Abstract: An antenna system can include a dielectric substrate having a top surface and a bottom surface that is covered by a ground plane. Four identical antenna elements can be disposed on the bottom surface. Each antenna element can be formed by a pentagonal slot that is etched out of the ground plane. The four antenna elements are positioned symmetrically such that a layout of the four antenna elements has left-right symmetry and top-bottom symmetry. The dielectric substrate can be rectangular, and each pentagonal slot can have a side that is parallel with a longer edge of the dielectric substrate without a center of the pentagonal slots positioned between the side and the longer edge. The antenna system can further include a varactor diode for each of the four antenna elements. A capacitance of the varactor diode is loaded across the respective pentagonal slot.

Abstract: A mm-wave antenna apparatus with beam steering function that includes: a Butler Matrix feeding network; a plurality of power combiners, each power combiner having one input and N outputs, configured to apply equal phase and power to a phase distributed output signal generated by the Butler Matrix feeding network and to generate N processed signals; and a plurality of millimeter wave switched beam planar antenna arrays having at least 1.5 GHz of bandwidth and located on a top low loss dielectric substrate, each antenna array of N elements, configured to obtain direct and narrow width beams from the N processed signals combined by each power combiner.

Abstract: A mm-wave antenna apparatus with beam steering function that includes: a Butler Matrix feeding network; a plurality of power combiners, each power combiner having one input and N outputs, configured to apply equal phase and power to a phase distributed output signal generated by the Butler Matrix feeding network and to generate N processed signals; and a plurality of millimeter wave switched beam planar antenna arrays having at least 1.5 GHz of bandwidth and located on a top low loss dielectric substrate, each antenna array of N elements, configured to obtain direct and narrow width beams from the N processed signals combined by each power combiner.

Abstract: The reconfigurable MIMO and sensing antenna system combines a 2-element reconfigurable MIMO antenna system with a UWB element. The complete setup is suitable for CR platforms that require sensing UWB band availability. The design is planar in structure and includes a pair of PIFAs disposed on a dielectric substrate top surface. The UWB sensing element is disposed on the dielectric substrate bottom surface. An F-head portion of each PIFA has two arms extending to a longer peripheral edge of the substrate. An F-tail portion of each PIFA extends from the substrate's shorter peripheral edge. The two PIFAs are mirror images of each other. For each PIFA, three diode circuits include a PIN diode in combination with a varactor diode connected to and extending away from the F-tail portion of the PIFA, thereby creating separate radiating branches of the PIFA.

Abstract: A mm-wave antenna apparatus with beam steering function that includes: a Butler Matrix feeding network; a plurality of power combiners, each power combiner having one input and N outputs, configured to apply equal phase and power to a phase distributed output signal generated by the Butler Matrix feeding network and to generate N processed signals; and a plurality of millimeter wave switched beam planar antenna arrays having at least 1.5 GHz of bandwidth and located on a top low loss dielectric substrate, each antenna array of N elements, configured to obtain direct and narrow width beams from the N processed signals combined by each power combiner.

Abstract: The reconfigurable MIMO and sensing antenna system combines a 2-element reconfigurable MIMO antenna system with a UWB element. The complete setup is suitable for CR platforms that require sensing UWB band availability. The design is planar in structure and includes a pair of PIFAs disposed on a dielectric substrate top surface. The UWB sensing element is disposed on the dielectric substrate bottom surface. An F-head portion of each PIFA has two arms extending to a longer peripheral edge of the substrate. An F-tail portion of each PIFA extends from the substrate's shorter peripheral edge. The two PIFAs are mirror images of each other. For each PIFA, three diode circuits include a PIN diode in combination with a varactor diode connected to and extending away from the F-tail portion of the PIFA, thereby creating separate radiating branches of the PIFA.

Abstract: A mm-wave antenna apparatus with beam steering function that includes: a Butler Matrix feeding network; a plurality of power combiners, each power combiner having one input and N outputs, configured to apply equal phase and power to a phase distributed output signal generated by the Butler Matrix feeding network and to generate N processed signals; and a plurality of millimeter wave switched beam planar antenna arrays having at least 1.5 GHz of bandwidth and located on a top low loss dielectric substrate, each antenna array of N elements, configured to obtain direct and narrow width beams from the N processed signals combined by each power combiner.

Abstract: The beam steering antenna method for unmanned vehicles includes circuits that automatically execute an algorithm in an unmanned vehicle (UV) that enhances the communication link by steering the beam of a patch antenna array to the direction of the maximum received signal strength (RSS) utilizing a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) module. The algorithm can be used on both unmanned ground vehicles (UGV) and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). The algorithm was tested through a simulation environment that integrates a virtual feasible aircraft trajectory and an antenna radiation pattern generator. The designed algorithm is simple and fast enough to be executed in real time using a very small hardware platform that can fit inside a small size, low payload vehicle.

Abstract: The food calorie counting system relates to a calorie counting system that utilizes a container with at least one chamber for holding food materials, sensitive scales integrated into the chambers to weigh the food, and a processor to calculate the number of calories in the food items based on weight, type of food and method of preparation. The number of calories is then displayed on a display device to a user. The system may be used as a stand-alone device, or may further utilize an external central control unit where information from the container is transmitted to the external control unit for processing, food calorie calculation and transmission back to the containers for display.

Abstract: The food calorie counting system relates to a calorie counting system that utilizes a container with at least one chamber for holding food materials, sensitive scales integrated into the chambers to weigh the food, and a processor to calculate the number of calories in the food items based on weight, type of food and method of preparation. The number of calories is then displayed on a display device to a user. The system may be used as a stand-alone device, or may further utilize an external central control unit where information from the container is transmitted to the external control unit for processing, food calorie calculation and transmission back to the containers for display.