Abstract: An apparatus to treat refractive error of the eye comprises one or more optics configured to project stimuli comprising out of focus images onto the peripheral retina outside the macula. While the stimuli can be configured in many ways, in some embodiments the stimuli are arranged to decrease interference with central vison such as macular vision. The stimuli can be out of focus images may comprise an amount of defocus within a range from about 3 Diopters (“D”) to about 6 D. In some embodiments, the brightness of the stimuli is greater than a brightness of background illumination by an appropriate amount such as at least 3 times the background brightness. In some embodiments, each of a plurality of stimuli comprises a spatial frequency distribution with an amplitude profile having spatial frequencies within a range from about range of 1×10?1 to 2.5×101 cycles per degree.

Abstract: A device to stimulate the retina comprises one or more light sources coupled to one or more optical elements. The one or more optical elements is configured to illuminate the retina with one or more images at a location away from a fovea of a wearer. In some embodiments, each of the one or more images comprises a depth of focus and a spatial resolution. The one or more images can be formed at a distance anterior to the retina, at a distance posterior to the retina or on the retina. In some embodiments, the depth of focus is less than the distance, and the spatial resolution greater than a spatial resolution of the retina at the location.

Abstract: A device to stimulate the retina comprises one or more light sources coupled to one or more optical elements. The one or more optical elements is configured to illuminate the retina with one or more images at a location away from a fovea of a wearer. In some embodiments, each of the one or more images comprises a depth of focus and a spatial resolution. The one or more images can be formed at a distance anterior to the retina, at a distance posterior to the retina or on the retina. In some embodiments, the depth of focus is less than the distance, and the spatial resolution greater than a spatial resolution of the retina at the location.

Abstract: A device to stimulate the retina comprises one or more light sources coupled to one or more optical elements. The one or more optical elements is configured to illuminate the retina with one or more images at a location away from a fovea of a wearer. In some embodiments, each of the one or more images comprises a depth of focus and a spatial resolution. The one or more images can be formed at a distance anterior to the retina, at a distance posterior to the retina or on the retina. In some embodiments, the depth of focus is less than the distance, and the spatial resolution greater than a spatial resolution of the retina at the location.

Abstract: A device to stimulate the retina comprises one or more light sources coupled to one or more optical elements. The one or more optical elements is configured to illuminate the retina with one or more images at a location away from a fovea of a wearer. In some embodiments, each of the one or more images comprises a depth of focus and a spatial resolution. The one or more images can be formed at a distance anterior to the retina, at a distance posterior to the retina or on the retina. In some embodiments, the depth of focus is less than the distance, and the spatial resolution greater than a spatial resolution of the retina at the location.

Abstract: A device to stimulate the retina comprises one or more light sources coupled to one or more optical elements. The one or more optical elements is configured to illuminate the retina with one or more images at a location away from a fovea of a wearer. In some embodiments, each of the one or more images comprises a depth of focus and a spatial resolution. The one or more images can be formed at a distance anterior to the retina, at a distance posterior to the retina or on the retina. In some embodiments, the depth of focus is less than the distance, and the spatial resolution greater than a spatial resolution of the retina at the location.

Abstract: An apparatus to treat refractive error of the eye comprises one or more optics configured to project stimuli comprising out of focus images onto the peripheral retina outside the macula. While the stimuli can be configured in many ways, in some embodiments the stimuli are arranged to decrease interference with central vison such as macular vision. The stimuli can be out of focus images may comprise an amount of defocus within a range from about 3 Diopters (“D”) to about 6 D. In some embodiments, the brightness of the stimuli is greater than a brightness of background illumination by an appropriate amount such as at least 3 times the background brightness. In some embodiments, each of a plurality of stimuli comprises a spatial frequency distribution with an amplitude profile having spatial frequencies within a range from about range of 1×10?1 to 2.5×101 cycles per degree.

