Patents by Inventor Morteza Ghodrat
Morteza Ghodrat has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Patent number: 9100133Abstract: The present disclosure relates to carrying synchronization through Ethernet, Optical Transport Network (OTN), and other asynchronous protocols. In one exemplary embodiment, timing markers or symbols are used in packets to enable a downstream device to recover timing based upon a time differential between markers or symbols. Advantageously, enabling Ethernet, OTN, etc. to carry synchronous information will de-risk switching from SONET/SDH to Ethernet and/or OTN for service providers. The present disclosure also includes frame decomposition scheme of the Ethernet stream. Ethernet packets are broken into fixed bandwidth and excess bandwidth. The fixed bandwidth is subdivided into fixed (negotiated) flits, with each flit corresponding to a specific user or combination of users like a private tunnel. This offers service providers a method to provide deterministic and more secure bandwidth over Ethernet to multiple clients.Type: GrantFiled: September 30, 2010Date of Patent: August 4, 2015Assignee: Ciena CorporationInventors: Michaël Gazier, Ian H. Duncan, Morteza Ghodrat
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Patent number: 8885634Abstract: The present invention utilizes specific referential tables for forwarding decisions while maintaining current mechanisms of Ethernet addressing and QoS marking. The referential tables are utilized for forwarding decisions based on any and/or multiple fields within the packets simultaneously, such as, for example, incoming port number, incoming MAC, incoming VLAN, outgoing MAC, outgoing VLAN, P-bits, DSCP, MPLS label, TCP/UDP port numbers, IP, SIP, HTTP, and the like. A user can define the forwarding criteria based on any combination/permutation fields in the packet. Advantageously, the present invention removes the need to introduce explicit tunnel labels in the Ethernet frame in order to maintain the desired QoS within the network removing explicit labeling requirements.Type: GrantFiled: November 30, 2007Date of Patent: November 11, 2014Assignee: Ciena CorporationInventors: Morteza Ghodrat, Michael Gazier, Ian Duncan
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Patent number: 8832755Abstract: The present invention provides methods and systems to remove the dependence on the IP layer (OSI layer three) in Video-on-Demand (VoD) transport networks. The present invention replaces the IP layer with Ethernet layer two addressing and even layer one, allowing connectivity in access/aggregation networks without IP layer three capabilities. The present invention enables STBs to communicate with VoD controllers, servers, and the like at layer two and/or layer one, eliminating the need for layer three routing capabilities in access/aggregation networks.Type: GrantFiled: April 30, 2007Date of Patent: September 9, 2014Assignee: Ciena CorporationInventors: Michael A. Gazier, Morteza Ghodrat, Ian H. Duncan
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Patent number: 8711713Abstract: Systems and methods for sinking port mirrored from one or more identified flows of data to any node in a network are provided. Moreover, the network is configured to convey the mirrored data to the sink, without the need for any facilities expressly dedicated for this purpose. The present invention removes the requirement to co-locate the sink port within the same logical node. The present invention uses a mirrored flow configured as a provisioned layer two point-to-point connection, such as a Switched Permanent Virtual Circuit (SPVC), Pseudo-Wire (PWE3), a Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) cross-connect, Provider Backbone Bridging-Traffic Engineering (PBB-TE), and the like. The node with the mirrored port is configured to create copies of the appropriate set of packets (i.e., ingress, egress packets, or both based on provisioning and based on the identified flow), and to forward the packets to the sink port through the provisioned point-to-point connection.Type: GrantFiled: January 31, 2008Date of Patent: April 29, 2014Assignee: Ciena CorporationInventors: Ronald Mark Parker, Christopher Michael Leduc, Morteza Ghodrat
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Patent number: 8305884Abstract: Systems and methods for self-healing Ethernet topologies which are compatible with PBT, which use standards-based protocols, which do not self-configure, and which use Ethernet OAM are provided. Interconnected nodes are configured with a primary and secondary path which is determined by VLANs, MPLS label, Provider Backbone Bridge Traffic Engineering (PBB-TE) VLAN ID (VID), Frame Relay (FR), Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Virtual Circuits (VCs), and the like. One or more head-end nodes are designated for terminating each path and for performing cross-connects between the primary and secondary paths. IEEE 802.1ag Continuity Check Messages (CCM) are transmitted by all nodes on both the primary and secondary routes. Responsive to a loss of a predetermined number of CCM messages, traffic is switched to the secondary route. In non-fault conditions, both the paths for the primary and secondary routes can carry traffic.Type: GrantFiled: September 14, 2007Date of Patent: November 6, 2012Assignee: Ciena CorporationInventors: Morteza Ghodrat, Michael Gazier, Ian Duncan
