Abstract: In a bonding method and apparatus, a position-detecting camera is moved to a point above reference marks, and the positional relationship between the reference marks and the optical axis of the position-detecting camera is measured by the position-detecting camera, a bonding tool is moved to a point above the reference marks in accordance with an amount of offset stored in memory beforehand, the positional relationships between the reference marks and the tool are measured by an offset-correcting camera, and an accurate amount of offset is determined by correcting the mount of offset stored in memory beforehand based upon such a measurement result.

Abstract: In a ball forming method used in manufacturing semiconductor devices, a ball is formed at the end of a bonding wire, this ball is pressed against an electrode of a semiconductor device and bonded to the electrode, a capillary is raised by a predetermined amount, and an ultrasonic vibration is applied to the capillary so that a portion of the wire located between the bonded ball and the lower end of the capillary is caused to undergo resonant vibration. This resonant vibration separates the wire from the bonding ball, thus leaving the ball on the electrode as a bump.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a N.sup.6,N.sup.6 -disubstituted-cyclic adenosine-3',5'-monophosphate represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R represents a linear alkyl group having 3 or more carbon atoms or a branched alkyl group having 4 or more carbon atoms, an aralkyl group or an alkenyl group; A.sup..sym. represents a hydrogen ion, an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion, an ammonium ion or an organoammonium ion, or a salt thereof, and a cardiac composition comprising it as an effective component, and further includes a process for preparing a compound represented by the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 represents an alkyl group, an aralkyl group or an alkenyl group and A.sup..sym. has the same meanings as defined above, or a salt thereof, characterized in that a 2'-O-protected-cyclic adenosine-3',5'-monophosphate represented by the formula ##STR3## wherein Y represents a protecting group and A.sup..sym.

Abstract: A composition for use in the treatment of heart failure of mammals which comprises, as its active ingredient, an N.sup.6 -substututed-adenosine-3',5'-cyclic phosphate represented by the following general formula (I) or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof: ##STR1## wherein R represents alkyl or aralkyl group and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, as well as a method for treating heart failure of mammals which comprises administering said composition.

Abstract: An apparatus for connecting or bonding leads of solid-state devices to lead frames, etc. in which a solid-state device punched out of a film carrier by a punch is first picked up and held by a suction-adhesion head. A raising and lowering arm is then driven longitudinally and laterally so that the suction-adhesion head with the solid-state device thereon is moved to a position over a first bonding station. Then, the raising and lowering arm is lowered via a vertical driving mechanism, and the solid-state device held by the suction-adhesion head is pressed against a specified lead frame. A first bonding tool is lowered and simultaneously bonds the leads on two opposite sides of the solid-state device to the lead frame. Then, the first bonding tool is raised, and the suction-adhesion head is raised and moves back to a position over the punch.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of an N.sup.6 -substituted 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate or a salt thereof represented by the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a straight chain or branched chain alkyl group of 1 to 13 carbon atoms or an aromatic group and B.sym. represents a hydrogen ion or an alkali metal ion, which comprises allowing a 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate or a salt thereof represented by the general formula ##STR2## wherein A.sym. represents a hydrogen ion, alkali metal ion, organic ammonium ion, or ammonium ion, to react with an aldehyde represented by the general formulaR.sub.1 CHO (III)wherein R.sub.1 is as defined above, under the conditions such that pH is 7.0 or below, the temperature is -10.degree. to 120.degree. C., and the molar ratio of the compound (II) to the compound (III) is 1:1-40, and reducing the resulting compound with a metal hydride or nascent hydrogen.

Abstract: An N.sup.6,O.sup.2' -diacyladenosine-3',5'-cyclic phosphoric ester alkali metal salt can be obtained with ease and in a high yield by reacting an adenosine-3',5'-cyclic phosphoric ester alkali metal salt with a carboxylic anhydride having 4 or less carbon atoms at a temperature of 70.degree. C. or above.

Abstract: Triesters of adenosine cyclic 3',5'-phosphoric acid having cardiotonic, diuretic and anti-tumor activities represented by the following formula ##STR1## wherein R represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 5 to 15 carbon atoms, and the acid addition salts thereof; and a process for production thereof.

Abstract: A glycerol-enriched artificially botrytized grape must is obtained by adding cyclic-3',5'-adenylic acid or cyclic-3',5'-adenylic acid derivatives to a grape must and contacting the must aerobically with the mycelia of Botrytis cineria to increase the glycerol content of the must. A noble botrytized wine is obtained by adding a wine yeast to the above artificially botrytized grape must and subjecting the must to fermentation and subsequent aging.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improvement in an automatic focusing system for use with an optical instrument having a focusable objective which is adjustable in response to optical and electronic components of the system for determining object distance of a remote subject by comparing images of scanning and reference optical systems. The scanner of the optical system is driven oscillatably across an angle to detect a subject between infinity and the minimum focus condition of the objective lens. The present invention relates to improvements in an automatic focusing system for use with an optical instrument having a focusable objective. More particularly, the improvement relates to driving the focusing system to a preset fixed focus setting when the system senses difficult conditions for focus detection as those having low contrast or complex subject matter.

Abstract: A process for producing 3',5'-cyclic adenylic acid in a high yield at a lower price by culturing a strain belonging to the genus selected from the group consisting of Corynebacterium, Arthrobacter and Microbacterium such as, for example, Corynebacterium murisepticum No. 7-10 (ATCC 21977), Arthrobacter 11-211 (ATCC 21978) Microbacterium No. 205-CM7 (ATCC 21979), Microbacterium No. 205-CM-XA3 (ATCC 21980), or Microbacterium No. 205-MP-197 (ATCC 21976) in a medium containing nutrient sources such as, carbon sources, nitrogen sources, inorganic salts and the like but containing no precursors and having a pH of 5-9 at a temperature of 20.degree.-40.degree. C under aerobic condition. The obtained 3',5'-cyclic adenylic acid is well-known for its participation in various biochemical reactions in vivo and for its active role as a mediator to various hormones. It has therefore always been highly evaluated biochemical reagent.

Abstract: 3' ,5'-Cyclic-adenylic acid or 3' ,5'-cyclic-deoxadenylic acid can be obtained in a high purity and a high yield by adding a water-soluble organic solvent such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, tert-butyl alcohol, acetone, N,N'-dimethylformamide, dioxane, tetrahydrafuran, ethyleneglycolmonomethylether and the like singly or in combination to an aqueous solution containing as impurities one or more kinds of nucleotides other than 3' ,5'-cyclicadenylic acid and 3' ,5'-cyclic-deoxyadenylic acid, nucleosides, nucleobases, colored substances, proteins and the like in addition to 3' ,5'-cyclic-adenylic acid or 3', 5'-cyclic-deoxyadenylic acid.The said 3' ,5'-cyclic-adenylic acid or 3' ,5'-cyclic-deoxyadenylic acid are useful and valuable as a biochemical reagent.