Abstract: An apparatus to treat refractive error of the eye comprises one or more optics configured to project stimuli comprising out of focus images onto the peripheral retina outside the macula. While the stimuli can be configured in many ways, in some embodiments the stimuli are arranged to decrease interference with central vison such as macular vision. The stimuli can be out of focus images may comprise an amount of defocus within a range from about 3 Diopters (“D”) to about 6 D. In some embodiments, the brightness of the stimuli is greater than a brightness of background illumination by an appropriate amount such as at least 3 times the background brightness. In some embodiments, each of a plurality of stimuli comprises a spatial frequency distribution with an amplitude profile having spatial frequencies within a range from about range of 1×10?1 to 2.5×101 cycles per degree.

Abstract: A device to stimulate the retina comprises one or more light sources coupled to one or more optical elements. The one or more optical elements is configured to illuminate the retina with one or more images at a location away from a fovea of a wearer. In some embodiments, each of the one or more images comprises a depth of focus and a spatial resolution. The one or more images can be formed at a distance anterior to the retina, at a distance posterior to the retina or on the retina. In some embodiments, the depth of focus is less than the distance, and the spatial resolution greater than a spatial resolution of the retina at the location.

Abstract: A device to stimulate the retina comprises one or more light sources coupled to one or more optical elements. The one or more optical elements is configured to illuminate the retina with one or more images at a location away from a fovea of a wearer. In some embodiments, each of the one or more images comprises a depth of focus and a spatial resolution. The one or more images can be formed at a distance anterior to the retina, at a distance posterior to the retina or on the retina. In some embodiments, the depth of focus is less than the distance, and the spatial resolution greater than a spatial resolution of the retina at the location.

Abstract: An apparatus to treat refractive error of the eye comprises one or more optics configured to project stimuli comprising out of focus images onto the peripheral retina outside the macula. While the stimuli can be configured in many ways, in some embodiments the stimuli are arranged to decrease interference with central vison such as macular vision. The stimuli can be out of focus images may comprise an amount of defocus within a range from about 3 Diopters (“D”) to about 6 D. In some embodiments, the brightness of the stimuli is greater than a brightness of background illumination by an appropriate amount such as at least 3 times the background brightness. In some embodiments, each of a plurality of stimuli comprises a spatial frequency distribution with an amplitude profile having spatial frequencies within a range from about range of 1×10?1 to 2.5×101 cycles per degree.

Abstract: An apparatus to treat refractive error of the eye comprises one or more optics configured to project stimuli comprising out of focus images onto the peripheral retina outside the macula. While the stimuli can be configured in many ways, in some embodiments the stimuli are arranged to decrease interference with central vison such as macular vision. The stimuli can be out of focus images may comprise an amount of defocus within a range from about 3 Diopters (“D”) to about 6 D. In some embodiments, the brightness of the stimuli is greater than a brightness of background illumination by an appropriate amount such as at least 3 times the background brightness. In some embodiments, each of a plurality of stimuli comprises a spatial frequency distribution with an amplitude profile having spatial frequencies within a range from about range of 1×10?1 to 2.5×101 cycles per degree.

Abstract: An apparatus to treat refractive error of the eye comprises one or more optics configured to project stimuli comprising out of focus images onto the peripheral retina outside the macula. While the stimuli can be configured in many ways, in some embodiments the stimuli are arranged to decrease interference with central vison such as macular vision. The stimuli can be out of focus images may comprise an amount of defocus within a range from about 3 Diopters (“D”) to about 6 D. In some embodiments, the brightness of the stimuli is greater than a brightness of background illumination by an appropriate amount such as at least 3 times the background brightness. In some embodiments, each of a plurality of stimuli comprises a spatial frequency distribution with an amplitude profile having spatial frequencies within a range from about range of 1×10?1 to 2.5×101 cycles per degree.

Abstract: A device to stimulate the retina comprises one or more light sources coupled to one or more optical elements. The one or more optical elements is configured to illuminate the retina with one or more images at a location away from a fovea of a wearer. In some embodiments, each of the one or more images comprises a depth of focus and a spatial resolution. The one or more images can be formed at a distance anterior to the retina, at a distance posterior to the retina or on the retina. In some embodiments, the depth of focus is less than the distance, and the spatial resolution greater than a spatial resolution of the retina at the location.