Abstract: A device for mixing multiple (N) pulse density modulated (PDM) bit streams of a bit rate, the device comprises an input logic, an error accumulation circuit, an error correction circuit and an adder of more than N bits; wherein the device is arranged to output an output PDM bit stream that represents a mixture of the multiple input PDM bit streams; wherein the output PDM bit stream comprises a plurality of output PDM bits, wherein a certain output PDM bit of a plurality of output PDM bits that form the output PDM bit stream is generated during a certain clock cycle; wherein the input logic is arranged to select, during each fraction of the certain clock cycle, a current bit of a selected PDM bit stream, wherein different PDM bit streams are selected during different fragments of the certain clock cycle; wherein the error accumulation circuit is arranged to store intermediate values during a first fraction till a penultimate fraction of the certain clock signal and to store a last value during a last fraction

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for controlling bone conduction, in which a bone conduction element may be used to output acoustic signals when it is in contact with a user. A bone conduction sensor may also be made in contact with the user, and used to obtain feedback relating to the outputting of the acoustic signals via the bone conduction element. The outputting of the acoustic signals may then be adaptively controlled based on processing of the feedback. The adaptive controlling may comprise adjusting components and/or functions related to or used in the outputting of the acoustic signals. For example, the adaptive controlling may comprise adjusting gain, frequency response, and/or equalization associated with a drive amplifier driving the bone conduction element.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for ultra-low-power adaptive, user independent, voice triggering in electronic devices. A voice trigger, which may be configured as ultra-low-power function, may be run in an electronic device, when the electronic device transitions to a power-saving state, and may be used to control the electronic device based on audio inputs. The controlling may comprise capturing an audio input, and processing the audio input to determine when the audio input corresponds to a triggering command, to trigger transitioning of the electronic device from the power-saving state. The processing of audio input, to determine that it corresponds to the triggering command, may be based on use of an adaptively configured state machine. The state machine may be based on a Hidden Markov Model (HMM), and may be configured as a two-dimensional state machine that comprises plurality of lines of incantations, each of which corresponding to the triggering command.

Abstract: In a mobile device, a bone conduction or vibration sensor is used to detect the user's speech and the resulting output is used as the source for a low power Voice Trigger (VT) circuit that can activate the Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) of the host device. This invention is applicable to mobile devices such as wearable computers with head mounted displays, mobile phones and wireless headsets and headphones which use speech recognition for the entering of input commands and control. The speech sensor can be a bone conduction microphone used to detect sound vibrations in the skull, or a vibration sensor, used to detect sound pressure vibrations from the user's speech. This VT circuit can be independent of any audio components of the host device and can therefore be designed to consume ultra-low power. Hence, this VT circuit can be active when the host device is in a sleeping state and can be used to wake the host device on detection of speech from the user.

Abstract: A digital enhanced cordless telecommunication (DECT) base station, the DECT base station may include a transmitter that is arranged to transmit, at different points of time, downlink transmitted DECT signals to another DECT device that differs from the DECT base station; a receiver that is arranged to receive from the other DECT device downlink reception information indicative of attributes of downlink received DECT signals that were received by the other DECT device as a result of the transmission of the downlink transmitted DECT signals; a processor that is arranged to process the downlink reception information to detect a motion that affects a reception of the downlink received DECT signals by the other device.

Abstract: A device for mixing multiple (N) pulse density modulated (PDM) bit streams of a bit rate, the device comprises an input logic, an error accumulation circuit, an error correction circuit and an adder of more than N bits; wherein the device is arranged to output an output PDM bit stream that represents a mixture of the multiple input PDM bit streams; wherein the output PDM bit stream comprises a plurality of output PDM bits, wherein a certain output PDM bit of a plurality of output PDM bits that form the output PDM bit stream is generated during a certain clock cycle; wherein the input logic is arranged to select, during each fraction of the certain clock cycle, a current bit of a selected PDM bit stream, wherein different PDM bit streams are selected during different fragments of the certain clock cycle; wherein the error accumulation circuit is arranged to store intermediate values during a first fraction till a penultimate fraction of the certain clock signal and to store a last value during a last fraction

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for enhanced stereo audio recordings in electronic devices. Stereophonic recording performance in an electronic device, using a first microphone and a second microphone in the electronic device, may be assessed; and processing of signals generated by the first microphone and the second microphone may be configured based on the assessed stereophonic recording performance. The configuring may comprises adaptively modifying the processing to enhance stereophonic recording performance, to match or approximate an ideal performance. The assessing of the stereophonic recording in the electronic device may be based on a type of each of the first microphone and the second microphone, and/or based on a spacing therebetween. The processing may be adaptively modified to simulate directional reception of signals by the first microphone and the second microphone when the microphones are omnidirectional.

Abstract: A system may be provided and may include a first transmitter; a first antenna, coupled to the first transmitter; wherein the first transmitter is arranged to transmit via the first antenna first radio frequency (RF) signals; a first receiver; a second antenna, coupled to the first receiver; the second antenna differs from the first antenna; an RF acquisition module that is arranged to acquire second RF signals that are representative of the first RF signals; and an RF suppression module, arranged to receive the second RF signals and to generate RF suppression signals for suppressing an effect of a transmission of the first RF signals on the first receiver, and to provide the RF suppression signals to the first receiver.

Abstract: A method and an optical microphone that may include a transmitter; and a sensor; wherein the transmitter is arranged, when facing an external auditory canal of a user, to direct optical signals towards an area of the external auditory canal; wherein the sensor is arranged to generate sensing signals that are indicative of reflected radiation that reflected from the external auditory canal; wherein the reflected radiation conveys information about body conducted signals that propagate through a body of the user and cause the external auditory canal to vibrate.

