Abstract: A grid-forming inverter comprises: a power stage configured to convert electric power according to on/off controls of switching devices and to output converted electric power to a grid; and a control circuit configured to calculate a first phase control value using an inertia model that integrates a difference between a power command value and an active output power value of the power stage, to calculate a second phase control value through feed-forward control that additionally reflects the power command value in the first phase control value, and to control the switching devices using pulse width modulation (PWM) according to the second phase control value.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present disclosure provides an arc risk management method comprising: pre-processing measurement values of currents flowing into an electric apparatus; estimating a level of arc energy in the electric apparatus by inputting the measurement values into one artificial intelligence network comprising a first layer including a dilated convolutional neural network and a second layer including a recurrent neural network; and indicating an arc risk to the electric apparatus in a quantitative way according to the level of arc energy.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present disclosure provides an arc detection method, in which an apparatus detects arcs, comprising the steps of: obtaining time series data for measured values of an electric current flowing in a wire; calculating first statistical values indicating dispersion degrees with time of the measured values or dispersion degrees with time of variances of the measured values from the time series data; and determining that an arc occurs in the wire or that the possibility of arc occurrence in the wire is high in a case when at least one of the first statistical values is out of a predefined range.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present disclosure provides an arc detection method, in which an apparatus detects arcs, comprising the steps of: obtaining time series data for measured values of an electric current flowing in a wire; calculating first statistical values indicating dispersion degrees with time of the measured values or dispersion degrees with time of variances of the measured values from the time series data; and determining that an arc occurs in the wire or that the possibility of arc occurrence in the wire is high in a case when at least one of the first statistical values is out of a predefined range.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present disclosure provides an arc detection method, in which an apparatus detects arcs, comprising the steps of: obtaining time series data for measured values of an electric current flowing in a wire; calculating first statistical values indicating dispersion degrees with time of the measured values or dispersion degrees with time of variances of the measured values from the time series data; and determining that an arc occurs in the wire or that the possibility of arc occurrence in the wire is high in a case when at least one of the first statistical values is out of a predefined range.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present disclosure provides an arc detection method, in which an apparatus detects arcs, comprising the steps of: obtaining time series data for measured values of an electric current flowing in a wire; calculating first statistical values indicating dispersion degrees with time of the measured values or dispersion degrees with time of variances of the measured values from the time series data; and determining that an arc occurs in the wire or that the possibility of arc occurrence in the wire is high in a case when at least one of the first statistical values is out of a predefined range.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a multifunctional energy storage system in which one energy storage system is capable of performing a plurality of functions and an operating method thereof.

Abstract: An output power control method of a wind generator includes: when a disturbance occurs, increasing output power of the wind generator by adding the active power proportional to kinetic energy stored in the wind generator at the instant of a disturbance, wherein the increasing of output power calculates an increment of the output power by using a mechanical input curve and an electrical output curve at a corresponding wind speed of the wind generator, and the increment of the output power is determined as a constant which makes the mechanical input curve of the wind generator and the electrical output curve intersect at least at one point according to each input wind speed, and when an intersection determined above is formed at a rotor speed lower than ?min, the increment of the output power is determined as a maximum constant value which makes the rotor speed reach a predetermined point.