Abstract: An apparatus is provided for sensing a molecule in a sample. The apparatus utilizes an electric field to draw molecules from a first chamber through an aperture, defined by a chemical layer, into a second chamber. The apparatus can detect a DNA molecule with, for example, 4, 5, or 6 unique base pairs. As molecules pass through the aperture, a sensor detects or measures a change in an electric parameter used to generate the electric field, thereafter translating the change in the electric parameter into information about the molecule. A divider element separates the first and second chambers and supports a chemical layer defining the aperture. The apparatus enables detection or measurement of molecules over prolonged time at a higher electric field strength than other nanopores, due to a combination of the shape of the divider, structural elements thereon, and thickness of the chemical layer at the aperture.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a component and a component are provided for sensing a molecule. The method includes controlling a temperature during a reaction of two gases that react to produce a crystalline film spanning at least a cross-sectional area of a nanoaperture defined by a substrate among an array of nanoapertures aligned with crater structures defined by the substrate. A unique chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method that introduces a first gas and a second gas allows for formation of the crystalline film. When used in a molecule sensor, the component enables a user to record double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) translocations at unprecedented high (e.g., 1 MHz) bandwidths. The method for manufacturing the component enables development of applications requiring single-layer membranes built at- scale and enables high throughput 2-dimensional (2D) nanofluidics and nanopore studies.

Abstract: A system and apparatus are provided for sensing a molecule in a sample for identifying the molecule in the sample. Also provided is a method of manufacturing an apparatus for sensing a molecule in a sample. The system and apparatus may contain a composition of a mixture of a buffer solution and a sample solution containing a sample. The apparatus contains a series of wells. The sample is deposited into the system and a molecule having an electric charge in the sample attaches to a layer in a well of the apparatus, allowing for a sensor connected to the apparatus to identify the molecule.

Abstract: A multiplexed digital detection platform embodiment for molecular species in solution is based on a single-molecule immunochemistry, and/or aptamer chemistry, on color-barcoded beads. Beads that capture molecular species from a complex sample using selective binders are exposed to a test sample, and the captured molecular species is tagged using second affinity probes that are linked to photocleavable nucleic acid particles. In the embodiment, the beads are then introduced to a counter system that comprises a microcavity/nanopore device. Once a bead is captured by the micropore, nucleic acid particles, e.g., reporter nucleic acid nanoparticles (rNANPs), are released using photocleavage, and are detected by the nanopore. Each electrical spike that is uniquely produced by the nucleic acid nanoparticle is counted as a single molecular species, and the total count represents the overall number of molecular species in the sample. Various molecular species can be detected at the same time.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for sensing a molecule in a sample. The apparatus utilizes an electric field to draw molecules from a first chamber through an aperture, defined by a chemical layer, into a second chamber. The apparatus can detect a DNA molecule with, for example, 4, 5, or 6 unique base pairs. As molecules pass through the aperture, a sensor detects or measures a change in an electric parameter used to generate the electric field, thereafter translating the change in the electric parameter into information about the molecule. A divider element separates the first and second chambers and supports a chemical layer defining the aperture. The apparatus enables detection or measurement of molecules over prolonged time at a higher electric field strength than other nanopores, due to a combination of the shape of the divider, structural elements thereon, and thickness of the chemical layer at the aperture.

Abstract: A multiplexed digital detection platform embodiment for molecular species in solution is based on a single-molecule immunochemistry, and/or aptamer chemistry, on color-barcoded beads. Beads that capture molecular species from a complex sample using selective binders are exposed to a test sample, and the captured molecular species is tagged using second affinity probes that are linked to photocleavable nucleic acid particles. In the embodiment, the beads are then introduced to a counter system that comprises a microcavity/nanopore device. Once a bead is captured by the micropore, nucleic acid particles, e.g., reporter nucleic acid nanoparticles (rNANPs), are released using photocleavage, and are detected by the nanopore. Each electrical spike that is uniquely produced by the nucleic acid nanoparticle is counted as a single molecular species, and the total count represents the overall number of molecular species in the sample. Various molecular species can be detected at the same time.