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Patent number: 8059685Abstract: The present invention reserves special Ethernet timing packets to mark timing within Ethernet and OTN, and secondarily creates frames within the Ethernet stream through the timing marker packets. The result is standard Ethernet with timing capability that can be transported over standard Ethernet links and/or within OTN. This timing capability can be utilized to carry synchronization over asynchronous Ethernet and OTN streams. Advantageously, enabling Ethernet and OTN to carry synchronous information will de-risk switching from SONET/SDH to Ethernet and/or OTN for service providers. The present invention also includes frame decomposition of the Ethernet stream. Ethernet packets are broken into fixed bandwidth and excess bandwidth. The fixed bandwidth is subdivided into fixed (negotiated) flits, with each flit corresponding to a specific user or combination of users like a private tunnel.Type: GrantFiled: December 26, 2006Date of Patent: November 15, 2011Assignee: Ciena CorporationInventors: Morteza Ghodrat, Michael A. Gazier, Ian H. Duncan
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Publication number: 20110019681Abstract: The present disclosure relates to carrying synchronization through Ethernet, Optical Transport Network (OTN), and other asynchronous protocols. In one exemplary embodiment, timing markers or symbols are used in packets to enable a downstream device to recover timing based upon a time differential between markers or symbols. Advantageously, enabling Ethernet, OTN, etc. to carry synchronous information will de-risk switching from SONET/SDH to Ethernet and/or OTN for service providers. The present disclosure also includes frame decomposition scheme of the Ethernet stream. Ethernet packets are broken into fixed bandwidth and excess bandwidth. The fixed bandwidth is subdivided into fixed (negotiated) flits, with each flit corresponding to a specific user or combination of users like a private tunnel. This offers service providers a method to provide deterministic and more secure bandwidth over Ethernet to multiple clients.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 30, 2010Publication date: January 27, 2011Inventors: Michaël Gazier, Ian H. Duncan, Morteza Ghodrat
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Patent number: 7873638Abstract: A system and method for the collection, analysis, utilization, and/or reporting of user preference of content experienced by the user preferably for managing the distribution network of a content delivery environment, managing the selections of content available, reporting user selections of content available, and/or execution of user instructions as presented in the content.Type: GrantFiled: September 19, 2005Date of Patent: January 18, 2011Assignee: Ciena CorporationInventors: Ken Young, Gary Southwell, Mike Drew, Tim Jenkins, Morteza Ghodrat, Martin Bijman
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Publication number: 20090141703Abstract: The present invention utilizes specific referential tables for forwarding decisions while maintaining current mechanisms of Ethernet addressing and QoS marking. The referential tables are utilized for forwarding decisions based on any and/or multiple fields within the packets simultaneously, such as, for example, incoming port number, incoming MAC, incoming VLAN, outgoing MAC, outgoing VLAN, P-bits, DSCP, MPLS label, TCP/UDP port numbers, IP, SIP, HTTP, and the like. A user can define the forwarding criteria based on any combination/permutation fields in the packet. Advantageously, the present invention removes the need to introduce explicit tunnel labels in the Ethernet frame in order to maintain the desired QoS within the network removing explicit labeling requirements.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 30, 2007Publication date: June 4, 2009Inventors: Morteza Ghodrat, Michael Gazier, Ian Duncan
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Publication number: 20090080338Abstract: Systems and methods for sinking port mirrored from one or more identified flows of data to any node in a network are provided. Moreover, the network is configured to convey the mirrored data to the sink, without the need for any facilities expressly dedicated for this purpose. The present invention removes the requirement to co-locate the sink port within the same logical node. The present invention uses a mirrored flow configured as a provisioned layer two point-to-point connection, such as a Switched Permanent Virtual Circuit (SPVC), Pseudo-Wire (PWE3), a Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) cross-connect, Provider Backbone Bridging—Traffic Engineering (PBB-TE), and the like. The node with the mirrored port is configured to create copies of the appropriate set of packets (i.e., ingress, egress packets, or both based on provisioning and based on the identified flow), and to forward the packets to the sink port through the provisioned point-to-point connection.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 31, 2008Publication date: March 26, 2009Inventors: Ronald Mark Parker, Christopher Michael Leduc, Morteza Ghodrat
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Publication number: 20090073988Abstract: Systems and methods for self-healing Ethernet topologies which are compatible with PBT, which use standards-based protocols, which do not self-configure, and which use Ethernet OAM are provided. Interconnected nodes are configured with a primary and secondary path which is determined by VLANs, MPLS label, Provider Backbone Bridge Traffic Engineering (PBB-TE) VLAN ID (VID), Frame Relay (FR), Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Virtual Circuits (VCs), and the like. One or more head-end nodes are designated for terminating each path and for performing cross-connects between the primary and secondary paths. IEEE 802.1ag Continuity Check Messages (CCM) are transmitted by all nodes on both the primary and secondary routes. Responsive to a loss of a predetermined number of CCM messages, traffic is switched to the secondary route. In non-fault conditions, both the paths for the primary and secondary routes can carry traffic.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 14, 2007Publication date: March 19, 2009Inventors: Morteza Ghodrat, Michael Gazier, Ian Duncan
