105) into light with a predetermined output angle to output the light, and a dielectric layer (102).

Abstract: The present invention provides a defect analysis device including: an excitation unit (107) that imparts vibrations of a plurality of frequencies to a fluid (110) flowing through a pipe (108); a first detector (106) that, when the excitation part (107) is imparting vibrations, detects vibrations emanating from the pipe (108); and a signal processing unit (101) that extracts a feature quantity from a vibration waveform acquired by the first detector (106), and uses the extracted feature quantity to estimate the extent of a defect formed in the pipe (108).

Abstract: A first light source that emits first light of a first wavelength band; an optical path separator that separates the first light into fourth light and fifth light having different optical paths from each other; and a first optical path combiner that combines the fourth light and the fifth light are included, where the fourth light includes light of a fourth wavelength band being a predetermined band in the first wavelength band and light having a polarization component in a first direction being a predetermined polarization direction in a fifth wavelength band being a band other than the fourth wavelength band in the first wavelength band, and the fifth light is light having a polarization component in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction in the fifth wavelength band.

Abstract: A leak detection device is provided which comprises: in order to suppress effects of extraneous vibration and improve accuracy of leak detection, a first detection unit (6) which detects vibration in a first direction and output a first signal S1 representing a magnitude of the vibration in the first direction, the first detection unit (6) being installed to a pipe (2) in which fluid (5) flows; a second detection unit (7) which detects vibration in a second direction different from the first direction and output a second signal S2 representing a magnitude of the vibration in the second direction, the second detection unit (7) being installed to the pipe (2); and a signal processing unit (10) which performs an arithmetic operation processing using the first signal S1 and the second signal S2.

Abstract: A light source unit includes LED 1 with an emission surface and polarizer 2 that is positioned opposite the emission surface of LED 1 and in which the direction of a transmission axis varies depending on a position in the plane of polarizer 2. Polarizer 2 includes a recessed and protruding structure which transmits, from among light that travels from LED 1 side into polarizer 2, a portion of the light whose polarization direction is parallel to the transmission axis, while reflecting and diffracting a portion of the light whose polarization direction is orthogonal to the transmission axis. The recessed and protruding structure includes diffraction grating 3.

Abstract: A light source unit includes a light emission unit, a wavelength conversion unit and a first wavelength selection, unit. The light emission unit has a light emission surface which emits light of a first wavelength band and reflects incident light. The wavelength conversion unit has an incidence/emission surface which, when light of the first, wavelength band is incident on it, emits light of a second wavelength band toward the same side as that of the incidence of the light, of the first wavelength band and reflects light of the second wavelength band re-incident on it. The first wavelength selection unit has a first reflection surface which reflects light, of the first wavelength band and transmits light of the second wavelength band. Light from the light emission surface, light, reflected by the first reflection surface, and light reflected by the light emission surface become incident on the incidence/emission surface.

Abstract: A first light source that emits first light of a first wavelength band; an optical path separator that separates the first light into third light and second light whose polarization directions are orthogonal to each other; an optical path separator and combiner that separates the second light into fourth light and fifth light having different wavelength bands from each other; a reflector that reflects the fifth light to a direction of the optical path separator and combiner; and an optical path combiner that combines the third light and the second light are included.

Abstract: Disclosed are an optical device, an optical element, and an image display device that can achieve an improved absorption efficiency of excitation light. The optical device includes: a light-emitting element; a carrier generation layer on which light from the light-emitting element is incident and in which carriers are generated; a plasmon excitation layer that excites a plasmon, stacked on the upper side of the carrier generation layer and has a plasma frequency higher than a frequency of light generated when the carrier generation layer is excited by the light from the light-emitting element; and an exit layer that converts light or a surface plasmon generated on a surface of the plasmon excitation layer into light having a predetermined exit angle and from which the light having the predetermined exit angle exits. The optical device further includes a polarization conversion layer on the lower side of the carrier generation layer.

