Abstract: An electrochemical system includes a hydrogen diffusion barrier physically separating the system into a hydrogen rich zone and a hydrogen poor zone, an electronic component located in the hydrogen poor zone and exposed to hydrogen diffusing from the hydrogen rich zone, a hydrogen pump, located in the hydrogen rich zone and the hydrogen poor zone, including: a cathode, an anode, an electrolyte separating the cathode and the anode, an anode encapsulation contacting the anode and a portion of the electrolyte, and an external electrical circuit biased to drive H+ current from the anode to the cathode to pump hydrogen diffusing from the hydrogen rich zone into the hydrogen poor zone back into the hydrogen rich zone.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell active hydrogen capture and release system including a first zone having a target predetermined concentration of hydrogen c1 and housing: an electrical component, an adsorbing electrode including a hydrogen adsorbing material, a counter electrode separated from the adsorbing electrode, and an electric circuit connecting the adsorbing and counter electrodes to apply electrical bias configured to facilitate capture and release of hydrogen gas from the adsorbing electrode; and a second zone having a target predetermined concentration of hydrogen c2, c2 being greater than c1.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes a first hydrogen-rich zone including a cathode, a second hydrogen-poor zone including an anode, an electrical component, and a sorbent configured to capture hydrogen in the second zone and release hydrogen protons into the first zone, an electrolyte located between the cathode and the sorbent, and an electrical circuit arranged to apply voltage bias to remove the captured hydrogen from the sorbent.

Abstract: A catalyst support material for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The catalyst support material includes a metal material of an at least partially oxidized form of TiNb3O6 reactive with H3O+, HF and/or SO3? to form reaction products in which the metal material of the at least partially oxidized form of TiNb3O6 accounts for a stable molar percentage of the reaction products.

Abstract: A propane gas-utilizing system includes a housing having propane gas and a propane leakage prevention material having a catalyst, scavenger, and/or oxidizer of the propane gas arranged in the housing and including at least one of (a) an oxide material having at least one composition of formula (I): Ru1-xMxO2 (I), where 0<x?0.1 and M is Ag, K, Pt, Rh, or Ir, or (b) an oxide material having at least one composition of formula (II): Co3-xMxO4 (II), where 0<x?0.3, and M is Pd, Cu, or Sr, or (c) an oxide material having at least one composition of formula (III): MM?xOy (III), where x is a stoichiometric ratio of M? to M, 0?x?1.5, y is a stoichiometric ratio of O to M, 1?y?3, M is an alkali metal, and M? (if x>0) is Y, Ce, Nb, Ta, La, Nd, Mn, Ag, Au, or Cr.

Abstract: A catalyst for a membrane electron assembly (MEA) comprising: a ternary oxide material having at least one composition of formula (I): IrxM1-xO2 (I), where x is any number between about 0.25 and 0.75, and M is Ag, Au, Ba, Bi, Ca, Ce, Eu, Ge, Hf, La, Nd, Os, Pd, Pr, Re, Rh, Se, Sm, Tl, or W, the material being configured to catalyze oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and increase stability, activity, or both of the catalyst.

Abstract: A current conductor for use in an electrochemical device for removing ions from a solution. The current conductor includes a current conductor substrate having a current conductor surface. The current conductor also includes an anti-corrosive, anti-reactive coating coated onto the current conductor surface. The anti-corrosive, anti-reactive coating contains a material with a chemical composition of AOy, where A= Zr, Nb, Ti, or a combination thereof and 2 < y < 3; MxAOy, where M= Ca, Mg, Na, or a combination thereof, A= Zr, Nb, Ti, or a combination thereof, 0 < x < 2, and 2 < y < 3; MgCr2O4; or a combination thereof.

Abstract: A fuel cell catalyst material includes metal catalyst particles formed of a metal material and a carbon-based coating composition at least partially coating at least some of the metal catalyst particles. The carbon-based coating composition includes a carbon network. The carbon-based coating composition is doped with a dopant. The carbon-based coating composition includes a number of defects formed by one or more vacated carbon atoms in the carbon network.

Abstract: A computational method for training a neural network force field (NNFF) configured to simulate molecular and/or atomic motion within a material system. The method includes the step of receiving molecular structure data of a molecule in the material system. The method also includes optimizing a geometry of the molecule using the molecular structure data and a density functional theory (DFT) simulation to obtain DFT optimized geometry data. The method further includes optimizing the geometry of the molecule using the molecular structure data and a classical force field (FF) simulation to obtain FF optimized geometry data. The method also includes outputting NNFF training data comprised of the DFT optimized geometry data and the FF optimized geometry data. The NNFF training data is configured to train an NNFF for simulating molecular and/or atomic molecular and/or atomic motion within the material system.