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Patent number: 7477663Abstract: Apparatus and method that increases bandwidth and reliability of digital subscriber line (DSL) connections. The system involves provisioning multiple DSL lines, splitting traffic into cells, transmitting the cells independently of each other, and reassembling the cells at the destination. Sequence numbers may be used when reassembling the cells. Virtual circuits (VCs) may be constructed across the DSL lines. Accordingly, a failure in one DSL line merely reduces the bandwidth without disruption to the customer. In this manner, the customer can be inexpensively provided with increased bandwidth and reliability.Type: GrantFiled: May 15, 2003Date of Patent: January 13, 2009Assignee: Ciena CorporationInventors: Michael Gazier, Morteza Ghodrat
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Publication number: 20080271096Abstract: The present invention provides methods and systems to remove the dependence on the IP layer (OSI layer three) in Video-on-Demand (VoD) transport networks. The present invention replaces the IP layer with Ethernet layer two addressing and even layer one, allowing connectivity in access/aggregation networks without IP layer three capabilities. The present invention enables STBs to communicate with VoD controllers, servers, and the like at layer two and/or layer one, eliminating the need for layer three routing capabilities in access/aggregation networks.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 30, 2007Publication date: October 30, 2008Inventors: Michael A. Gazier, Morteza Ghodrat, Ian H. Duncan
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Publication number: 20080151941Abstract: The present invention reserves special Ethernet timing packets to mark timing within Ethernet and OTN, and secondarily creates frames within the Ethernet stream through the timing marker packets. The result is standard Ethernet with timing capability that can be transported over standard Ethernet links and/or within OTN. This timing capability can be utilized to carry synchronization over asynchronous Ethernet and OTN streams. Advantageously, enabling Ethernet and OTN to carry synchronous information will de-risk switching from SONET/SDH to Ethernet and/or OTN for service providers. The present invention also includes frame decomposition of the Ethernet stream. Ethernet packets are broken into fixed bandwidth and excess bandwidth. The fixed bandwidth is subdivided into fixed (negotiated) flits, with each flit corresponding to a specific user or combination of users like a private tunnel.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 26, 2006Publication date: June 26, 2008Inventors: Morteza Ghodrat, Michael A. Gazier, Ian H. Duncan
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Patent number: 7321590Abstract: Transporting an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) stream through a bonding group involves properly splitting the stream into sub-streams to fit into individual member bearer's bandwidth at the transmit end, and properly merging the sub-streams to reconstruct the stream at the receive end. At the receive end, the cells can be put together in the proper sequence in a process of cell aggregation based on attached sequence numbers. Once the stream is re-constructed, the attached sequence numbers are replaced by the original field contents of the ATM headers. Methods of cell aggregation are described that assist the bonding scheme in working efficiently.Type: GrantFiled: January 15, 2005Date of Patent: January 22, 2008Assignee: CIENA CorporationInventors: Song Zhang, Andrew Deczky, Morteza Ghodrat, Nestor Amaya
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Publication number: 20060080360Abstract: A system and method for the collection, analysis, utilization, and/or reporting of user preference of content experienced by the user preferably for managing the distribution network of a content delivery environment, managing the selections of content available, reporting user selections of content available, and/or execution of user instructions as presented in the content.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 19, 2005Publication date: April 13, 2006Inventors: Ken Young, Gary Southwell, Mike Drew, Tim Jenkins, Morteza Ghodrat, Martin Bijman
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Publication number: 20050201379Abstract: Transporting an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) stream through a bonding group involves properly splitting the stream into sub-streams to fit into individual member bearer's bandwidth at the transmit end, and properly merging the sub-streams to reconstruct the stream at the receive end. At the receive end, the cells can be put together in the proper sequence in a process of cell aggregation based on attached sequence numbers. Once the stream is re-constructed, the attached sequence numbers are replaced by the original field contents of the ATM headers. Methods of cell aggregation are described that assist the bonding scheme in working efficiently.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 15, 2005Publication date: September 15, 2005Inventors: Song Zhang, Andrew Deczky, Morteza Ghodrat, Nestor Amaya
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Publication number: 20040022276Abstract: Apparatus and method that increases bandwidth and reliability of digital subscriber line (DSL) connections. The system involves provisioning multiple DSL lines, splitting traffic into cells, transmitting the cells independently of each other, and reassembling the cells at the destination. Sequence numbers may be used when reassembling the cells. Virtual circuits (VCs) may be constructed across the DSL lines. Accordingly, a failure in one DSL line merely reduces the bandwidth without disruption to the customer. In this manner, the customer can be inexpensively provided with increased bandwidth and reliability.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 15, 2003Publication date: February 5, 2004Applicant: Catena Networks, Inc.Inventors: Michael Gazier, Morteza Ghodrat