Abstract: Rigid cellular foams are prepared by catalytically condensing an organic polyisocyanate in the presence of (a) a carbodiimide-promoting catalyst, (b) a trimerization catalyst, (c) a urethane catalyst, and (d) from 10 parts to 40 parts per 100 parts of polyisocyanate of a polyol mixture comprising (1) from 5 parts to 30 parts of a polyoxyethylated polyhydric alcohol and (2) from 5 parts to 25 parts of a polyoxyethylated phosphate polyol.

Abstract: Cellular foam compositions are prepared by catalytically condensing an organic polyisocyanate in the presence of a blowing agent, from 0.01 to 0.5 equivalent per equivalent of isocyanate of a primary hydroxy-terminated polyoxyalkylene or polyester polyol and a catalyst system comprising (a) methanol, (b) a tertiary amine trimerization catalyst, and (c) a urethane catalyst. The resulting foam compositions are characterized by carbodiimide, isocyanurate and urethane linkages and exhibit unexpectedly low friability, improved strength properties, and good flame retardancy.

Abstract: Rigid cellular foams are prepared by catalytically condensing an organic polyisocyanate in the presence of (a) a carbodiimide-promoting catalyst, (b) a trimerization catalyst, and (c) a polyfurfuryl alcohol polymer. The resulting foam compositions are characterized by carbodiimide and isocyanurate linkages and exhibit improved friability and flame retardancy.

Abstract: Rigid cellular foam compositions characterized by carbodiimide, isocyanurate and urethane linkages are prepared by the reaction of an organic polyisocyanate with certain oxyalkylated Mannich polyols employing an NCO/OH equivalent ratio of from about 2:1 to 10:1. The use of the oxyalkylated Mannich polyols in the amounts stated eliminates the need for carbodiimide and isocyanurate promoting catalysts.

Abstract: Rigid cellular foams characterized by carbodiimide linkages are prepared by the catalytic condensation of an organic polyisocyanate in the presence of a halogen or phosphorus-containing active hydrogen compound to provide urethane modified foams having a skin of improved flame retardancy.

Abstract: Rigid cellular foams characterized by carbodiimide linkages exhibit low friability and excellent flame retardancy when prepared from isocyanates rich in toluene diisocyanate. The forms hereof are prepared by the catalytic condensation of the isocyanates by using either (1) isocyanate quasi-prepolymers or (2) a two-stage process wherein isocyanate and polyol are first reacted to form a urethane-containing intermediate having free isocyanate groups and then the remaining isocyanate groups are converted to carbodiimide groups and isocyanurate groups by the catalytic condensation thereof.

Abstract: New triazine compositions having incorporated therewithin both alkanolamino groups and pendent tertiary amino groups are defined herein. The triazines are prepared by the reaction of (1) an intermediate prepared from either alkyl halides or alkylene oxides and dialkylaminoalkyl primary amines and (2) cyanuric chloride or a derivative thereof. The triazines hereof exhibit excellent catalystic activity in the preparation of rigid cellular foams characterized by carbodiimide linkages.

Abstract: Rigid cellular foam compositions characterized by carbodiimide and isocyanurate linkages are prepared by catalytically condensing an organic polyisocyanate in the presence of a catalytically sufficient amount of a catalyst system comprising (a) an alkanolaminotriazine, (b) a hexahydrotriazine, and (c) phenol or a substituted phenol.

Abstract: Acid-modified toluene diisocyanate is used to prepare rigid cellular foams characterized by carbodiimide linkages either by a one-shot process or a quasi-prepolymer process. The use of acid-modified toluene diisocyanate exhibits a more controllable reactivity with a one-shot foaming process and more stable quasi-prepolymers when using such systems.

Abstract: Rigid cellular foams characterized by carbodiimide linkages are prepared by the catalytic condensation of an organic polyisocyanate in the presence of a catalytically sufficient amount of a carbodiimide catalyst and an exotherm generating reactant which is either (a) an oxazolidine or (b) an enamine. The foams hereof are characterized by excellent flame retardancy, weight retention and low friability.