Abstract: A shoe sole comprising a case having a liquid-filled chamber which isostatically redistributes pressure on the weight-bearing portion of the foot is disclosed. The pressure created in the liquid-filled chamber is applied against the peripheral wall of the chamber. A first portion of the peripheral wall is able to buckle and store energy when the foot pushes against the ground and to release the stored energy, spring-like, into the liquid-filled chamber when the foot moves from the ground. The remainder of the peripheral wall does not buckle at pressure levels at which the first portion buckles, thereby protecting the sole from a sliding phenomenon which would cause structural instability of the sole while buckling. A force magnifying or dividing ability may also be provided by forming the surface of the chamber bottom with an area which differs from the area of the surface of the chamber ceiling which is in immediate contact with the weight-bearing surface of the foot.

Abstract: An improved system of numerical description "in-the-large" of a program logic is used for global analysis of long-lived programs needed for perfective maintenance, including program enhancing and program reusing. Documentation "in-the-large" comprises linear program circuits, each circuit consisting of at least three non-routine logical parts consecutively following each other. A program circuit is individually numbered and its data-processing task is semantically described, creating a linear data flow (LDF). Documentation "in-the-large" is developed from the immediate environment of each logical part, this environment being represented by a numerical description of all links of this part with neighboring logical parts.

Abstract: Data processing for an improved description of the logical structure of a large computer programs supervises, implements and coordinates a collection of informational words numerically describing links between different individually numbered portions of the computer program. These portions are called logical parts. Each link represents a transfer of control from one logical part through its exit to the entrance of another logical part. Each informational word contains at least seven numbers; of which three numbers--a logical part number, an exit number, a program line number of the exit--describing the exit of one logical part, the other three numbers describing the entrance of the linked logical part, and the last number describing the location of the informational word in the collection.

Abstract: Data processing for an improved bookkeeping and accounting system supervises, implements and coordinates a collection of coded data, the number of which is fixed and does not exceed several dozens; which represent totals of accounts describing financial condition of a business; and which are distinguished by the feature that the total of all asset accounts are equal to the total of all equity accounts. Attributes of checks and invoices reflecting new business transactions are entered into the system and each document affects the collection according to the change of financial condition in such a way that the asset-equity equation is always kept in balance. Statement of financial condition and income statement are formed based on the last updated collection of coded data and on a comparison of the last and the reference collections. The attributes of documents of business transaction after having been processed are arranged to form a database for a subsequent updating of accounting journals.

Abstract: An improved anodizing process produces on aluminum and on alloys of aluminum a hard oxide film of greater thickness and better abrasion resistance then can be obtained in the conventional Sanford anodizing process which uses an organic substance sold under the trademark "Sanfran" as an additive to the electrolyte. In the improved process, the DC voltage employed in the conventional process is modulated by a sinusoidal AC voltage of standard industrial frequency and the modulation factor is not permitted to exceed 100% to prevent reversal of the current through the oxide film. The DC voltage is AC modulated during the entire term of the process. In an initial period of 1 to 2 minutes, the DC voltage is raised to about 10 volts and then is raised at a rate of about one half volt per minute to a level within the range of 14 to 19 volts. Upon reaching that level, the DC voltage is held constant for a dwell period of at least five minutes.