Abstract: A method for preventing interference between a first modem and located in proximity to a radio modem operating in TDM mode the method may include: detecting by the first modem, wireless transmission from the radio modem operating in a TDM mode; wherein the detecting comprises processing RSSI values obtained during multiple time slots of multiple frames of the first modem; determining an operation pattern of the radio modem operating in a TDM mode according to the detected transmission; predicting time slots in which the radio modem operating in a TDM mode is expected to receive according to the operation pattern; determining transmission time slots of the first modem according to the time slots in which the radio modem operating in a TDM mode is expected to receive.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure can provide a method and an apparatus to decode a data stream based on multiple transmissions with efficient usages of storage and power resources. The method for decoding can include receiving a first plurality of encoded code blocks corresponding to a first transmission of a transport block, decoding the first plurality of encoded code blocks into decoded code blocks, error detecting the decoded code blocks, and storing a decoding history of the decoded code blocks. Further, the method can include receiving a second plurality of encoded code blocks corresponding to a retransmission of the transport block. The second plurality of encoded code blocks can map the first plurality of encoded code blocks, respectively. The method can selectively decode a subset of the second plurality of encoded code blocks based on the decoding history. In addition, the method can include storing soft bits for code blocks that failed decoding.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are described for reducing memory storage cells in a turbo decoder by storing only half the state metrics generated during a scan process. States associated with each bit transmission may be divided into couples and only one state from every state couple may be stored. In one example embodiment, only the state metric for a losing state of every state couple is saved, along with a single bit, e.g., 1 or 0, indicating whether the upper state or lower state of the state couple was the winner. The winning state may be reconstituted at a later stage. In this manner, for a code rate 1/3 and constraint length 3 turbo code, instead of storing 8*10=80 bits of state metrics for each systematic bit, only (4*10)+(4*1)=44 bits of scan state metrics data need be stored, a savings of nearly 50% regardless of the transistor technology used.

Abstract: A hardware implementation of a QPP interleaved address generator, or QPP interleaver, for use in a QPP turbo decoder uses state machines to determine BCJR engine QPP interleaved row and column addresses used by a soft-bit decoder operating in interleaved half-iteration alpha scan mode or interleaved half-iteration beta scan mode, as well as during non-interleaved half-iterations, if desired. Because QPP interleaving is pseudorandom in nature, the QPP address generator state machines leverage off knowledge of previous row/column addresses generated, as well as knowledge of the maximum row/column dimensions of the systematic soft-bit data store, to reduce the complexity of the processing performed. The described QPP address generator may be implemented in hardware with reduced hardware footprint, reduced power consumption, less heat production and an improved time response.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure can provide a method and an apparatus to decode a data stream based on multiple transmissions with efficient usages of storage and power resources. The method for decoding can include receiving a first plurality of encoded code blocks corresponding to a first transmission of a transport block, decoding the first plurality of encoded code blocks into decoded code blocks, error detecting the decoded code blocks, and storing a decoding history of the decoded code blocks. Further, the method can include receiving a second plurality of encoded code blocks corresponding to a retransmission of the transport block. The second plurality of encoded code blocks can map the first plurality of encoded code blocks, respectively. The method can selectively decode a subset of the second plurality of encoded code blocks based on the decoding history. In addition, the method can include storing soft bits for code blocks that failed decoding.

Abstract: An apparatus, comprising: a first oscillator made from piezoelectric material to oscillate at a first frequency; a second oscillator to oscillate at a second frequency; a comparator to compare the first frequency to the second frequency; and a controller to change the first frequency in response to the comparing of the first frequency to the second frequency.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are described for reducing memory storage cells in a turbo decoder by storing only half the state metrics generated during a scan process. States associated with each bit transmission may be divided into couples and only one state from every state couple may be stored. In one example embodiment, only the state metric for a losing state of every state couple is saved, along with a single bit, e.g., 1 or 0, indicating whether the upper state or lower state of the state couple was the winner. The winning state may be reconstituted at a later stage. In this manner, for a code rate ? and constraint length 3 turbo code, instead of storing 8*10=80 bits of state metrics for each systematic bit, only (4*10)+(4*1)=44 bits of scan state metrics data need be stored, a savings of nearly 50% regardless of the transistor technology used.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention describe a method and a device for digital measurement of the momentary frequency response of the phase-path component of a modulator, based on digitally sampling the output frequency of the modulator by clocks and count values derived from components already used by the modulator, e.g. a counter in a divider, and a reference frequency based on a crystal oscillator.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems, methods, and articles may divide a frequency associated with an output of an oscillator formed in a semiconductor substrate using a programmable fractional-N divider module (PFNDM) coupled to the oscillator. A calibration module may be coupled to the PFNDM to select the division ratio to yield a first clock signal of an estimated frequency. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.

Abstract: An apparatus, comprising: a first oscillator made from piezoelectric material to oscillate at a first frequency; a second oscillator to oscillate at a second frequency; a comparator to compare the first frequency to the second frequency; and a controller to change the first frequency in response to the comparing of the first frequency to the second frequency.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems, methods, and articles may divide a frequency associated with an output of an oscillator formed in a semiconductor substrate using a programmable fractional-N divider module (PFNDM) coupled to the oscillator. A calibration module may be coupled to the PFNDM to select the division ratio to yield a first clock signal of an estimated frequency. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.