Abstract: A soil sampler attachable to a vehicle for agricultural uses includes a collector configured to collect a soil sample from a field as the vehicle advances across the field. The soil sampler further includes a preprocessor connected to the collector and configured to receive the soil sample from the collector and to preprocess the soil sample to dilute the soil sample. The soil sampler also includes a sensor connected to the preprocessor and configured to determine a concentration of at least one analyte in the soil sample. The soil sampler further includes a disposer connected to the sensor and configured to dispose the soil sample after the sensor determines the concentration of the at least one analyte in the soil sample.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for detecting a crack in an automotive windshield and alerting a user of the same. This can allow the user to repair the crack before the user might otherwise detect the crack by his/her own visual inspection. The windshield can be provided with emitters configured to emit signals (e.g., sound, light, etc.) and corresponding detectors configured to detect the emitted signals. Signal profiles or signatures can be stored that represent normal measurements when there is no crack. Upon detecting a signal signature that deviates from the stored normal signal signatures, the system can notify the user of a potential crack in the windshield. The system can also determine the location of the crack based upon which of the detectors detect a change in the detected signal.

Abstract: Systems and methods for monitoring the quality of water or leaks within a household plumbing system via machine learning are provided. Appliances can be connected to a plumbing system, wherein each appliance includes one or more sensors configured to output sensor data regarding a property of the water being utilized by that appliance. A processor is programmed to receive the sensor data and establish boundaries of normal operation. Then, when additional sensor data is received, the processor uses machine learning to classify that sensor data as being either within normal operation, or outside the bounds of normal operation. If the sensor data indicates the water property is outside the bounds, an output signal can be generated to inform the user.

Abstract: A sensing device includes a first sensor configured to capture a first analyte in a fluid medium and to generate a first signal in response to capturing the first analyte. The sensing device also includes a second sensor configured to capture a second analyte in the fluid medium and to generate a second signal in response to capturing the second analyte, where the second analyte is different from the first analyte. The sensing device further includes a detector configured to collect the first and second signals to provide a total signal and to calculate a total concentration of the first and the second analyte in the fluid medium based on the total signal.

Abstract: A fuel cell electrolyte includes a nitrogen-doped phosphate tetrahedral network having a plurality of linked tetrahedra, each of the plurality of the linked tetrahedra having a phosphorus cation center and four anions including oxygen or nitrogen, the network having at least one compound of formula (I): H3+xPO4?xNx where x is any number between 0.001 and 3.

Abstract: An anode catalyst layer of an electrochemical cell includes an anode catalyst material. The anode catalyst material is a Pt-based alloy. The Pt-based alloy is a binary Pt-M alloy, where M is Ge, Se, Ag, Sb, Os, or Tl. The Pt-based alloy is a ternary Pt-MI-MII alloy, where MI is Ru, Ge, or Mo, and MII is Ir, Os, Tl, Au, Bi, Se, or Pd.

Abstract: A sensor refresh system. The sensor refresh system includes a sensor assembly including a sensing surface. The sensor refresh system includes a sensor attached to the sensing surface of the sensing assembly. The sensor includes a receptor binding a chemical species in a binding state. The sensor refresh system further includes an optical source irradiating the sensor when the chemical species is in the binding state to dissociate the chemical species from the receptor of the sensor in a dissociation state.

Abstract: A computational method for simulating the motion of elements within a multi-element system using a neural network force field (NNFF). The method includes receiving a combination of a number of rotationally-invariant features and a number of rotationally-covariant features of a local environment of the multi-element system; and predicting a force vector for each element within the multi-element system based on the combination of the number of rotationally-invariant features, the number of rotationally-covariant features, and the NNFF, to obtain a simulated motion of the elements within the multi-element system.

Abstract: A system for stretching a polynucleotide structure includes a first electrode configured to generate an electrostatic force perpendicular to a surface of the first electrode and to apply the electrostatic force to the polynucleotide structure to pin an end region of the polynucleotide structure near the surface of the first electrode, and a second electrode configured to generate an electric force along an axial direction of the polynucleotide structure to stretch the polynucleotide structure along the axial direction of the polynucleotide structure into a fully extended form.

Abstract: An anticorrosive and conductive substrate includes a bulk portion and a surface portion including a magnesium titanium material having a formula (I) TixMg1-xOy (I), where x is a number from 0 to ?1 and y is a number from 1 to ?2, and wherein at least about 50% of the magnesium titanium material has a cubic crystal structure, and wherein the magnesium titanium material is configured to impart anticorrosive and conductive properties to the substrate.

Abstract: A fuel cell catalyst material includes metal catalyst particles formed of a metal material and a carbon-based coating composition at least partially coating at least some of the metal catalyst particles. The carbon-based coating composition includes a carbon network. The carbon-based coating composition is doped with a dopant. The carbon-based coating composition includes a number of defects formed by one or more vacated carbon atoms in the carbon network. The carbon-based coating composition is made from a non-aromatic carbon molecule.