Abstract: A tracking and adaptive compensation method for power fluctuation of a pulse load of a ship is provided. The method includes: based on a microgrid topology model of the ship, a pulse load model of the pulse load, and an interharmonic power and pulse parameter relationship model, performing power fluctuation tracking, frequency selection and a power spectrum analysis to obtain filtering parameters of a low-pass filter and filtering parameters of a band-pass filter; performing waveform adaptation to eliminate a phase delay caused by the low-pass filter and the band-pass filter, and obtaining a control command for a power compensation strategy; and generating, by a power loop, a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal to control a switching tube in a bidirectional direct current (DC)/DC converter of each of an energy storage battery pack and a supercapacitor of a hybrid energy storage system.