Abstract: Provided is a light-emitting element having high luminance and high directivity and emitting light in a controlled polarization state. The light-emitting element comprises substrate 3 and light emitting part 10 disposed on substrate 3 for emitting light in which light intensity of a polarization component in first direction x parallel to substrate 3 is higher than light intensities of polarization components in other directions. Light emitting part 10 includes active layer 12 for generating light and a plurality of structural bodies 14a disposed on a light-emitting side of light emitting part 10 with respect to active layer 12 and arrayed two-dimensionally along a surface substantially parallel to active layer 12. Each of structural bodies 14a has width w1 along first direction x and width w2 along second direction y perpendicular to first direction x, width w1 along first direction x and width w2 along second direction y being different from each other in a cross section parallel to active layer 12.

Abstract: Provided are an optical element, a lighting device, and an image display device, with which the absorption efficiency and the luminance of the excitation light can be improved. This optical element (40) is equipped with: a light-emitting layer (103) that generates excitation light; a plasmon excitation layer (105) stacked on the light-emitting layer (103) and having a higher plasma frequency than the light-emitting frequency of the light-emitting layer (103); an emission layer (207) that emits light by converting the surface plasmons or the light generated at the upper surface of the plasmon excitation layer (105) to light having a predetermined emission angle; and a metal layer (102) stacked on the underside of the light-emitting layer (103).

Abstract: Disclosed are an optical device, an optical element, and an image display device that can achieve an improved absorption efficiency of excitation light. The optical device includes: a light-emitting element; a carrier generation layer on which light from the light-emitting element is incident and in which carriers are generated; a plasmon excitation layer that excites a plasmon, stacked on the upper side of the carrier generation layer and has a plasma frequency higher than a frequency of light generated when the carrier generation layer is excited by the light from the light-emitting element; and an exit layer that converts light or a surface plasmon generated on a surface of the plasmon excitation layer into light having a predetermined exit angle and from which the light having the predetermined exit angle exits. The optical device further includes a polarization conversion layer on the lower side of the carrier generation layer.

Abstract: An optical element is provided with a plasmon excitation layer that facilitates both the control of plasmon resonant conditions and the improvement of conversion efficiency. The plasmon excitation layer that is provided in the optical element generates surface plasmons, and the plasmon excitation layer is made up of metal and a dielectric.

Abstract: An optical element that can reduce the etendue of emitted light emitted from the optical element without having depend on the etendue of light-emitting elements is provided with a plasmon-excitation layer that is interposed between two layers having dielectric properties wherein, taking the plasmon-excitation layer as a border, the effective dielectric constant of the emission-side portion that is the emission layer side is higher than the effective dielectric constant of the incident-side portion that is the side of a carrier-generating layer, and the dielectric constant between the plasmon-excitation layer and the carrier-generating layer is higher than the dielectric constant between the carrier-generating layer and the light-incident surface.

Abstract: An optical element that is capable of reventing an increase in size while increasing the light intensity of fluorescent light includes: a light-guide plate (21) that propagates light incident from a light source (1); a phosphor layer (22) that is provided on the light-guide plate (21) and that generates fluorescent light by means of light from the light-guide plate (21); a metal layer (23) that is layered on the phosphor layer (22); and a diffraction grating that is formed at the interface of the phosphor layer (22) and the metal layer (23).

Abstract: A light source unit includes LED 1 with an emission surface and polarizer 2 that is positioned opposite the emission surface of LED 1 and in which the direction of a transmission axis varies depending on a position in the plane of polarizer 2. Polarizer 2 includes a recessed and protruding structure which transmits, from among light that travels from LED 1 side into polarizer 2, a portion of the light whose polarization direction is parallel to the transmission axis, while reflecting and diffracting a portion of the light whose polarization direction is orthogonal to the transmission axis. The recessed and protruding structure includes diffraction grating 3.