Abstract: Provided is a negative electrode active material for secondary batteries that is capable of inhibiting negative electrode swelling and the decline of the charge/discharge cycle characteristics of a battery. A negative electrode active material for secondary batteries according to the present disclosure is characterized by including a Si-based material, activated carbon, and a conductive material, and in that the Si-based material and the conductive material are carried in pores of the activated carbon.

Abstract: An alignment mark having high precision and good visibility is formed in a simple manner without modification of a manufacturing line or a significant increase of man hours and a flat panel display is manufactured at low cost and with good productivity. To achieve this, the method includes a step of forming a photosensitive film on a substrate, a step of forming an alignment mark by exposing the photosensitive film by using an exposing mask, and a step of performing position alignment by recognizing the alignment mark in an undeveloped state of the photosensitive film.