Abstract: A method to form a metal matrix composite reinforced with eggshell (ES). The method includes preparing an ES powder, blending and milling the ES powder with at least one metal powder selected from the group consisting of magnesium (Mg), zirconium (Zr) to form a powder mixture, compacting and sintering the powder mixture to form the metal matrix composite. In addition, a Mg—Zr-ES metal matrix composite with improved corrosion resistance, having an amount of magnesium from 95 to 97 wt. %, an amount of zirconium from 1 to 2 wt. %, and an amount of ES from 1 to 4 wt. %, may be used for biomedical applications.

Abstract: A method to form a metal matrix composite reinforced with eggshell (ES). The method includes preparing an ES powder, blending and milling the ES powder with at least one metal powder selected from the group consisting of magnesium (Mg), zirconium (Zr) to form a powder mixture, compacting and sintering the powder mixture to form the metal matrix composite. In addition, a Mg—Zr-ES metal matrix composite with improved corrosion resistance, having an amount of magnesium from 95 to 97 wt. %, an amount of zirconium from 1 to 2 wt. %, and an amount of ES from 1 to 4 wt. %, may be used for biomedical applications.

Abstract: Provided herein are neuroprotective molecules containing a sequence of 25-35 contiguous nucleotides between nucleotide 1 and nucleotide 50 of a mature human tRNA and at least four contiguous guanosine-containing nucleotides, where the sequence of 25-35 contiguous nucleotides contains a D-loop stem structure, the at least four contiguous guanosine-containing nucleotides are located at the 5? end of the neuroprotective molecule, and the neuroprotective molecule contains at least one deoxyribonucleotide. Also provided are neuroprotective molecules containing a sequence of 25-35 contiguous nucleotides between nucleotide 1 and nucleotide 50 of a mature human tRNACYS; and at least four contiguous guanosine-containing nucleotides, where the sequence of 25-35 contiguous nucleotides contains a D-loop stem structure and the at least four contiguous guanosine-containing nucleotides are located at the 5? end of the neuroprotective molecule.

Abstract: Single band and multiband wireless antennas are an important element of wireless systems. Competing tradeoffs of overall footprint, performance aspects such as impedance matching and cost require not only consideration but become significant when multiple antenna elements are employed within a single antenna such as to obtain circular polarization transmit and/or receive. Accordingly, it would be beneficial to provide designers of a wide range of electrical devices and systems with compact single or multiple frequency band antennas which, in addition to providing the controlled radiation pattern and circular polarization purity (where required) are impedance matched without substantially increasing the footprint of the antenna and/or the complexity of the microwave/RF circuit interfaced to them, whilst supporting multiple signals to/from multiple antenna elements in antennas employing them.

Abstract: A method to form a metal matrix composite reinforced with eggshell (ES). The method includes preparing an ES powder, blending and milling the ES powder with at least one metal powder selected from the group consisting of magnesium (Mg), zirconium (Zr) to form a powder mixture, compacting and sintering the powder mixture to form the metal matrix composite. In addition, a Mg—Zr-ES metal matrix composite with improved corrosion resistance, having an amount of magnesium from 95 to 97 wt. %, an amount of zirconium from 1 to 2 wt. %, and an amount of ES from 1 to 4 wt. %, may be used for biomedical applications.

Abstract: There is provided methods and apparatuses for training multiple reinforcement learning agents without requiring inter-agent or agent-server communication in multi-agent reinforcement learning applications where fairness between the agents is desired. According to embodiments, fairness between multiple deep reinforcement learning agents in the same environment can be achieved while not requiring inter-agent communication. The method includes creating episodes where two or more RL agents are deployed in a shared environment, each RL agent behaving independently according to its own policy without inter-agent communication. The method further includes storing the RL agent's experiences in a shared experience replay buffer that exists across multiple training episodes, the shared experience replay buffer being shared between the RL agents.

Abstract: Single band and multiband wireless antennas are an important element of wireless systems. Competing tradeoffs of overall footprint, performance aspects such as impedance matching and cost require not only consideration but become significant when multiple antenna elements are employed within a single antenna such as to obtain circular polarization transmit and/or receive. Accordingly, it would be beneficial to provide designers of a wide range of electrical devices and systems with compact single or multiple frequency band antennas which, in addition to providing the controlled radiation pattern and circular polarization purity (where required) are impedance matched without substantially increasing the footprint of the antenna and/or the complexity of the microwave/RF circuit interfaced to them, whilst supporting multiple signals to/from multiple antenna elements in antennas employing them.

Abstract: Single band and multiband wireless antennas are an important element of wireless systems. Competing tradeoffs of overall footprint, performance aspects such as impedance matching and cost require not only consideration but become significant when multiple antenna elements are employed within a single antenna such as to obtain circular polarization transmit and/or receive. Accordingly, it would be beneficial to provide designers of a wide range of electrical devices and systems with compact single or multiple frequency band antennas which, in addition to providing the controlled radiation pattern and circular polarization purity (where required) are impedance matched without substantially increasing the footprint of the antenna and/or the complexity of the microwave/RF circuit interfaced to them, whilst supporting multiple signals to/from multiple antenna elements in antennas employing them.

