Abstract: In some embodiments, an apparatus comprises a biocompatible substrate configured to be disposed on a surface of a brain and including a plurality of nodes and a plurality of connectors interconnecting the plurality of nodes, the biocompatible substrate defining a plurality of openings therein, each of the plurality of nodes and the plurality of connectors including at least one encapsulation material. The plurality of nodes including: a first set of nodes, each node from the first set of nodes including (i) an associated set of electrodes and (ii) an associated analog circuit; a second set of nodes different than the first set of nodes, each node from the second set of nodes including a digital circuit; and a third set of nodes different than the first and second set of nodes, the third set of nodes configured to supply power to the first and second set of nodes.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein include a method for manufacturing a neural implant including patterning a circuit-bearing substrate to produce a first intermediate structure having a plurality of electrode contacts disposed on a first side thereof. The method can include applying an encapsulation layer to the first side of the first intermediate structure to produce a second intermediate structure and coupling a first surface of the second intermediate structure to a carrier, the first surface of the second intermediate structure including the encapsulating layer. The method can include thinning the second intermediate structure to produce a third intermediate structure and forming a plurality of recesses in a portion of the third intermediate structure to produce a fourth intermediate structure. The method can include releasing the carrier from the fourth intermediate structure to produce the neural implant.

Abstract: Apparatuses, systems, and methods are disclosed for subcutaneous transcranial functional ultrasound technique. An example apparatus includes a substrate and a device configured to be disposed under skin. The device includes one or more transducers disposed on the substrate and provides a pressure wave that propagates a body part under the skin. The pressure wave has a fundamental frequency within a range approximately from 10 Hz to 10 GHz.

Abstract: Apparatuses, systems, and methods are disclosed for subcutaneous functional near-infrared spectroscopy. An example apparatus includes a substrate and a device configured to be disposed under skin. The device includes emitters and light detectors disposed on the substrate. The emitters emit light that propagates a body part under skin and the light detectors detect changes in light absorption and scattering through the body part and provide fNIRS signals.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to auditory nerve stimulation to create the perception of sound in the brain of a subject such as an animal or human being. In one form, a system includes an implantable electrode array including a plurality of spaced apart micro-needles. The system also includes a first electrical lead electrically coupled to and extending from the implantable electrode array, and an auditory signal device configured to produce one or more electrical signals representative of communications received from an external processor. An interposer is configured to electrically couple the implantable electrode array and the auditory signal device in an arrangement where one or more electrical signals produced by the auditory signal device may be transmitted through the first electrical lead to the implantable electrode array. Various novel stimulation strategies can be employed, such as place modulated stimulation signals.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a flexible, electrically conducting layer disposed between a first flexible electrically insulating layer and a second flexible electrically insulating layer. At least one of the first electrically insulating layer, the electrically conducting layer, or the second electrically insulating layer includes multiple recesses defined therein, the recesses collectively having a predefined pattern. The apparatus also includes protrusions in the form of penetrating beam structures capable of accessing deep tissue structures, and at least one electrical access site electrically coupled to the electrically conducting layer, forming an electrode site. The apparatus also includes microelectronic circuitry/coils and components to serve as an implantable, flexible, conformally adjustable, interface for stimulating and/or recording electrical activity in biological tissue.