Abstract: The disclosure relates to systems and methods for the production of hydrogen (H2) from ammonia (NH3) in a membrane reactor that include using ammonia as a sweep gas. Ammonia is converted to hydrogen and nitrogen (N2), and the hydrogen is separated from the nitrogen and unreacted ammonia by passing the hydrogen through a hydrogen-permeable membrane while using ammonia as a sweep gas. The ammonia sweep gas can be separated from the permeated hydrogen and continuously recycled.

Abstract: An apparatus for in situ producing hydrogen sulfide (H2S) for laboratory use comprises a feed preparation section (A) for pre-treating a liquid feedstock with organic sulfur containing components; a hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production section (B) downstream of the feed preparation section (A) for producing hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from the organic sulfur containing components at elevated temperature; a separation section (C) downstream of the hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production section (B) for separating a vaporous portion of the liquid feedstock from a liquid portion at a temperature lower than the elevated temperature of section (B); a product analysis section (D) downstream of the separation section for analysing the amount of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the vaporous portion; a plurality of feeding lines for conveying the liquid feedstock; and a direct feeding line (E) from the separation section (C) for directly introducing the vaporous portion of the liquid feedstock into the laboratory setup.

Abstract: An apparatus for testing corrosiveness of liquid feedstock includes a feed preparation section (A) for pre-treating the liquid feedstock; a feed treatment section (B) downstream of the feed preparation section (A) for treating the pre-treated liquid feedstock at elevated temperature; a separation section (C) downstream of the feed treatment section (B) for separating a liquid portion from a vaporous portion at a temperature lower than the elevated temperature of the feed treatment section (B); a product analysis section (D) downstream of the separation section for analysing the amount of corrosive species in the liquid portion ; and one or more corrosion coupons (1-9). The corrosion coupons (1-9) are placed into one or more of the feed preparation section (A), the feed treatment section (B), the separation section (C) or the product analysis section (D) such that the corrosion coupons are in contact with the liquid feedstock during operation.

Abstract: The disclosed subject matter presents a catalyst or catalyst composition as well as the methods of making and using the catalyst or catalyst composition. In one aspect, the disclosed subject matter relates to a catalyst comprising CoMnaSibXcYdOx wherein in X comprises an element from Group 11; Y comprises an element from Group 12; a ranges from 0.8 to 1.2; b ranges from 0.1 to 1; c ranges from 0.01 to 0.05; d ranges from 0.01 to 0.05; x is a number determined by the valency requirements of the other elements present; and wherein the catalyst converts synthesis gas to at least one olefin.

Abstract: The present disclosures and inventions relate to a catalyst or catalyst composition and the methods of making and using the catalyst or catalyst composition. In one aspect, the present disclosure relates to a catalyst composition that includes a catalyst having the formula CA CB Ox and a catalyst support; a) CA is CoaMnbXd, wherein X comprises Si, Ti, Cu, Zns Pd, or La or a combination thereof; a ranges from 0.8 to 1.2; b ranges from 0.1 to 1; and d ranges from 0 to 0.5; and b) CB is NieCufMghSim, wherein e ranges from about 0.8 to 1.2; f ranges from 0 to 1; h ranges from 0 to 0.5; and m ranges from 0 to 0.5; wherein Ox is determined by the valence requirements of the other elements present, wherein in the catalyst support consists essentially of magnesia, alumina, silica, titanic, carbon, or zeolite, or a combination thereof; and wherein the catalyst composition converts synthesis gas to at least one olefin.

Abstract: The present disclosures and inventions relate to a catalyst or catalyst composition and the methods of making and using the catalyst or catalyst composition. In one aspect, the present disclosure relates to a catalyst composition that includes a catalyst having the formula CA CB Ox and a catalyst support; a) CA is CoaMnbXd, wherein X comprises Si, Ti, Cu, Zns Pd, or La or a combination thereof; a ranges from 0.8 to 1.2; b ranges from 0.1 to 1; and d ranges from 0 to 0.5; and b) CB is NieCufMghSim, wherein e ranges from about 0.8 to 1.2; f ranges from 0 to 1; h ranges from 0 to 0.5; and m ranges from 0 to 0.5; wherein Ox is determined by the valence requirements of the other elements present, wherein in the catalyst support consists essentially of magnesia, alumina, silica, titanic, carbon, or zeolite, or a combination thereof; and wherein the catalyst composition converts synthesis gas to at least one olefin.