Abstract: Described herein is a mechanism for improving the accuracy of a language model interpreting short input utterances. A language model operates in a stateless manner, only ascertaining the intents and/or entities associated with a presented input utterance. To increase the accuracy, two language understanding models are trained. One is trained using only input utterances. The second is trained using input utterance-prior dialog context pairs. The prior dialog context is previous intents and/or entities already determined from the utterances in prior turns of the dialog. When input is received, the language understanding model decides whether the input comprises only an utterance or an utterance and prior dialog context. The appropriate trained machine learning model is selected and the intents and/or entities associated with the input determined by the selected machine learning model.

Abstract: Described herein is a mechanism for improving the accuracy of a language model interpreting short input utterances. A language model operates in a stateless manner, only ascertaining the intents and/or entities associated with a presented input utterance. To increase the accuracy, two language understanding models are trained. One is trained using only input utterances. The second is trained using input utterance-prior dialog context pairs. The prior dialog context is previous intents and/or entities already determined from the utterances in prior turns of the dialog. When input is received, the language understanding model decides whether the input comprises only an utterance or an utterance and prior dialog context. The appropriate trained machine learning model is selected and the intents and/or entities associated with the input determined by the selected machine learning model.

Abstract: Provided herein are neuroprotective molecules containing a sequence of 25-35 contiguous nucleotides between nucleotide 1 and nucleotide 50 of a mature human tRNA and at least four contiguous guanosine-containing nucleotides, where the sequence of 25-35 contiguous nucleotides contains a D-loop stem structure, the at least four contiguous guanosine-containing nucleotides are located at the 5? end of the neuroprotective molecule, and the neuroprotective molecule contains at least one deoxyribonucleotide. Also provided are neuroprotective molecules containing a sequence of 25-35 contiguous nucleotides between nucleotide 1 and nucleotide 50 of a mature human tRNACYS; and at least four contiguous guanosine-containing nucleotides, where the sequence of 25-35 contiguous nucleotides contains a D-loop stem structure and the at least four contiguous guanosine-containing nucleotides are located at the 5? end of the neuroprotective molecule.

Abstract: Provided herein are neuroprotective molecules containing a sequence of 25-35 contiguous nucleotides between nucleotide 1 and nucleotide 50 of a mature human tRNA and at least four contiguous guanosine-containing nucleotides, where the sequence of 25-35 contiguous nucleotides contains a D-loop stem structure, the at least four contiguous guanosine-containing nucleotides are located at the 5? end of the neuroprotective molecule, and the neuroprotective molecule contains at least one deoxyribonucleotide. Also provided are neuroprotective molecules containing a sequence of 25-35 contiguous between nucleotide 1 and nucleotide 50 of a mature human tRNACYS; and at least four contiguous guanosine-containing nucleotides, where the sequence of 25-35 contiguous nucleotides contains a D-loop stem structure and the at least four contiguous guanosine-containing nucleotides are located at the 5? end of the neuroprotective molecule.

Abstract: Provided herein are neuroprotective molecules containing a sequence of 25-35 contiguous nucleotides that is at least 80% identical to a contiguous sequence between nucleotide 1 and nucleotide 50 of a mature human tRNA and at least four contiguous guanosine-containing nucleotides, where the sequence of 25-35 contiguous nucleotides contains a D-loop stem structure, the at least four contiguous guanosine-containing nucleotides are located at the 5? end of the neuroprotective molecule, and the neuroprotective molecule contains at least one deoxyribonucleotide.

Abstract: Provided herein are neuroprotective molecules containing a sequence of 25-35 contiguous nucleotides that is at least 80% identical to a contiguous sequence between nucleotide 1 and nucleotide 50 of a mature human tRNA and at least four contiguous guanosine-containing nucleotides, where the sequence of 25-35 contiguous nucleotides contains a D-loop stem structure, the at least four contiguous guanosine-containing nucleotides are located at the 5? end of the neuroprotective molecule, and the neuroprotective molecule contains at least one deoxyribonucleotide. Also provided are methods of inducing or increasing stress granule formation in a cell, decreasing protein translation in a cell, decreasing stress-induced cell death, or treating a neurological disorder associated with neuron death in a subject using at least one of these neuroprotective molecules.

Abstract: Provided herein are neuroprotective molecules containing a sequence of 25-35 contiguous nucleotides that is at least 80% identical to a contiguous sequence between nucleotide 1 and nucleotide 50 of a mature human tRNA and at least four contiguous guanosine-containing nucleotides, where the sequence of 25-35 contiguous nucleotides contains a D-loop stem structure, the at least four contiguous guanosine-containing nucleotides are located at the 5? end of the neuroprotective molecule, and the neuroprotective molecule contains at least one deoxyribonucleotide.